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---猜测词义1.主旨大意2.细节理解3.猜测词义4.推理判断5.篇章结构6.观点态度题型及解题技巧1.Teachingbackground教学背景阅读理解Theunderlinedword“__”inthepassagemeans__.Whatdoes“___”inthethirdparagraphstandfor?Theword/phrase“____”mostnearlymeans____.Theword/phrase“__”couldbestbereplacedby__.Questionform(常见提问方式）Theword/phrase“__”inLine…,Para…refersto__.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase/word/sentence“____”?What’sthemeaningof“____”inLine…,Para…?Theauthorusestheword“____”toindicate____?1）文中找线索或信息词;2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领•Quiz:However,menquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandles,usedsandinhour-glasses,andinventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.(2007广东卷）Theunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinparagraph4meansA.state-ownedhousesB.housesinverygoodconditionC.grandhousesopentothepublicD.houseswherestatesmenmeetregularlyDefinition定义法Similarity相似法Contrast对比法Causeandeffect因果法Example例举法Context上下文WordFormation构词法Definition定义法：一般通过定义/定语从句/词组或同位语从句来确定词义技巧1定义猜词时，文中常有解释性词语引出生词含义，如:thatis,mean,standfor,namely,inotherwords,tobe等，有时用破折号，括弧来表示，或者用同位语、定语从句的形式出现。考生要通过上下文来寻求线索，找到关键性的解释性词语或短语。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Checktheanswers易碎的，脆的Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。表示对比的词有but、yet、while、however、otherwise等。技巧2Unlikehisbrother,whoistrulyahandsomeman,Johnisquitehomely．“homely”means“”.uglyUnlikehandsomee.g..Althoughtheearlymorninghadbeenverycool,thenoondaysunwastropical.——————hot热的Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混乱CauseEffect因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.既然一天之内看不完所有的展品，这个博物馆当然是够“大的”了。技巧3Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.从后面的结果永远不能再运动中，可以推测permanent的意思为永远的，永久的。Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。技巧4资金n.Atthebeginningtheydidnothaveenoughcapitaltostartabusiness,norweretheyabletoborrowtheamountofmoneytheyneededfromthebank.money同义词常见信号词：or,namely,thatis,i.e.,thatistosay,等。norExample例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washing-machine,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.技巧5家用电器Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.设备常见的举例的提示词有forinstance,forexample,suchas等。WordFormation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）、词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头、词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易地猜测所构成的新词的含义了。技巧6中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有super-(超)mini-（极小的微小的）micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，无）--wards(向)superman(超人)nonnatural(非自然的)homeless(无家可归的)rebuild(重建)microwave(微波)informal(非正式的)mispronounce(发错音)nonsmoker(非烟民)eastwards(向东)Canyouguessthemeaningsofthefollowingwords?Context上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义技巧7•1)HesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeentalkingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.•AseeclearlyBunderstandCexpect从上句“他显得非常紧张，讲了一会我才懂得他讲的内容…”中判断makeout意为understand,故选B2.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.•Theword“audience”intheparagraphmeans____.•A.students•B.peoplewhowatchaplay•C.peoplewhoactonthestage•D.peoplewholistentosomething3Inspiteofthefactthefishermenwerewearingsou’westers,thestormwassoheavythattheywerewetthrough.AakindofraincoatBakindofumbrellaCakindofshoes4Pleasegivemeyourrecipeforthiscake，soIcanmakeittoo．A．adishB．directionsforcookingC．amealD．directionstoyourhouse5.ThereisastackofpapersonMr.Green’sdesk．A．pieceB．balanceC．mixtureD．pile6Mr.Brownisanamateurphotographer．Heisanengineer．Butinhisfreetimehelikestotakepictures．A.asahobbyB．formoneyC．asajobD．aswork7.Chickenpoxcanbeveryseriousforachildwhoisnotingoodhealth．Thechilddevelopsredspots，andfeelshotanduncomfortable．Ahealthychildgetswellquickly．A.akindofanimalB．akindoffoodC.akindofchildhooddiseaseD.alackofpurewaterDefinition定义法Similarity相似法Contrast对比法Causeandeffect因果法Example例举法Context上下文WordFormation构词法Practice练习Guessthecorrectmeanings1.Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys.Aglacierisariverofice.A雪山B树枝C冰河D冰2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewon’tgiveituphalfway.AweakBfirmCkindDclever3.Mr.BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome.Forthisreasonhehastorentaroomneartheofficewhereheworks.A租用B借出C购买D参观4.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.(context)AworkBstudyCnameDinterest5.Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady.A爱猫的B古怪的C闲不住D动物保护主义者6.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialextremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A便士B温饱C非常贫困D虚弱7.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusband