基于单片机的电子血压计设计

I基于单片机的电子血压计设计摘要单片机以其卓越的性能，得到广泛的应用，以深入到各个领域，已经成为一种比较成熟的技术，在医学方面更是得到了较好的应用。血压是极为重要的健康指标，血压测量的准确与否直接关系到人们的健康。现代人患心血管疾病呈低龄化趋势，所以随时关注我们的血压状况对我们百利无害。本论文讨论了以AT89C51单片机为核心的电子血压计测量原理。气泵给气囊充气后通过感器传的电压经放大、滤波得到脉搏信号，计算出收缩压、舒张压和脉搏。重点介绍了单片机及滤波电路的设计。首先依据示波法和脉搏波理论设计了血压测量系统的总体设计方案。该方案硬件电路以AT89C51单片机为核心，包括信号采集处理电路，A/D转换电路，控制按钮电路和显示电路等几大部分。本文对以上几个部分的软硬件设计作了详细的阐述，介绍了核心芯片的选型，外围电路的连接，芯片与芯片之间的连接电路，程序设计方法和相应的软件程序。讨论说明了各部分电路点的工作原理，以及其软硬件的具体设计。关键词：单片机；血压；血压计；示波法；脉搏波IIThedesignofportablebloodpressuremonitorAbstractSinglechipwithitssuperiorperformance,arewidelyusedtodrillinvariousfieldshasbecomeamaturetechnology,inmedicineallthemoreyesgetabetterapplication.Bloodpressureisextremelyimportanthealthindicators;bloodpressuremeasurementaccuracyisdirectlyrelatedtopeople'shealth.Moderncardiovasculardiseasetrendsshowedyoungerage,sokeepaneyeonourbloodpressureBaileyusharmless.Thispaperstudiesinbloodpressuremeasurementmethodandwavemethod,onthebasisofpulsewavetheory,discusseswithAT89C51measuringprincipleofelectronicdevice.Aftertheairtoairpump,thevoltagesensorthroughenlargement,filtering,calculatethepulsesignalobtainedsystolicpressure,diastolicpressureandpulse.Mainlyintroducesthedesignandtheentirecircuitchip.Firstofall,andthepulsewavebasedonoscillometricbloodpressuremeasurementsystemdesigntheorydesignproject.TheprogramhardwarewithAT89C51microcontrollerasthecore,includingsignalacquisitionandprocessingcircuit,A/Dconvertercircuit,memoryexpansioncircuits,LCDcircuits,AutomaticFillingandReleasingcircuit,mostofthekeyboardcircuitafew.Inthispaper,severalpartsoftheabovedetaileddescriptionofhardwareandsoftwaredesign,introducedtheselectionofcorechips,theexternalcircuitconnection,theconnectionbetweenthechipandthechipcircuit,programdesignmethodsandcorrespondingsoftwareprogram.Discussionillustratesthepointofallpartsofthecircuitworks,andthespecificdesignofitshardwareandsoftware.Keywords:Single-chip；bloodpressure；Sphygmomanometer；Oscillometricmethod；pulsewaveformIII目录摘要...........................................................................................................................................IAbstract..................................................................................................................................II1绪论....................................................................................................................................11.1背景..................................................................................................................................11.2血压测量方法..................................................................................................................11.3血压计测量现状..............................................................................................................22血压计设计原理................................................................................................................32.1示波法测量血压原理......................................................................................................32.1.1示波法概述..................................................................................................................32.1.2示波法原理..................................................................................................................32.2设计的总体思路..............................................................................................................43滤波电路设计....................................................................................................................63.1传感器..............................................................................................................................63.1.1压力传感器简介..........................................................................................................63.1.2压力传感器的选用......................................................................................................63.2滤波器设计......................................................................................................................73.2.1滤波器概述..................................................................................................................73.2.2低通滤波器设计..........................................................................................................93.2.3带通滤波器设计........................................................................................................114单片机系统设计..............................................................................................................154.1单片机AT89C51.............................................................................................................154.2时钟及复位电路设计....................................................................................................174.3ADC0809转换电路及内部结构及功能部件.................................................................184.3.1A/D转换系统.............................................................................................................184.3.2ADC0809内部结构及功能部件..............................................................................