非谓语动词被动语态归纳及练

非谓语动词被动语态归纳及练习(2010-01-1215:33:06)转载▼标签：非谓语被动教育分类：语法知识当不定式或动词的-ing形式与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系时，要用其用被动式。其形式归纳如下：不定式TobedoneTohavebeendone动词-ing形式BeingdoneHavingbeendone对非谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中也是较常见的。例1：LittleJimshouldlove________tothetheatrethisevening.（92全国）A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking【分析】答案选A。句子主语LittleJim与take是被动关系，“被带去看戏”发生在“想(shouldlove=want)”后，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。例2：Afterhebecameconscious,heremembered_______and________ontheheadwitharod.【06江西】A.toattack;hitB.tobeattacked;tobehitC.attacking;behitD.havingbeenattacked;hit【分析】特殊情况：“remember”接动名词的一般式或完成式均表示“记得已经发生过的事”，句子的主语he与并列的attack，hit是被动关系，答案应选D。例3：Atthebeginningoftheclass,thenoiseofdesks_____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassrooms.（07全国II）A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedB.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose【分析】动词-ing形式的被动语态为“beingdone”。根据所提供的情景课判断出在上课的开始可以听到桌子被打开和关上的声音。Desks与open,close之间为被动关系，且充当介词of的宾语，因此使用动词-ing形式的被动语态。例4：----WhereisGeorge?Hesaidhewouldmeetmeat3o’clock.----Heseems____withMr.Brownintheoffice.（2000全国）A.totalkB.tobetalkingC.tohavetalkedD.talking【分析】seem后接动词不定式作宾语，此处根据情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在办公室说话，应该用不定式的进行式，故选B。说明：一．动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况：在作表语或宾补的形容词后用状语时；作定语修饰have,therebe,this/that/these/thosebe等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的toblame，tolet,torent等。如：1.Thetextisdifficulttolearn.这篇课文很难学。(tolearn主动表被动)2.Wefoundthetextdifficulttolearn.我们觉得这篇课文很难学。(tolearn主动表被动)3.Hewastoblameforthat.他因此受到了责备。(作表语的toblame主动表被动)4.I’mgoingtothesupermarketthisafternoon.Doyouhaveanything________?A.tobebuyingB.tobuyC.forbuyingD.bought【分析】答案选B。表示“有…要…”，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。5.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood____.【08全国卷I】A.tobebreathedB.tobreatheC.breathingD.beingbreathed【分析】在主系表结构中，当表语形容词为good,light,heavy,difficult等时，其后常用不定式作状语，表示时间，原因，结果等，且常用主动形式表示被动意义，因此选B。二．need,want和require表示“需要”，主语通常是物时，后面除用不定式的被动式外，也可用-ing形式的主动形式表示被动。如：Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneed________.(05上海卷)A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving【分析】答案选A。needimproving=needtobeimproved。that引导的从句与problem是同位语。练一练：1.(2002)Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains____whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen2.(2002上海)______tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone'sskin.A.ExposedB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed3．(2002春招)Pricesofdailygoods______throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying4.(2002上海春招)When_____,themuseumwillheopentothepublicnextyear.A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted5.(2003上海)Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught6.(2003上海春招)Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan____.A.keptB.tobekeptC.keepingD.beingkept7.(2003上海春招)Unless______tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited8.(04辽宁)Idon'tknowwhetheryouhappen________,butI'mgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard9.(04上海)Thefluisbelieved________byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.A.causingB.beingcausedC.tobecausedD.tohavecaused10.（05湖北卷）______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A．BeingseparatedB．HavingseparatedC．HavingbeenseparatedD．Tobeseparated11.（05上海卷）Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk_______thegoodopportunity.A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost12.（05辽宁卷）Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_______intimeforChristmas.A．inordertohavereceivedB．inordertoreceiveC．soastobereceivedD．soastobereceiving13.(94)Thefirsttextbooks_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written14.(94)Themissingboyswerelastseen_____neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay15.(05北京卷)Theprizeofthegameshowis$30,000andanallexpenses_________vacationtoChina.A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaid16.(05北京卷)Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise__________.A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon17.（05山东卷）Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereachedB.reachingC.toreachD.tobereaching18.(05广东卷)Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnoted19.(05广东卷)Hehurriedtothestationonly______thatthetrainhadleft.A.tofindB.findingC.foundD.tohavefound20.（05湖北卷）Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell______.A．tospendB．spentC．beingspentD．spendingKeys:BCBAC;ACACC;CCDAB;ABAAB