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2020/2/25虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood(I)GRAMMER语法陈述语气WewenttotheGollywoodinLongxiyesterday.Chenyunxiahadn’tgotoschoolyet.祈使语气Let’sgo.Don’tenvyothers.Becomeausefulmantoyourfamily.一.语气的分类虚拟语气IfIwerePresidentZhang,Iwouldgiveyou3daystorest.IfIhadwenttotheGollywood,Ishouldhaveexperiencedtheexcitement.Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,wewouldnotgoout.由‘if’引导的虚拟条件句叫作‘if’虚拟条件句‘if’虚拟条件句的结构a.表示与现在事实相反的假设b.表示与过去事实相反的假设c.表示与将来事实相反的假设条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去时(were)would/could/should/might+V.(原)一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去过去完成时would/could/should/might+have+p.p.条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…IfIthelottery,Ibuyanexpensivecar.wonwouldIfIalotofmoneyhadwouldIbuyavilla.IfIalotofmoneynow,Itravelaroundtheworld.Ifitfinenow,Igoshopping.werehadwouldwoulda.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroom,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourposition,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldaskIfIwereyou,I___________________.如果我是彭丽媛，我将过一中富有的生活。2.如果我是教育部长，我将取消英语考试。IfIweretheministerofeducation,I_______.3.如果我昨天不给我父亲撒谎，他就不会生气了。IfI______tomyfather,he________soangry.4.如果明天我们休息，我们就去野炊。Ifwe__________,we_________gocamping.Ifhe__________morecarefully,he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehadIfI________howtoswim,I__________________trappedinthisisland.hadlearntwouldnothavebeena.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.c.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegonea.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?shouldbeshouldmakewouldhappenshouldgetupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksc.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,here________(be)nofriendship.weretocontrolwouldbe二.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1.在动词wish后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词that。1)表示对现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)。IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIwereabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。1.IwishI__________younger.我希望我能再年青一点。2.Thepartywasterrible,Iwish____.我希望我从来没去过。3.IwishI_________tothemoonsomeday.我希望有一天我能到月球上旅行。4.IwishI_______never________him.我希望我从来都没见过他。(3)表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形式为“would＋动词原形”。注意:主句的主语与从句的不能相同。但愿你立刻来。Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.asif/asthough由asif(asthough)或eventhough(eventhough)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词的过去式(be用were)或“had＋过去分词”。Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.(Buthedoesn’townitorprobablydoesn’townitorwedon’tknowwhetherheownsitornot.)ShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshehadbeentherehimself.他那样对待我,好像我式陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.注意:如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.关于虚拟语气辩析1关于虚拟语气辩析2关于虚拟语气辩析3关于虚拟语气辩析4关于虚拟语气辩析5句型练习(用IfIwereyou句型翻译下列句子)1.我要是你的话,我就会把英语学好。2.如果你昨天来,你就会看见他。3.万一明天下雨,我们就不到那儿去。4.我希望我十年前认识他。5.他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。Homework关于陈述语气1Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.关于陈述语气2关于祈使语气1关于祈使语气2关于祈使语气3关于祈使语气4真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中if是如果的意思。时态关系句型:条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit___.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined答案B真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。注意：1)在真实条件句中,主句不能用begoingto表示将来,该用shall,will.(错)Ifyouleavenow,youarenevergoingtoregretit.(对)Ifyouleavenow,youwillneverregretit.2)表示真理时,主句谓语动词便不用shall(will)+动词原形,而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。