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非谓语动词Non-predicateVerbs高三英语总复习1非谓语不定式（todo)分词动名词（-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)-Ing形式一：构成-ed形式21.谓语动词：2.非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(通俗地说，就是不能作谓语的动词变形）二：谓语动词与非谓语动词判别谓语动词及非谓语动词的方法1.Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft3非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。由此可见，连词在决定句子结构以及谓语动词和非谓语动词的使用中起着关键的作用。1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeetingyesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove4非谓语动词主语宾语表语定语宾补状语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√三：非谓语动词的句法作用51Theteacherssittingtherearefromotherschools.表语2Wesawsometeacherssittingthere.宾语补足语3Weneedtobeactiveinclass.宾语谓语宾语主语定语连系动词64.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.5.Iwanttoseeyou.6.Iwanthimtoseeyou.7.Myhopeistoseeyou.8.Heisthemantoseeyou.9.I’mgladtoseeyou.10.Iwenttoseeyou.11.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou.（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）712.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.13.Heenjoysswimming.14.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.15.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.16.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.17.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主语)(作宾语)(作宾补)(作表语)(作状语)(作定语)8动词不定式一.动词不定式的基本构成由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式完成进行式todotobedonetohavedonetohavebeendonetobedoingtohavebeendoing91.不定式的动作与谓语动词同时发生时，或之后发生用一般时态1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain.2.强调不定式的动作正在进行时，用进行时态WhenIcamein,hepretended(read)abook.3.强调不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生时，用不定式完成时Heissaid_________________(write)anovellastyear.4.强调动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并可能持续下去时，用完成进行式Sheissaid(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.toseetoseetobereadingtohavewrittentohavebeenworking二.不定式时态的用法10•当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态Itisanhonorforme___________(ask)tospeakhere.Sheasked______________(send)toworkinTibet.Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.tobesenttohavebeentranslated三.不定式被动语态的用法tobeasked111.Tomhappened_____________(pass)bywhentheyspokeillofhim.2.Weallhope___________(become)scientists.3.Weallwant____________(take)partinthesportsmeet.4.Ihappened______________(read)thearticlewhenheaskedmeaboutit.5.Hepretended_______________(be)adriver.6.Whenthefathercamehome,thenaughtyboypretended________________(do)hishomework.tobepassingtobecometotaketohavereadtobetobedoing7.Heissaidto___________(write)anovelnow.bewriting128.Heissaid___________________(send)toLondonalready.9.Sheissaid_________________(meet)afairyoneday.10.Aliceissaid_______________(do)herhomeworkinherownroomnow.11.Idon’texpectthem_____________(wait)formewhenIarrivedtheresolate.12.Theseboysaresaid______________(praise)fordoinggoodsdeeds.tohavebeensenttohavemettobedoingtobewaitingtobepraised13动词不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。IwanttoseeyouthiseveningAllyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation.主语宾语表语定语状语宾补141.作主语Toseeistobelieve．Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault.注：常用it做形式主语，将todo放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1：It+谓语+todoIttakesusanhour________(get)therebybus.句型2：It’s+n.+todoIt’sourduty_________(help)thepoor.Itisagreatenjoyment___________(spend)ourholidayinthemountainstogettohelptospend四.动词不定式的句法作用15句型3：Itisadj.for/ofsb.todosth.Itis+adj+forsbtodosthItis+adj+ofsbtodosth（是形容人的品质的）（是形容事物的性质的）Itiseasy______metofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonor_______ustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.Itisverykind___youtogivemesomehelp.It'simpolite___youtospeaktotheteacherlikethat.forforofof16常见动词有：口诀：想要决定同意，希望许诺选择want,decide,hope,agree,choose,wish,need,promise2.作宾语Iwanttoknowthismatter.like,demand,expect,promise,begin,determine,refuse,offer,fail,manage,learn,seem,intend,prefer,forget,mean,prepare,pretend,continue,start,afford,hate等Idon’texpecttomeetyouhere.1).接不定式做宾语1Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.2.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.3.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand..togotodancetogive2).find/feel/think/suppose…it+adj.+todosth.171.不定式与动名词无区别startbegincontinue[注意]下列情况中begin和start后须接不定式•主语是物不是人Springcameon,andthesnowbegantomelt.•begin和start用于进行时态It’sbeginningtosnow.•后接表示心理活动或状态的动词，如：understand,realize,knowIbegantorealizehowstupidIwas.•后接不定式被动式Thenewtypeofcomputerbegantobedevelopedinthe1980’s.注意下列动词①beginstartcontinue+tododoing182.不定式与动名词区别细微后接动名词表示经常性的动作，多指一个人的爱好、习惯等，后接不定式表示具体的特定的某一次动作Ilike____________(swim)insummer.Ididn’tlike___________(swim)thatday.swimmingtoswim②likelovehatepreferlearn+tododoing19③rememberforgetregret+tododoing20④trymeanstopgooncan’thelp+tododoing21Exx.1.Theteacheriscoming,let’sstop_________(talk).2.Shetried_________(read),butcouldn’tmakeherforgethertrouble.3.Heforgoteven________(write)tome,sohewroteanotherone.4.Iremember_______(bring)thebooktoyoulastweek.5.Iregret________(tell)thatwecan’ttakeyouradvice.6.Revolutionmeans____________(liberate)theproductiveforces.7.Goon________(do)theotherexerciseafteryouhavefinishedthisone.8.Thoughit