英语语法:不能变成被动式的主动句-学案

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第1页英语语法:不能变成被动式的主动句1-7语态2.4不能变成被动式的主动句1-4这些主动句在下列情况下一般不能变为被动语态。(1)主动句的宾语是反身代词或者互相代词时,不能转换成被动语态。比如:TheycanexpressthemselvesinEnglishafterfouryears’study.学了4年英语后,他们能用英语来表达自己了。不能变成:ThemselvescanbeexpressedinEnglishbythemafterfouryears’study.Theyoftenhelpeachother.他们经常互相帮助。不能变成:Eachotherisoftenhelpedbythem.(2)在主动句中,宾语之前如果带有形容词性物主代词时,不能转换成被动语态。比如:Thegirlwavedherhandstothem.那个姑娘向他们挥动双手。不能变成:Herhandswerewavedtothembythegirl.Theycuttheirwaythroughtheforestwiththeiraxes.他们用斧子在森林里开辟道路。不能变成:Theirwaywascutbythemthroughtheforestwiththeiraxes.第2页(3)主动句的宾语是动名词或者不定式时,不能转换成被动语态。比如:Sheenjoyedplayingtable-tennis.她喜欢打乒乓球。不能变成:Playingtable-tennisisenjoyedbyher.Theyrefusedtobelieveus.他们不肯相信我们。不能变成:Tobelieveuswasrefusedbythem.(4)主动句的宾语是谓语的同源宾语时,不能转换为被动语态。比如:Lastnighthedreamedabeautifuldream.昨夜他做了个美梦。不能变成:Lastnightabeautifuldreamwasdreamedbyhim.Theworkingpeopleledamiserablelifebeforeliberation.解放前劳动人民过着悲剧的生活。不能变成:Amiserablelifewasledbytheworkingpeoplebeforeliberation.9.Myfriendofferedmealift,butmywork___,Ihadadeclinehisoffer.A.didnotfinishB.hasn’tbeenfinishedC.nothavingfinishedD.notbeingfinished10.Alltheapparatus___beforetheexperimentbegan.A.havebeenpreparedB.wereprepared第3页C.hadbeenpreparedD.hadprepared二、分析句子的英语语法结构,并翻译成中文ThenewlyelectedMalaysianprimeminister,MahathirMohamad,hassaidthecountry’smonarchiswillingtograntafullpardontothejailedpoliticianAnwarIbrahim–beginningtheprocessbywhichhecouldshortlysucceedhim.【TheGuardian】语态2.4不能变成被动式的主动句5-7这些主动句在下列情况下一般不能变为被动语态。(5)在主动句中,某些“静态”动词(表示状态而不表示动作,而且常常没有进行时形式的动词),比如fit,have,lack,resemble,suit等作谓语时,不能转换为被动语态。比如:Agoodteachersuitshislessonstotheageofhispupils.一个好的老师要使自己所讲的课适合学生的年龄。不能变成:Hislessonsaresuitedbyagoodteachertotheageofhispupils.Yourbrotherstilllacksexperience.你兄弟经验还不足。不能变成:Experienceisstilllackedbyyourbrother.(6)某些介词的不及物动词在主动句中作谓语时,不能转换为被动语态。比如:Everybodyagreedwithme.第4页大家都同意我的意见。不能变成:Iwasagreedwithbyeverybody.Hejumpedwithasplashintotheriver.他扑通一声跳进河里。不能变成:Theriverwasjumpedintowithasplashbyhim.(7)it用在口语中,作某些特定动词的宾语,构成习语,这时it并没有特别的意思,当这种it在主动句中作宾语时,不能转换成被动语态。比如:Wemustfightitout.我们必须争辩个明白。不能变成:Itmustbefoughtoutbyus.You’llcatchit.你可小心点!不能变成:Itwillbecaughtbyyou.一、单项选择。11.TVandradioprogrammes___theothersideoftheworldbymeansofthestellites.A.cansenttoB.cansendonC.canbesentonD.canbesentto12.Thekindelderwomaniseasily___bythethief’sdisguise.A.takeninB.betakenawayC.tookupD.tookaway第5页二、分析句子的英语语法结构,并翻译成中文Atleast19peoplehavebeenkilledinfreshclashesbetweenMyanmar’smilitaryandanethnicarmedgroupintheremotenorthernShanstate,asfightinginthecountry’sborderlandsintensifies.【TheGuardian】

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