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英文实验报告的格式和写法【转】2010-10-0406:03一份最标准的实验报告的格式：1.Abstract2.Introduction3.Method4.Results5.Discussion6.Conclusion7.Reference分别来分享下近来学到的。。Abstract摘要摘要，就是整篇文章摘出来的要。强烈建议整篇文章写完后再写摘要。把文章每个部分选一些句子出来就可以拼凑成一个abstract了。一个abstract的模板：1一两句话说明这个实验的主要理论依据，或者实验需要证明的假说。2一两句话说一下这个理论或者假说的相关的研究。3两三句话描述一下实验4两三句话概括一下实验结果5一句话说一个结论，解释一下这个实验的意义或结果的重要性转一个别人的example:Doesachild’sfocuscorrelatewithbarometricpressure?ifso,doesitcorrelatepositivelyornegatively?Tucker(1999)hypothesizedanegativecorrelation,butthisassertionhasneverbeentested.OurteamusedtheMISHACPTtomeasurethefocusofagroupof150third-gradestudents.wedividedthestudentsintothreegroupsof50students.onegrouptooktheMISHACPTwhenbarometricpressurewaslow,anothergrouptookitwhenbarometricpressurewasneutral,andthefinalgrouptookitwhenbarometricpressurewashigh.theresultsfoundthatchildrenfocusedsignificantlybetterwhenbarometricpressurewaslowthanwhenbarometricpressurewasneutralorhigh.theresultssuggestthatwhendiagnosingADHD,practitionersshouldgivetheCPTwhenbarometricpressureisneutral.IntroductionIntroduction以实验目的为开头，解释一下这个实验需要证明的东西。具体实验目的视全篇实验报告长度而定，几段到几页都有的。实验目的写完后介绍实验基本理论。介绍一下前人或者文献里的相近相关的实验，写一下他们的成果以及不到位的地方。（well,如果是学校安排的每年都要做的实验就写写类似相关实验的优劣吧），这部分注意写reference。然后介绍一下实验过程。如果实验用了一些非常见的仪器，也可以在这个部分做一个简要介绍。再转一篇我认为写得很好的IntroductionexampleIntroductionInthislab,weexplorethetheoryofoptimalforagingandthetheoryofcentralplaceforagingusingbeaversasthemodelanimal.Foragingreferstothemammalianbehaviorassociatedwithsearchingforfood.Theoptimalforagingtheoryassumesthatanimalsfeedinawaythatmaximizestheirnetrateofenergyintakeperunittime(Pykeetal.1977).Ananimalmayeithermaximizeitsdailyenergyintake(energymaximizer)orminimizethetimespentfeeding(timeminimizer)inordertomeetminimumrequirements.Herbivorescommonlybehaveasenergymaximizers(Belovsky1986)andaccomplishthismaximizingbehaviorbychoosingfoodthatisofhighqualityandhaslow-searchandlow-handlingtime(Pykeetal.1977).Thecentralplacetheoryisusedtodescribeanimalsthatcollectfoodandstoreitinafixedlocationintheirhomerange,thecentralplace(Jenkins1980).Thefactorsassociatedwiththeoptimalforagingtheoryalsoapplytothecentralplacetheory.Thecentralplacetheorypredictsthatretrievalcostsincreaselinearlywithdistanceoftheresourcefromthecentralplace(RockwoodandHubbell1987).Centralplacefeedersareveryselectivewhenchoosingfoodthatisfarfromthecentralplacesincetheyhavetospendtimeandenergyhaulingitbacktothestoragesite(Schoener1979).Themainobjectiveofthislabwastodeterminebeaver(Castorcanadensis)foodselectionbasedontreespecies,size,anddistance.Sincebeaversareenergymaximizers(Jenkins1980,Belovsky1984)andcentralplacefeeders(McGinleyandWhitam1985),theymakeanexcellenttestanimalfortheoptimalforagingtheory.Beaverseatseveralkindsofherbaceousplantsaswellastheleaves,twigs,andbarkofmostspeciesofwoodyplantsthatgrownearwater(JenkinsandBusher1979).Byexaminingthetreesthatarechewedornot-chewedinthebeavers’homerange,anaccurateassessmentoffoodpreferencesamongtreespeciesmaybegained(Jenkins1975).Thepurposeofthislabwastolearnabouttheoptimalforagingtheory.Wewantedtoknowifbeaversputtheoptimalforagingtheoryintoactionwhenselectingfood.Wehypothesizedthatthebeaversinthisstudywillchoosetreesthataresmallincircumferenceandclosesttothewater.Sincetheenergyyieldoftreespeciesmayvarysignificantly,wealsohypothesizedthatbeaverswillshowapreferenceforsomespeciesoftreesoverothersregardlessofcircumferencesizeordistancefromthecentralarea.Theoptimalforagingtheoryandcentralplacetheoryleadustopredictthatbeavers,likemostherbivores,willmaximizetheirnetrateofenergyintakeperunittime.Inordertomaximizeenergy,beaverswillchoosetreesthatareclosesttotheircentralplace(thewater)andrequiretheleastretrievalcost.Sincebeaversaretryingtomaximizeenergy,wehypothesizedthattheywilltendtoselectsomespeciesoftreesoverothersonthebasisofnutritionalvalue.Methods这部分通常包括Material和Procedure两个部分。Material：详细的写出实验用到的材料，设备，器材。像下面这样是不够详尽的：ChromatographyLightbulbsComputer比较一下下面的：LC-10AVPPlusHigh-performanceliquidchromatography24incandescent60Wlightbulbsarrangedina6*4rectangularmatrix(SeeFigure2)DellPrecisionT7500(XeonX55502.66GHz,6GBRAM,64bitWindows7Professional)另外，如果实验对象中有人的话，介绍人数，群体背景。用Subjects来称呼。比如SubjectsWetested150third-gradestudentschosenatrandomfromapoolof346applicantsfromeightLondonpublicandprivateelementaryschools.thestudentsrepresentedafairlywiderangeofeconomicbackgrounds.allagreedtoparticipateinourstudyinexchangefora25poundsgiftcertificatefromalocaltoystore.Procedure详细写出每一步步骤。不要虚构理想化实验，不要夸大某个过程如实叙述即可。如果步骤比较多就用数字标出每一步。example:Thetestperformedonthepotentiometerwasaccomplishedbywindingastringaroundthepotentiometershaft,attachingamasstothestring,andlettingthemassfall.Thechangeinresistanceofthepotentiometerwithtimeindicatedtheaccelerationofthemass.InthisexperimentitwasassumedthattheconstantCoulombfrictiontorquewastheonlyfrictionaffectingthepotentiometer.Ifthisassumptionweretrue,thefrictionforcefromthetorquewouldbeFf=T/r(whereTisthetorqueandristheradiusofthepotentiometer’sshaft).Likewise,thegravityforcewouldbeFg=mg(wheremisthemasstiedtothestringandgisthegravitationalacce