动词分类

动词分类一、动词的种类实义动词系动词助动词情态动词实义动词：有实在意义并能独立作谓语的动词。分类：1.及物动词和不及物动词2.延续性动词和短暂性动词1.及物动词：后直接加宾语例：readabook,washclothes.drinkwater不及物动词：后加介词(to.at.of---)加宾语lookatmelistentothemusicarrivein/at2.延续性动词表示动作是可持续的，WehavelivedinChinaformanyyears.例：live,stay,study,work,keep,teach等短暂性动词表示瞬间动作，动作刚发生便立即结束。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.例：buy,borrow,die,begin,stop,finish,arrive,go,come,catch系动词：（都可做实义动词）有词义，但是不能单独作谓语，必须和表语一起构成主系表结构。分类：状态系动词持续系动词感官系动词变化系动词状态系动词：be（am,is,are）动词，表示主语的状态。含义:--是什么，---怎么样，--在哪里我在教室里。Tom和lily是好朋友。Sally很漂亮。我昨天在学校。1)I_____astudent.2)You____adoctor.3)____shefromJinan?4)_____youAmerican?5)He_____inClass4,Grade1.6)It_____acar.7)They____cars.8)____yourmotherinChina?9)_____yourfriendsinNewYork?10)What____hername?11)These_____buses.12)Those_____oranges.13)Where_____hermother?14)Howold_____yourteacher?15)Whatclass_____youin?持续系动词：keep;stay;remain感官系动词：某物使人产生的感觉。look看起来sound听起来smell闻起来taste尝起来feel感觉起来后加形容词。Helookstired.Thisflowersmellsverysweet..变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样。become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemad.Thegirlgrewthinnerandthinner.Soontheskygrewlight.助动词:本身没有意义，不能单独作谓语。必须和其他动词连用，帮助其他动词构成时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等。1.be(am/is/arewas/werebeenbeing);2.have（has/had）3.do(does/did);4.will(would)&shall(should)。be①be+现在分词，构成进行时态Heisreadingabook.②be+过去分词，构成被动语态Thedoorwasopenedbyhim.have(has/had)①have/has+过去分词构成现在完成时②had+过去分词构成过去完成时do(does/did)①构成否定句Ididn’tgohomeyesterdat.②构成一般疑问句和特殊疑问句Doyoulikecoffee?Wheredoesshecomefrom？③构成否定祈使句Don’ttalk!will/shall用来构成将来时will主语为任何人称shall主语为第一人称情态动词：说话人对某事的态度。有一定词义，但不能单独做谓语，后加动词原形。不受主语人称和数影响。Icanswim.Shecanswim.分类：只作情态动词的：can(could);must;may(might)既作情态动词又作实义动词的：need既作情态动词又作助动词的：既作情态动词又作助动词的：will(would);shall(should)具有情态动词的某些特征的：haveto;hadbettercan(could);must;may(might)含有情态动词的句子变否定情态动词后加not,变疑问情态动词提到句首。肯定回答：Yes,主语+can(could);must;may(might)否定回答：No,主+can,could,may,might+not.但must的否定回答；No,主语+needn’tNo,主语+don’thavetoMustIcleanthebedroom?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t./don’thaveto.needneed+todosth:need为实义动词eg:Sheneedstowashthedishes.need+动词原形：need为情态动词Sheneedwashthedishes.will(would);shall(should)表示建议或意愿ShallIgetyousometea?我给你点茶好吗willyouclosethewindow?Iwilldoanythingthingforyou.haveto:不得不，后加动动原形变否定和疑问句，需要助动词DO帮助。例：Wehavetogotoschool.Wedon’thavetogotoschool.Doyouhavetogotoschool?hadbetter:最好，后加动词原形hadbetterdosth例;Shehadbettergotheretoday.变否定：hadbetternotdosthShehadbetternotgotheretoday.hadbetter一般不用疑问句。haveto与mustmust必须，表示主观上必须做的事情。haveto必须，不得不，表示客观上必须要的做的事情.例：Imuststudyhard.Ihavetogotoschool.