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I.动词分类•动词可以分为四类：•实义动词（或称行为动词）•连系动词•情态动词•助动词speakhearlisten…soundsmelltaste…mustmaycan…be(amisare)dodidwill…一、实义动词（行为动词）I.分类1.不及物动词:不能直接跟宾语,常须加了介词后方能加宾语如:lookat(for,after),getto(on),operateon,hearof,hearfrom,pointto(at),worryabout,knockat,playwith,thinkabout等2.及物动词:后面必须跟宾语,意义才完整在及物动词+副词构成动副搭配时,名词可以放在副词的前面或后面,但代词必须放中间。如:turnon:turnontheradio(√)turntheradioon(√)turnonit(×)turniton(√)常见的动副搭配的词组有：puton,pickup,lookup,wakeup,tryon,writedown,moveaway,takeaway等,II.行为动词的几种变化形式•原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词•enjoyenjoysenjoyedenjoyedenjoying•过去式，过去分词，熟记初中所学的不规则动词变化表。•现在分词的变化方法，一般是直接在动词后加ing，有几个特殊的可加以记忆：lie-lying,die-dying要双写的单词有：•一个m(swim-swimming)•一个g(dig-digging)•三个n(run-running,win-winning,begin-beginning)•三个p(stop-stopping,shop-shopping,drop-dropping)•还有六个t(sit-sitting,hit-hitting，get-getting,let-letting,put-putting,forget-forgetting)•同学们特别应注意forget,begin这种双音节单词。•另外，eat,wait这两个词不是重读闭音节，故不能双写加ing，•III.有些及物动词后可以跟双宾语即直接宾语（表物）和间接宾语（表人），间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，若颠倒两者的位置，则通常在间接宾语前加一个介词（to或for）。•1）2)•drawsth.forsb.passsth.tosb.•makesth.forsb.givesth.tosb.•mendsth.forsb.lendsth.tosb.•buysth.forsb.showsth.tosb.•getsth.forsb.bringsth.tosb.•cooksth.forsb.takesth.tosb.•keepsth.forsb.writesth.tosb.•returnsth.forsb.sendsth.tosb.二.连系动词常见的连系动词有：be+adj./n.是，在smell/sound/taste/seem/feel+adj.闻/听/尝/看/摸起来become+n./adj.变成turn+adj.变得get+adj.变得grow+adj.长得keep+adj.保持着fallasleep入睡Thatsoundsreallycool.•1.Thesinging__________verybeautiful.•2.Theflower________sweet.•3.Thefish_______nice.•4.She__________wellafteragoodrest.•5.Theteacher_________angrywhenheknewtheboywaslateagain.•6.I_______verytiredeverydaybecauseofhardwork•7.Theleavesofthetrees________yellowinautumn.soundedsmellstasteslookedseemedfeelturn•连系动词强调动作强调结果•look/seemlookatsee•soundlistentohear•smellsmellsmell•tastetastetaste•feeltouchtouch1.IlookedattheblackboardbutIsawnothing.Itlooksstrange.Maybethere’ssomethingwrongwithmyeyes.2.Helistenedtotheteachercarefullyandheheardeverythingwhattheteachersaid.Thatsoundsgood.•3.IsmellthericeandIcansmellsomethingburning.Itsmellsterrible.•4.ItastethecakeandItastesomethingstrange.Butittastesnice.•5.Theblackboardfeelssmooth.•Pleasedon’ttouchtheexhibits(展品).•Canyoutouchthetopofthedoor?1.Thesouptastes_____,takeitaway,please.A.goodB.wellC.badD.badlyC2.I’veheardofthestory.It______funny.A.looksB.tastesC.feelsD.soundsD3.A:WhatisMumcookinginthekitchen?B:Chicken,Iguess.Howniceit______!A.looksB.smellsC.tastesD.soundsB3.A:Whatdeliciouscakes!B:Theywouldtaste______withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.wellB三.情态动词1.can:能，会表示能力，相当于beableto。可以，表示许可，相当于may。can’tbe不可能2.may:可以，可能，或许maybe可能请区别maybe副词可能3.must:必须，表示肯定的猜测mustbe准是，一定是4.could:比can语气更委婉，客气，并不表示过去时。5.注意回答形式：⑴MayI...?Yes,youmay.No,youcan't(mustn't).⑵MustI...?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't..6.should表示应当，应该，与疑问词连用表意外，惊奇。WhatshouldIdo?我该怎么办呢？7.will,would在交际用语中，would更客气，表邀请。Willyou...?...好吗？Wouldyou...?翻译1.Hestudiedhardandwasabletoenteranimportantuniversity?2.HepractisesspeakingEnglisheverydayandheisabletospeakitwell.3.Willyoubeabletocome?4.CanyouspeakEnglish?5.Hecouldswimverywellatthattime.6.Thatcan’tbeyourcar.1.can/beableto2.maybe/maybe/may1.Maybeheisathome.He___________athome.2.Maybeyouputitinyourinsidepocket.You____________itinyourinsidepocket.3.Maybeheknowstheway.He____________theway.maybemayputmayknow3.must表示说话人的主观看法，mustn’t“不许”，“一定不能”haveto表示外界客观愿望,不得不(有多种形式）don’thaveto“不必”⑴Hermotherisill.She_______stayathomeandtakecareofher.⑵You________lookafteryourclothes(3)Iwill_________stayhomethisweekendbecauseofmyson.hastomusthaveto•1.MustIbeathomeuntileight?No,you___.A.mustn’tB.neverC.can’tD.needn’t2.Where’sRose?She___beinhospital.A.mustn’tB.maybeC.mustD.needn’tDCmust:必须，一定用在问句中的答语：Mustwecleantheroomafterschool?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.•.Youmustbeverytired.改为否定句Hemustbeoverforty.ThewomanovertheremustbeournewChineseteacher.改为反义疑问句Itmustbeseveno’clocknow,___________?Theymustbeintheoffice,_____________?Hecan’tbeoverforty.isn’titaren’tthey表示肯定的猜测mustbe“准是”，“一定是”can’t情态动词记忆口诀•情态动词二要点；•动词原形跟后面，•说话语气较委婉。•can表“能力”may“许可”，•must“责任”或“义务”，•否定回答needn’t换；•“需要”need，dare“敢”•should“应该”、would“愿”，•haveto“被迫”表客观。四、助动词助动词有do,does,did,have,has,will,would等III.区别几组易混淆的同义动词1look-see-watch-readlook看lookatthebirdsee看见seeafilmwatch观看、注视watchTV，watchafootballmatchread读，阅读readabook，readnewspapers2.say-speak-talk-tell•say说（不及物动词）①saytosb.,(后跟引语)②sayitagain(后常跟it)•speak讲，发言（不及物动词）•①speakatthemeeting②learntospeak③speakEnglish•talk谈话（不及物动词）•①talkaboutsth.(谈论某事)②talkwithsb.(和某人交谈)•tell告诉，讲（及物动词）①tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth.②tellsb.aboutsth.(后常跟某人)③tellthetime“报时”/tellastory“讲故事”练习：•用say,speak,talk,tell的适当形式填空：•1.Canyou＿＿＿＿Japanese?•2.Theteacher＿＿＿usnottoplayinthestreet.•3.Wouldyouplease＿＿itinEnglish?•4.Whatareyou＿＿＿＿about?speaktoldsaytalking•3.listen-hear•listen听不及物，常与介词to连用如:Ilistenedcarefully,butheardnothing.•hear听到及物后直接跟宾语•hearfromsb收到某人的来信如:Jim'smotherhaven'theardfromhimforalongtime.•hearof听说如:Haveyouheardofthenews?•4.lookfor-find-findout•lookfor寻找（强调动作）•find找到发现（强调结果）如:Welookedforhimeverywherebutdidn'tfindhim.•findout查明（通过调查研究找到事实的真相）•如:Canyoufindoutwhobro