如何画建筑施工图

厌氧发酵罐检修时，要先放空消化液，然后清洗通风，进入罐内必须戴防毒面罩，系安全带，保险绳一端固定在罐外，安排两人以上监护，每次进罐作业时间不得超过一小时。leadingrole,strengtheningthecapacityofregionalradiation.Urbanandruralisaninevitabletrend,alsorequiredfromabroaderconstructionoftherapidtransitsystem.Enteringthe21stcentury,thecityhasmaintainedfastdevelopmentmomentum,arefeature-richandenhanced.Inherentofcityspacetendstosaturated,inmorefastofdevelopmentspeedXia,citypopulationscalealsoconstantlyexpansion,cityfunctiontooconcentratedbybringsofproblemincreasinglyserious,howGuideCitybysinglecentertocore-networkmodedevelopment,byCenterCitytoperipheralgroup,andtabletsDistrictordered,andefficientexpandisfuturecitydevelopmentmustfacedofproblem,apparently,tracktrafficforGuideCityaxistodevelopment,supportcityspacestructureoptimizationandexpandhasnotalternativeofrole.In2014,Yibincitypeople'sGovernmentandthenewroadbridgestocklimitedliabilitycompanysignedthemodernstreetcarprojectastrategiccooperationagreement,newroadbridgeagreementexpresslylimitedshares...1.5.1planningperiodandlongterm:asthemainplanningperiodtodeterminefutureneedsofgoalnets,planningperiodto2030,consistentwiththeoverallurbanplanninglongtermlifeinYibincity.Vision:planningnospecificperiodaccordingtotheoverallvisionofthecitydevelopmentplanningandlandusecontrolinurbanareaanditspredictionbasedonpopulationsize,asaconditionofnetworkscaleofvisioncontrol.Moreinlinewiththelawofnetworkformationandmaintaingoodflexibilityinplanningmorescientificand如何画建筑施工图1．掌握建筑施工图的分类。2．掌握施工图首页的构成及作用。3．掌握建筑总平面图的图示内容及作用。4．掌握建筑平面图、建筑立面图、建筑剖面图的作用、图示内容及画法与识读方法。5．掌握建筑详图的作用、图示内容及画法与识读方法。6．掌握工业厂房建筑施工图的图示内容及画法与识读方法。学习重点与难点本章的重点是：建筑总平面图、平面图、立面图、剖面图、详图及工业建筑施工图的作用、图示内容及画法与识读方法。本章的难点是：建筑总平面图、立面图、剖面图、详图及工业建筑施工图的画法与识图。房屋施工图是用来表达建筑物构配件的组成、外形轮廓、平面布置、结构构造以及装饰、尺寸、材料做法等的工程图纸，是组织施工和编制预、决算的依据。建造一幢房屋从设计到施工，要由许多专业和不同工种工程共同配合来完成。按专业分工不同，可分为：建筑施工图（简称建施）、结构施工图（简称结施）、电气施工图（简称电施）、给排水施工图（简称水施）、采暖通风与空气调节（简称空施）及装饰施工图（简称装施）。本教材由于受篇幅限制，只就建筑施工图的绘制步骤及其识读方法做了简要介绍，其它施工图的识读方法此处不作介绍。建筑施工图：主要用来表达建筑设计的内容，即表示建筑物的总体布局、外部造型、内部布置、内外装饰、细部构造及施工要求。它包括首页图、总平面图、建筑平面图、立面图、剖面图和建筑详图等。6．1施工图首页施工图首页一般由图纸目录、设计总说明、构造做法表及门窗表组成。6．1．1图纸目录图纸目录放在一套图纸的最前面,说明本工程的图纸类别、图号编排，图纸名称和备注等，以方便图纸的查阅。如表1-6-1是某住宅楼的施工图图纸目录。该住宅楼共有建筑施工图11张，结构施工图5张，电气施工图2张。表1-6-1图纸目录图别图号图纸名称备注图别图号图纸名称备注建施01设计说明、门窗表建施101—1剖面图厌氧发酵罐检修时，要先放空消化液，然后清洗通风，进入罐内必须戴防毒面罩，系安全带，保险绳一端固定在罐外，安排两人以上监护，每次进罐作业时间不得超过一小时。leadingrole,strengtheningthecapacityofregionalradiation.Urbanandruralisaninevitabletrend,alsorequiredfromabroaderconstructionoftherapidtransitsystem.Enteringthe21stcentury,thecityhasmaintainedfastdevelopmentmomentum,arefeature-richandenhanced.Inherentofcityspacetendstosaturated,inmorefastofdevelopmentspeedXia,citypopulationscalealsoconstantlyexpansion,cityfunctiontooconcentratedbybringsofproblemincreasinglyserious,howGuideCitybysinglecentertocore-networkmodedevelopment,byCenterCitytoperipheralgroup,andtabletsDistrictordered,andefficientexpandisfuturecitydevelopmentmustfacedofproblem,apparently,tracktrafficforGuideCityaxistodevelopment,supportcityspacestructureoptimizationandexpandhasnotalternativeofrole.In2014,Yibincitypeople'sGovernmentandthenewroadbridgestocklimitedliabilitycompanysignedthemodernstreetcarprojectastrategiccooperationagreement,newroadbridgeagreementexpresslylimitedshares...1.5.1planningperiodandlongterm:asthemainplanningperiodtodeterminefutureneedsofgoalnets,planningperiodto2030,consistentwiththeoverallurbanplanninglongtermlifeinYibincity.Vision:planningnospecificperiodaccordingtotheoverallvisionofthecitydevelopmentplanningandlandusecontrolinurbanareaanditspredictionbasedonpopulationsize,asaconditionofnetworkscaleofvisioncontrol.Moreinlinewiththelawofnetworkformationandmaintaingoodflexibilityinplanningmorescientificand建施02车库平面图建施11大样图一建施03一~五层平面图建施12大样图二建施04六层平面图结施01基础结构平面布置图建施05阁楼层平面图结施02标准层结构平面布置图建施06屋顶平面图结施03屋顶结构平面布置图建施07①~⑩轴立面图结施05柱配筋图建施08⑩~①轴立面图电施01一层电气平面布置图建施09侧立面图电施02二层电气平面布置图6．1．2设计总说明主要说明工程的概况和总的要求。内容包括工程设计依据（如工程地质、水文、气象资料）；设计标准（建筑标准、结构荷载等级、抗震要求、耐火等级、防水等级）；建设规模（占地面积、建筑面积）；工程做法（墙体、地面、楼面、屋面等的做法）及材料要求。下面是某住宅楼设计说明举例：1．本建筑为长沙某房地产公司经典生活住宅小区工程9栋，共6层，住宅楼底层为车库，总建筑面积3263.36m2,基底面积538.33m2。2．本工程为二类建筑，耐火等级二级，抗震设防烈度六度。3．本建筑定位见总图；相对标高±0.000相对于绝对标高值见总图。4．本工程合理使用50年；屋面防水等级Ⅱ级。5．本设计各图除注明外，标高以米计，平面尺寸以毫米计。6．本图未尽事宜，请按现行有关规范规程施工。7．墙体材料及做法：砌体结构选用材料除满足本设计外，还必须配合当地建设行政部门政策要求。地面以下或防潮层以下的砌体，潮湿房间的墙，采用MU10粘土多孔砖和M7.5水泥砂浆砌筑，其余按要求选用。厌氧发酵罐检修时，要先放空消化液，然后清洗通风，进入罐内必须戴防毒面罩，系安全带，保险绳一端固定在罐外，安排两人以上监护，每次进罐作业时间不得超过一小时。leadingrole,strengtheningthecapacityofregionalradiation.Urbanandruralisaninevitabletrend,alsorequiredfromabroaderconstructionoftherapidtransitsystem.Enteringthe21stcentury,thecityhasmaintainedfastdevelopmentmomentum,arefeature-richandenhanced.Inherentofcityspacetendstosaturated,inmorefastofdevelopmentspeedXia,citypopulationscalealsoconstantlyexpansion,cityfunctiontooconcentratedbybringsofproblemincreasinglyserious,howGuideCitybysinglecentertocore-networkmodedevelopment,byCenterCitytoperipheralgroup,andtabletsDistrictordered,andefficientexpandisfuturecitydevelopmentmustfacedofproblem,apparently,tracktrafficforGuideCityaxistodevelopment,supportcityspacestructureopt