lesson-1-Pub-Talk-and-the-Kings-English-高英课件

Lesson1PubTalkandtheKing’sEnglishAims1.Tolearnthemethodsindevelopinganexpositorywriting,esp.theuseofexamples2.Toknowhowtomakeagoodconversation3.Tolearnthedifferencesbetween“pubtalk”andtheKing’sEnglish4.ToanalysethefeaturesofspokenEnglish5.Toappreciatethelanguagefeatures3Teachingprocedure•Introductiontotheauthor•Warming-updiscussions•Analysisofthetypeofwriting•Themacro-structureofthetext•Detailedanalysis•Homework4HenryFairlie•1924-1990•British-BornWriterOnAmericanPolitics(NYTimes)politicaljournalistandsocialcriticTheAuthor•aBritishjournalistforTheSpectator,whichhejoinedin1955.BeforethathehadbeenafeaturewriterforTheObserver1948-50,andapoliticaleditorialwriterforTheTimes1950-54.HewasalsoaregularcontributortoTheNewRepublicfromthemid-1970suntilhisdeathin1990.HerelocatedtotheUnitedStatesin1965toavoidaBritishlibel(诽谤)suit,forhavingcalledhisone-timeloverAntoniaFraserawhoreontelevision.TheAuthor•HecoinedthetermTheEstablishmentinhiscolumninTheSpectatoron23September,1955.Fairliewrote:•Bythe“Establishment”,Idonotonlymeanthecentresofofficialpower—thoughtheyarecertainlypartofit—butratherthewholematrixofofficialandsocialrelationswithinwhichpowerisexercised.TheexerciseofpowerinBritain(morespecifically,inEngland)cannotbeunderstoodunlessitisrecognisedthatitisexercisedsocially.•权利机构，社会关系网Hisworks•TheLifeofPolitics,1969.•TheKennedyPromise,1973.•TheSpoiledChildoftheWesternWorld:TheMiscarriageoftheAmericanIdeainOurTime,1976.•TheParties:RepublicansandDemocratsinThisCentury,1978.•TheSevenDeadlySinsToday,1978.•AJourneyintoAmerica,1985.•(WithMaryGordonandAlexanderTheroux)TheRevengeofFailure:TheCultureofEnvyandRage,1994.Warm-up•Whatisthenatureoflanguage?•Howislanguagerelatedtoculture,politics,andsociety?9Pre-readingquestions•Whatdoyouknowaboutpubs?•Whatdoyouthinkisagoodconversation?•Whatisyourviewon“theKing’sEnglish”?•Whatdoesthetitlefirstimpressyou?Isthetitleofthepieceaptlychosen?Canyougiveabettertitle?•Thetitleofthispieceisnotwellchosen.ItmisleadsthereadersintothinkingthatthewriterisgoingtodemonstratesomeintrinsicorlinguisticrelationshipbetweenpubtalkandtheKing’sEnglish.Whereasthewriter,inreality,isjustdiscoursingonwhatmakesgoodconversation.Thewriterfeelsthatbarconversationinapubhasacharmofitsownandillustrateshispointbydescribingthecharmingconversationhehadwithsomepeopleoneeveninginapubonthetopic“theKing’sEnglish”.“TheArtofGoodConversation”,would,perhaps,havebeenabettertitleforthispiece.11HistoryofBritain(ahistoryofinvasions)1.NativesinBritain:CeltsLanguage:Celt2.43AD,RomanConquest,ruledfor400yrsLanguage:Latin3.449,Anglos,Saxons,JutesfromtheNorthwestGermanyconqueredmostpartofEnglandLanguage:oldEnglish124.9thcentury,ScandinavianconquestLanguage:Danish5.11thcentury,NormanConquest,400yrsLanguage:French6.BritishpeopleconqueredtheconquerorsLanguage:Englishwonitsrecognition13HistoryofEnglish★OldEnglish(7th-11thcenturies)acombinationofthenativeCelticlanguage,andthelanguageofJutes,Anglo-SaxonsfromNorthernEurope★MiddleEnglish(11th-15thcenturies)acombinationofEnglishandFrenchaftertheNormanConquest(1066)★ModernEnglish(15thcentury-present)20thCenturyEnglishDuringthe19thandearly20thcenturiesmanydictionariesandbooksaboutlanguagewerepublished.NewwordsarestillbeingaddedtoEnglishfromotherlanguages,includingChinese(fengshui)andJapanese(karaoke).Existingwordsgainnewsenses,andnewexpressionsspreadquicklythroughtelevisionandtheInternet.•Englishisnowaninternationallanguageandisusedasameansofcommunicationbetweenpeoplefrommanycountries.AsaresulttheinfluencesontheEnglishlanguagearewiderthaneveranditispossiblethatWorldEnglishwillmoveawayfromusingaBritishorAmericanstandardandestablishitsowninternationalidentity.•Whatdoyouthinkisthepurposeofvisitingapubormakingpubfriends?ABritishPubAlongthebankofThamesBritishPubYouhavetobe18yearsoldtoorderadrinkinapub.Somepubswillallowpeopleover14yearsoldtogoinsideiftheyarewithsomeonewhoisover18,buttheyarenotallowedtogotothebarortohaveanalcoholicdrink.BritishPubOpen:SUMMER:Mon-Sat:12-11;Sun:12-10:30;WINTER:Mon-Sat:5-11;Sun:12-10:30BritishPubMostpubshavenowaiters--youhavetogotothebartobuydrinks.Agroupofyouthswaiting45minutesbeforetheyrealizedtheywouldhavetofetchtheirown.Thismaysoundinconvenient,butthereisahiddenpurpose.BritishPubPubcultureisdesignedtopromotesociabilityinasocietyknownforitsreserve.Standingatthebarforserviceallowsyoutochatwithotherswaitingtobeserved.ThebarcounterispossiblytheonlysiteintheBritishIslesinwhichfriendlyconversationwithstrangersisconsideredentirelyappropriateandreallyquitenormalbehaviour.BritishPubPubs,besidesofferingdrinksandfood,serveasplacesformeetingfriendsandforentertainment.Manyhave,forinstance,televisionsets,amusementmachinesandjuke-boxesandprovidefacilitiesforplayingdarts(飞镖),billiards(台球),dominoesandsimilargames.Somealsoemploymusiciansforeveningentertainment,suchaspianoplaying,folksingingandmodernjazz.juke-boxes:amachinethatautomaticallyplaysaselectedmusicalrecordingwhenacoinisinserted.EnglishBitterBitteristraditionalBritishbeer(alsoknownasale).Itisquitestrongandleavesabittertasteinyo