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天津商业大学宝德学院学士学位论文IAbstractHedonismisaphilosophyslanderedbyhumansinceancienttime.Theethnicideathinksthatpeopleshouldhavetherightstopursuethemaximumhappinesswithintheirabilities,andthesenseofhappinessthatpeoplegainisgreaterthantheperceivedpain.Intheconditionofcorrectlylookingathedonism,itwillmakeushealthyandbeautifulinheartandenhancetheirownhappinessbymeasuringandchoosingdeliberatelythehappyandsorrowfulthings.Onceexcessivelyindulgingtheshorttermofhappinessfromhedonism,peopleaimingatenjoyingwillconsiderthemselvesfirstandevenmaketheirhappinessbasedonthepainofothers.Atthesametime,itwillwasteagreatdealofsocialwealth.Itwouldleadtothereductionofmanpowerresourcewhenpeopleputcomfortatthefirstplaceintheirlifeinsteadofworkhard.Thus,thekeyfactortoimproveourmoralqualitiesistocorrectlylookatthelifestyleunderhedonism.ThePictureofDorianGrayisamasterpieceofOscarWildewhoisaBritishwriter.Tostudythehedonismrepresentedintheworkthroughintroducingthetheoryofhedonismandanalyzingthecharacterofthethreemainrolesinthearticle,soastoenableustolearnmoreaboutthedualityofhedonismandenhancethepersonalmoralqualities.KeyWords:ThepictureofDorianGray;hedonism;duality;moralqualitiesTheHedonismofThePictureofDorianGrayII摘要自古以来，享乐主义都是最受人类诋毁的一种哲学。其理念认为人在力所能及的范围内应当有权利追求最大化的快乐，同时所获取的幸福感应远远大于可被感知的痛苦。在正确看待享乐主义的条件下，审慎地计量和取舍快乐与痛苦的事物，可使我们达到身体健康和心灵的平静，提升自身幸福指数。而一旦过度沉迷于享乐主义所带来的短暂快乐中，以享乐为目的的人们就必然各自为己，甚至不惜把自己的快乐建立在别人的痛苦之上。同时，当人们把享乐放在生活中的首要位置时就会造成人们消耗大量的社会财富，导致人力资源的减少。因此，正确看待享乐主义下的生活方式，是提升我们道德素养的重要因素。《道林•格雷的画像》是英国作家奥斯卡王尔德的伟大文学作品。本文将通过对享乐主义的理论介绍以及三个主要人物的性格分析来对作品中体现的享乐主义进行研究，从而使我们能更加了解享乐主义的二元性，提升个人道德素养。关键词：《道林•格雷的画像》；享乐主义；二元性；道德素养天津商业大学宝德学院学士学位论文IIIContentsIntroduction..................................................................................................................11DescriptionofHedonism..........................................................................................11.1TheOriginandImplicationofHedonism...........................................................................21.1.1Epicurusdoctrine.....................................................................................................21.1.2Thebasicethics........................................................................................................31.1.3TheAristotle’stheory...............................................................................................31.2TheDualityofHedonism....................................................................................................31.2.1TheMeritsofHedonism..........................................................................................41.2.2TheScatheofHedonism..........................................................................................42AnalysisofMajorCharacters..................................................................................52.1LordHenryWotton:acynicalplayboy.......................................................................52.2ArtistBasilHallward:anembodimentofethicsandbeauty.......................................62.3DorianGray:asparkishmanwithhissoulforsale....................................................73TheReflectionofHedonisminthePictureofDorianGray.................................7Conclusion...................................................................................................................11References...................................................................................................................14天津商业大学宝德学院学士学位论文1IntroductionThePictureofDorianGrayisnodoubtagreatworkofliterature.Inthisnovel,Dorianisthesubjectofafull-lengthportraitinoilbyBasilHallward,anartistwhoisimpressedandinfatuatedbyDorian’sbeauty;hebelievesthatDorian’sbeautyisresponsibleforthenewmodeinhisartasapainter.ThroughBasil,DorianmeetsLordHenryWotton,andhesoonisenthralledbythearistocrat’shedonisticworldview:beautyandsensualfulfilmentaretheonlythingsworthpursuinginlife.Newlyunderstandingthathisbeautywillfade,Dorianexpressesthedesiretosellhissoul,toensurethatthepicture,ratherthanhe,willageandfade.Thewishisgranted,andDorianpursuesalibertinelifeofvariedandamoralexperiences,whilestayingyoungandbeautiful;andallthewhilehisportraitagesandrecordseverysoul-corruptingsin.TheaestheticmovementgraduallyroseinEnglandandconvergedintoastrongliterarytrendundertheinfluenceofcontinentofEuropein1860s.Asanoutstandingrepresentativeofthisliterarytrends,OscarWildehadpromotedthedevelopmentoftheaestheticmovementandwitnesseditsdismalconclusion,whowasborninHomeoftheGentryandactedinundueconfidenceofhisownabilityandlookeddownuponothers,hewasalsouninhibited.HisliterarytalentsmainlyreflectedinthecreationofPoetry,dramaandfairytales.ThePictureofDorianGraywashisonlynovella,whichhadastrongaesthetictendency:abeautifulflowerylanguage,afreshimage,anincisiveandwisediscussion,alargeamountofspeculationandelaborationaboutbeauty.ThekeyrolehedonismplaysinWilde’saestheticismcouldbediscernedfromhisportrayalofDorianGray,theepitomeofbeautywhopursuesalifeifexquisiteorpreservesensationandexhaustpassionsforacatalogueo