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智能稳压充电器的设计与制作摘要在电子技术高速发展的今日，人们对于电子产品的要求也越来越趋于成本低，方便携带，智能化。而电子产品大多依靠电池供电，现在存在市面上的电池种类有镍氢、镍镉、铅蓄电池、锂电池。由于各个电池充电特性不同，各有利弊，导致他们同时存在于市面上，同时使得各种类型充电器相应而生。目前人们对于充电器的使用越来越广泛，几乎所有配备电池的设备都需要充电器，充电器也给人们出差办公或外出旅游等社交活动提供很大的便利。本课题设计一种以单片机控制为核心的智能手机充电器，单片机普遍适用于充电器领域，并与充电器有着良好的兼容性。我们依靠单片机的控制、处理能力来完成对充电器智能化的实现。从严谨方面来说，智能充电器必须有单片机参与其中充电过程。在本次设计中，使用的元器件比较普遍并且具有很高的效率，所编写的程序比较稳定、简洁。详细说明了智能充电器的结构组成，并对使用的元器件进行详细的介绍，着重介绍了充电器的核心元器件－单片机AT89S52和充电芯片MAX1898。设计的电路包括电压转换电路、充电控制电路、单片机电路。在软件设计中，以C语言为开发工具，进行了详细的设计，保证了硬件设计的所需功能，实现了系统的稳定性，可靠性、安全性。该充电器具有检测电池充电进度，实时显示输出电压；自动切换充电模式以满足充电电池的充电需要；充电器短路保护功能。使电池防受损能力大大增强，提高了电池的可使用时间。关键词：智能充电器；单片机；MAX1898TheDesignandManufactureofIntelligentVoltageChargerABSTRACTIntherapiddevelopmentofelectronictechnologytoday，Totherequirementofelectronicproductsisbecomingmoreandmorepeopletendtobelowcost,convenienttocarry,intellectualization，Andelectronicproductsmostlyrelyonbatterypower,Thetypesofbatterieshaveonmarketnowexistnickelmetalhydride,nickelcadmium,lead-acidbatteries,lithiumbatteries，Becauseeachbatterychargingcharacteristicisdifferent,eachhaveadvantagesanddisadvantages,causetheyexistinthemarketatthesametime,alsomakeallkindsofchargeraccordingly，Nowpeoplefortheuseofthechargerismoreandmorewidely.Almostallequippedwithbatteryequipmentneedcharger.Officeortravelchargerisonabusinesstriptopeopleandothersocialactivitiestoprovidegreatconvenience.ThistopicdesignakindofmobilephonebatterychargerbasedonMCU,MCUarewidelyusedinthefieldofbatterychargers,weuseittocontrolandprocessingcapacitytoimplementtheintelligentofthecharger.Inastrictsense,onlysinglechipmicrocomputercontrolandprocessingofthechargercancalledsmartcharger.Universalandefficientinthedesign,thechoiceofhardware,designsoftwareofreliableandstable.Detailsthestructureofthecharger,thecompositionofhardwareandtheintroductionofcomponents,includingthechargingvoltageconversioncircuit,controlcircuit,singlechipmicrocomputercircuit.Andthechargerofcorecomponents-andAT89S52MCUchipMAX1898hascarriedonthedetailedintroduction.Insoftwaredesign,Clanguageasthedevelopmenttool,hascarriedonthedetaileddesignandimplementthesystemstability,reliabilityandsecurity.Thechargerhasatestbatterychargingschedule,real-timedisplayoutputvoltage;Automaticswitchchargingmodetomeettheneedsoftherechargeablebatterycharge;Thechargershortcircuitprotectionfunction.Betterprotectthebatteryandprolongtheservicelifeofthebattery.KeyWords:Intelligentcharger；Singlechipmicrocomputer；MAX1898目录第一章绪论.........................................................................................................11.1课题研究的意义...........................................................................................................11.2充电器发展状况...........................................................................................................11.3课题研究主要内容及组织结构...................................................................................1第二章电池的充电方法与充电控制技术........................................................32.1电池的充电方法...........................................................................................................32.2单片机控制的充电器的优点.......................................................................................42.3电池的充电控制技术...................................................................................................42.3.1锂电子电池简介.................................................................................................42.3.2快速充电器介绍.................................................................................................42.3.3快速充电终止控制方法.....................................................................................52.4本章小结.......................................................................................................................7第三章智能稳压充电器的硬件设计................................................................83.1系统框图.......................................................................................................................83.2单片机控制模块...........................................................................................................83.3充电控制模块.............................................................................................................103.3.1MAX1898的特性..............................................................................................103.3.2MAX1898充电工作原理..................................................................................113.4充电电压转换模块.....................................................................................................133.5液晶显示模块.............................................................................................................143.6蜂鸣报警模块.............................................................................................................153.7本章小结.....................................................................................................................15第四章智能稳压充电器的软件设计..............................................................164.1程序功能以及主要变量说明................................................