1土木工程专业词汇土木(Civil),土木工程(Civilengineering),规划(planning),设计(design),施工(construction),结构(structures),土木工程师(Civilengineers),公共设施(publicfacilities),隧道(tunnels),大坝(dams),海港(harbors),电厂(powerplants),给水(water),排水(sewage),公共交通(masstransit),管线(pipelines),工业的(industrial)、商业的(commercial),住宅的(residential),大型结构(largestructures),专业(specialties),专业人员(specialists),电力管线(powerlines),场地(site),测量(survey),绘(地形)图(map),岩土的(geotechnical),土工试验(soilexperiments),环境的(environmental),地下水(groundwater),交通(transportation),结构的(structural),详细设计(detaileddesigns),设计图(plans),(设计)说明(specifications),施工管理(constructionmanagement),监督(supervise),协调(coordinate),材料(materials),人工(labor),费用(costs),估算(estimate)结构工程(structuralengineering),设备基础(supportsforequipment),滨海(offshore),项目(projects),特种结构(specialstructures),发射塔(transmissiontowers),承受(resist),外力(forces),自重(theownweight),风(wind),飓风(hurricane),温度(temperature),膨胀(expand),收缩(contract),地震(earthquake),砼(concrete),沥青(asphalt),砖(brick),水利工程(waterresourcesengineering),防洪(preventfloods),供水(supplywater),灌溉(irrigation),维护(maintain),运河(canals),水闸(locks),大型水电坝(hugehydroelectricdams),水围堰(waterimpoundments),岩土工程(Geotechnicalengineering),岩土特性分析(analyzethepropertiesofsoilsandrocks),沉降(settlement),估计(evaluate),加强(strengthen),坡体(slopes),填土(fills),稳定(stability),结构抗震(protectstructuresagainstearthquakes),环境工程(environmentalengineering),处理(treatment),指定倾倒场(specialdumpsites),清洁垃圾填埋(sanitarylandfills),交通工程(transportationengineering),城市规划师(urbanplanners),管道工程(Pipelineengineering),安装(installation),强度(strength),压力(pressure)运输工程(transportationengineering),城市规划师(urbanplanners),管道工程(Pipelineengineering),安装(installation),强度(strength),压力(pressure),施工工程(constructionengineering),业主(owners),小区与城市规划(Communityandurbanplanning),开发(develop),摄像(Photogrametry),工程管理(engineeringmanagement),工程教学(engineeringteaching),咨询(consultants)。建筑物(building),建筑学(architecture),居民(deweller),设计(design),功能(function),公寓(apartment),办公楼(officebuilding),可居住的(habitable),起居室(livingroom),卧室(bedroom),浴室(bathroom),厨房(kitchens),自然采光(naturallight),人工照明(artificiallight),进深(depth),均匀的(uniform),照明(illumination),预算(budget),费用(costs),体积(bulk),轮廓(outline)。空间(space),人群流动(circulation),厅(hall),楼梯(stair),电梯(elevator),交通负荷(loadoftraffic),大厦(edifice),耐久性(permanence),石材(stone),砖(brick),木材(wooden),钢材(steel),玻璃(glass),抵抗(resist),压力(compression),力(force),挤压(squeeze),无限地(indefinitely),压碎(crush),强度(strength),抵抗(withstand),拉力(tension),拉(pull),梁(beam),跨越(span),弯曲(bend),支座(support),受拉的(tensile),柱(column),粗短的(sturdy),美感(aesthetic),应力(stress),受压的(compressive),纤维的(fibrous),柱(post),细长(slend),性质(property),建造(construction),楼层(floor),框架(frame),2骨架(skeleton),屋顶(roof),悬臂的(cantilever),投影(project)。分区(division),中堂(nave),过道(aisles),袖廊(transepts),后殿(apse),小礼堂(chapels),哥特式的(Gothic),大教堂(cathedrals),比例(propertions),虚(voids),实(solids),高(height),宽(width),长(length),宽(breadth),黄金分割(goldensection),尺度(scale),长椅(benches),台阶(steps),栏杆(balustrades),门口(doorway),柱廊(colonnade),广大(vastness),装饰(decoration),饰品(ornament)。承载的(load-carrying),框架(frame),围护(skin),楼面(floors),隔断(partitions),机械的(mechanical),电气的(eletrical),电梯(elevators),采暖与冷却系统(heatingandcoolingsystems),照明系统(lightingsystems),上部结构(superstructure),下部结构(substructure),基础(foundation),摩天大楼(skyscraper),骨架(skeleton),框架(framework),运输(transport),高峰(summit),外墙(exteriorwalls),承重墙(bearingwalls),柱(post),过梁(lintel),墙厚(thickness),铸铁(cast-iron),幕墙(curtainwall),砌体(masonry),高层建筑(tallbuildings),混凝土(concrete),钢筋混凝土(reinforcedconcrete),圆周的(perimeter),筒体(tube),刚度(stiffness),刚性框架(rigidframes),桁架(trusses),侧向稳定(lateralstability),透明的(transparent),不透明的(opaque),维护(maintenance),预制的(precast),铝(aluminum),商业的(commercial),工业的(industrial),公共建筑(publicbuilding),板(slab),梁(beam),平台(deck),波形的(corrugated),肋(ribs),实体的(solid),天花(ceiling),导管(ducts)。辅助空间(ancillaryspace),供热的(heating),通风的(ventilating),管线的(plumbing),分配(allocate),封闭的(sealed),复杂的(elaborate),空调(airconditioning),导管(duct),管道(conduit),融入(incorporate),悬挂(suspend),改造(innovation),基础(foundation),层理(stratification),压缩(compaction),成份(composition),混合物(mixture),评估(evaluation),分级(grade),颗粒(particle),淤泥(silt),粘土(clay),砂(sand),砾石(gravel),岩石(rock),公吨(metricton),状态(state),压力(presure),重量(weight),表现(exhibit),弹性有(elastic),性质(property),变形(deform),回弹(rebound),时间相关的(time-dependent),施加(impose),沉降(settle),隆起(heave),流变(flow),挤压(squeeze),不均匀的(uneven),例证(exemplify),倾斜的(leaning),开裂(crack),倒塌(collapse),均匀的(uniform),极端的(extreme),地下水(groundwater),扩展基础(spreadfooting),raftormat(筏式基础),桩(pile),屋顶(roof),重力(gravity),调研(investigation),预言(prediction),行为(behavior),土力学(soilmechanics),耦合(couple),失效(failure)。高层建筑(tallbuildings),超高层建筑(ultrahighrisebuildings),围护(skin),应力蒙皮(stressed-skin),筒体(tube),刚性的(rigid),风荷载(windload),摆动(sway),破坏(damage),细部(details),过大的(excessive),不舒适(discomfort),住户(occuppant),觉察(perception),固有的(inherent),运动(motion),上边界(upperboundary),下边界(lowerboundary),额外费用(premium),消除(eliminate),刚性带桁架框架(frameswithrigidbelttrusses),框筒(framedtube),突出(projecting),柱对角斜撑框架筒体(column-diagonaltrusstube)束筒(bundledtube),滑移(drift),利用(utilize),筒体(tube),表面(facade),比率(ratio),轧制成型(rolledshape),框筒(framedtube