Man and Nature --人与自然

英语5English5Teacher:LiShimeiClass：ClassOne/ClassTwointheyear2015Major:Nursing/PharmacyUnit7MANANDNATUREContentsReadingIPassageAWhatIftheForestWereSilent?AppliedWriting:ScheduleGrammarFocus:AgreementofSubjectandVerbSelf-AssessmentEmphases&difficulties1.理解课文的大意。2.重点单词和词组3.重点句型4.主谓一致用法。5.日程安排格式和写法、有用的句型。LanguagePointsWordStudy(1)breakv.(ofadayordawn)starttogrowlightafterthenighthasended破晓e.g.Althoughdawnbroke,theburglarsdidnotleavethehousewhichtheyhadbrokeninto.Theteamcontinuedthesearchasdawnbroke.staggeringa.verysurprising非常令人吃惊的e.g.Thefiguresintheannualreportwerestaggering.Theboymademanystaggeringmistakes.Syn:astonishinga.verysurprising令人吃惊的e.g.It’sastonishinghecanremember100newwordswithinoneminute.tallyv.count计算e.g.Wehaven’ttalliedupthecost.Theytalliedthenumberoflaid-offworkersinthefactory.Syn:count:v.findthetotalof数数e.g.Don’tcountyoureggsbeforetheyarehatched.鸡蛋未孵出，先别数小鸡。/别高兴太早了。takeactionbegintoact采取行动e.g.Thegovernmentistakingactiontoprotectwildlife.Syn:actv.dosth行动e.g.Wemustactatoncetostopthekillingofwildlife.attributev.(attributeto)considerasbeingtheresultof把…归因于e.g.Hissuccessislargelyattributedtohisgoodluck.Theextinctionofmuchwildlifecanbeattributedtodeforestation.reel(from)v.beshakenbyablow,ashock,etc.（因打击或惊讶等而）震惊，不悦e.g.I’mstillreelingfromtheshock打击ofhearingofhisdeath.Syn:sufferfromfeelorhavepain,loss,etc.感到疼痛；遭受e.g.Shewassufferingfromtheshockoflearninghisterminalcancer.underlyinga.notobvious;difficulttodiscoverorreveal隐含的，潜在的，基本的e.g.Tostopaproblemwehavetounderstandit’sunderlyingcauses.Theunderlyingproblemiseducation.Syn:fundamentala.Oforformingafoundation基本的，根本的e.g.Unemploymentisthefundamentalcausefortheriot.influxn.flowingin流入e.g.Theinfluxofimmigrantscausedsomesocialproblems.ThelocalpeoplewereannoyedbytheinfluxorBritishcowsintothemarket.respond(to)v.beaffectedby回应e.g.Theyrespondedpositivelytoherrequestforaid.Thediseasequicklyrespondedtothecheicaltherapy.Syn:react(to)bechangedastheresultofbeingactedupon作出反应e.g.Childrenoftenreacttokindtreatmentbybecomingmoreobedient.closeoffv.separatesomethingfromotherpeoplesothattheydonothaveaccesstoit封锁e.g.TheGreekgovernmentclosedoffthisbusystreetduetothearrivalofPresidentClinton.Theroadsareclosedofftoprotecttheforests.Syn:blockv.restricttheuseof限制或阻止使用e.g.ThepoliceblockedthehighwaythatcutsthroughthecenterofthecityLanguagePoints1.notestothepassage(title)WhatiftheForestsWereSilent?Translation:如果森林里寂静无声会怎样？Analysis:Whatif...isequalto“Whatwouldhappenif...”itisfollowedbyanunrealconditionaltoindicateasubjectivemood.Example:Whatifhemissedthetrain?(Para.2)By2020,thissilentdawncouldbeoccurringalmostanywhereintheworld.Translation:到2020年，世界各地的森林在黎明时分几乎都会出现这种寂静。Analysis:Couldbeoccurring...Followthepattern“could+bedoing”,whichisusedtomakespeculations推测aboutanactiontotakeplaceatacertaintimeinthefuture.Example:By2010,onethirdofuscouldbedoinginternationalbusiness.(Para.2)whetherbyspear,traporgun,peoplearetalkingastaggeringtoll[təʊl]n.通行费；代价onanythingthatcanbeatenorsoldforfoodormedicine.Translation:人们使用陷阱或长矛或猎枪等种种猎杀手段，大肆捕杀任何可以吃的或者用来换取食物或药品的动物。Analysis:Whetherbysnareorspear,traporgun...isanadverbialofmannerintroducedbywhether...or...Itindicateshowpeoplehuntwildlife.Example:Whetherbybusoronfoot,wemustarrivethereontime.takeatollonhealth对…有害takeaheavytollon产生不好的影响takeatollonsth造成损坏(Para.2)Huntingisthoughttoberesponsibleformorethanone-quarterofallknownextinctionswhereacausecanbeattributed.Translation:在已灭种的动物中，有1/4以上是由于人类的猎杀造成的。Analysis:Wherehereisusedtointroducearelativeclausemodifying“extinctions”,andtherelativeclausecanbeparaphrasedas“towhichacausecanbeattributed”.Example:Therewasanincreaseinmortalityofanimalswhereacausecanbeattributed.P128—1Checkingyourunderstanding1.Accordingtothepassagetheconserevationistusedtopayattentionmainlytotheproblemoftropicalforestintermsoftrees.d2.WhichofthefollowingisnottruePeopledidn’tdoanythingtostopanimalkillingd3.Therisingslaughter__daddagreatchallengetowildlifeprotectionforthenextcentury.4.Theword“formidable”(para.3)meansdemandinga5.Theauthorfeels_bothoptimisticandpessimistic__cwildlifeprotection.P130--5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthegivenwords.1.Theextinctionofmuchwildlifecanbeattributedtothefactthathumanstakeastaggeringtollonit.2.Thegovernmentistakingactiontoprotectwildlife.3.Closingofftheloggingroadisthoughttobehelpfulforprotectingwildlife.4.TheinfuxofrancherscausedseriousdamagetotheforestP130--5TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthegivenwords.5.Equalityandmutualbenefitistheunderlyingprincipleforourcooperation.6.Biologistshavetalliedthenumberoftheanimalskilled.7.Wildlifeprotectionisaformidabletaskforhumans.8.Natureisreelingfromsuchthreatsaspopulationgrowth,pollutionanddeforestation.II.Appliedwriting—ScheduleBriefIntroductionAwell-organizedpersonusuallykeepsaschedule.Ascheduleshouldbeprecise,clearandbrief.Itusuallyincludes;1)title;2)date;3)timeintheleftcolumnandrelatedactivityintherightcolumn.Itmustbenotedthatactivitiesshouldbedescribedbriefly,usua