定语从句(授课)

TheAttributiveClause定语从句◆定义及其作用：◆定语从句是又称形容词性从句,在句子中起定语作用,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可修饰一个句子.受定语从句修饰的词叫先行词.定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。定语从句定语从句定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的构成Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.关系代词关系副词注意事项:1.从句的位置:2.翻译方法:3.构成：先行词之后“….的”关系词先行词关系词定语从句后置ThedaycameatlastwhenIwenttocollege.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhocomesfromQingdao.Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.先行词放置于名词之_____，修饰名词的从句关系词连接作用1.2.在从句中充当成分后引导定语从句的关系词指代人who，whom，that指代事物which，that,as所属关系whose，ofwhich指地点where指时间when指原因why关系代词关系副词先行词和关系词的关系Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy=whotheboy’s=whoseintheschool=where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.先行词和关系词的关系Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质themachineamachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√××××关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略关系代词的用法练习1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.3.Heprefersthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.Theeggs(that/which)Iboughtthemwerenotfresh.Thefriendwho/thathecametosupperlastnightwasnothungry..Heprefersthecheesethat/whichitcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.Thenoodles(which/that)youcookedthemweredelicious.Idon’tlikethepeoplethat/whotheysmokealot.关系副词和先行词的关系IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.Idon’tlikethewaythatyouspeak.ontheday=wheninthehouse=whereforthereasons=whyintheway=that关系副词实际上是“介词＋先行词”1.I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.3.IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.when/onwhichwhichwhere/inwhichwhichwhy/forwhichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词难用的whoseTheteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.whose=thestudent’s关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格难用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken非限制性定语从句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用能否省略翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Kenli,whereIlive,isbeautiful.Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.Pleasecompare:形式作用翻译限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句插入成分修饰限定补充解释能不能….的能否省略Teacherswhoarekindarepopularwiththestudents.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果ThetownwhereIliveisbeautiful.Anxi,whereIlive,isbeautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略as引导的非限制性定语从句Theearthisround.____isknowntoall.Theearthisround,_________isknowntoall.____isknowntoall,theearthisround____isknowntoallthattheearthisround.Itwhich/asAsItas具有“正如”之意，搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected定语从句在句首时只能用asas引导的限制性定语从句(1)ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.Pleasecompare:这支笔和我丢的那支一模一样。这支笔就是我丢的那支。as引导的限制性定语从句(2)Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)介词+关系代词的情况1Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.toin介词+关系代词的情况2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesright?介词+关系代词的情况3Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinArethesetwosentencesr