英美概况-美国概况

SurveyoftheU.S.2TheU.S.A3contentsPartone:GeographyParttwo:History4GeographyChapterI:ageneralintroductionChapterII:populationChapterIII:thefiftyStatesChapterIV:thedevelopmentofAmericanEconomyChapterV:themaincities5HistoryChapterI:colonizationofNorthAmericaChapterII:theAmericanWarofIndependenceChapterIII:thegrowthoftheNationChapterIV:theAmericanCivilWarChapterV:theU.SImperialism&WWIChapterVI:AmericaBefore&DuringWWIIChapterVII:ThepostwarAmerica6TheNamesforthecountry&thepeopletheUnitedStatesofAmericatheUSAtheUnitedStatestheU.S.AmericaUncleSamBrotherJonathanYank(Yankee).7TheNationalFlag&Anthem1.NationalFlag:theStar-SpangledBanner:Meaning:the50whitestarsthe13stripes2.NationalAnthemthestar-spangledbanner《星条旗永不落》8TheNationalEmblem1.theflyingwhiteeagle2.thecrown3.13stars4.olive-branchandarrows5.ayellowribbonepluribusUnum6.nationalflag97.thewhiteeagle/Americaneaglestrengthcouragefreedomimmortal“thekingamongbirds”.8.theEmblemstandsfor:Independencecouragepower10PartIPhysicalGeographyChapterI:ageneralintroduction1.ThreeGeographicalDivisions2.ThethreeMajorRiverSystems3.Climate4.NaturalResources5.Territory11Location12Totalarea:9.37msq.kmthe4thlargestcountryPopulation:300millionConsistsof:50statesafederaldistrict---theDistrictofColumbia13Topography.14Scenicspotsinthewest.1.TheYellowstoneNationalPark,Wyoming;2.TheGrandCanyon,Arizona;3.YosemiteNationalPark,California;4.Redwoodsforestsalongthecoastline;5.TheDeathValley,California;152.theThreeMajorRiverSystem&thefiveGreatLakes.1)theGulfsystem:2)theAtlanticsystem:3)thePacificsystem:4)theGreatLakes16TheGulfSystem:1.theMississippiRiver2.twomaintributaries:Missouri&Ohio17TheAtlanticSystem:1)HudsonRiver2)DalawareRiver3)thePotomacRiver4)St.LawrenceRiver18ThePacificSystem:1)ColumbiaRiver2)ColoradoRiver19TheGreatLakesLakeSuperiorLakeMichiganLakeHuronLakeErieLakeOntarioSMEHO203.Climate1)Themainfeature:variedtemperatezone&mildsubtropicalzone2)FromEasttoWest:A.Northeastcoast&theGreatLakesareas:temperateB.Southeast&theGulfplain:subtropic21C.TheCentralplain:continentalclimateD.thewesternplateaus:E.thePacificcoastalareas:F.Alaska:G.Hawaii:223)Disastrousweather1)Hurricane2)tornado3)snowstorm234.Naturalresourcesrichindeposits:forestry:waterpower:24Richdeposits1.fuel:coaloilnaturalgas2.Ferrous&Nonferrousmetals:ironorecopperzinc:25forestry1.1/4oftheterritory;2.Northwesternpacificcoast:90%3.TheNorth:4.TheSouth:26WaterresourcesColumbiaRiver&ColoradoRiver:theOhioriverTheGreatLakes&StLawrenceRiver:27TerritoryTheexpansionofitsTerritory.28ChapterIIPopulationThecompositionofthepopulation:Thedistributionofpopulation:Thecharacteristicsofthepopulation:291.Complexcomposition:1)ThenativeAmerican2)Thewhite:80%3)Theblack:4)Mexicans:5)PuertoRicans6)Japanese,Philippines,Chinese…302.Theunevendistribution:1)Atlanticcoastalareas:2)thefiveGreatLakes3)thePacificcoast;4)theGulfofMexico3.Thecharacteristicsofthepopulation:1)diversity---culturalpluralism2)uniformity(assimilation)languagehabits&waysoflivingideas,idealsandobjectives---a“MeltingPot”311.TheNewEnglandRegion:2.TheMiddleAtlanticRegion:3.TheSouthRegion:4.TheMidwestRegion5.theRegionoftheGreatPlain6.theWestRegion:7.Alaska8.Hawaii9.Overseascolonies*ChapterIIItheFiftyStates32TheNewEnglandRegion:SixstatesMaineNewHampshireVermontMassachusettsConnecticutRhodeIslandMaineNHVermontMassachusettsConnecticut33TheMiddleAtlanticRegion:6statesNewYorkNewJerseyPennsylvaniaMarylandDelawareWestVirginiaNNJNYPAWVDelawareM34TheSouthRegion:11statesVirginiaNorth&SouthCarolinaGeorgiaFloridaKentuckyTennesseeAlabamaArkansasMississippiLouisianaVirSCNCGeoFloAlaMisTennesKentuckyLouisArkan35TheMidwestRegion:8statesOhioMichiganIndianaIllinoisWisconsinMinnesotaIowaMissouriOhioIowaMissouri36TheRegionoftheGreatPlains:6statesNorthDakotaSouthDakotaNebraskaKansasOklahomaTexas37TheWestRegionthemountainstates:4thegreatplateaustates:4thePacificCoaststates:338themountainstates:4MontanaWyomingColoradoNewMexicoMontanaWyomingColoradoNewMexico39thegreatplateaustates:4IdahoUtahNevadaArizonaIdahoUtahNevadaArizona40thePacificCoaststates:3WashingtonOregonCaliforniaWaOrCa417.Alaska42Hawaii439.OverseasColonies:GuamEasternSamoaPuertoRicoandtheVirginIslands44ChapterIIIAmericanEconomy1.MajorfactorscontributetotheU.S.fasteconomicgrowth:2.Agriculture3.Industry4.Maincharacteristics451.WhatarethemajorfactorscontributetotheU.S.fasteconomicgrowth?geographic:historic:governmental:462.AmericanAgriculture1)world’sleadingexporterofagriculturalproducts2)highlymodernizedandintensified3)animportantsectorinnationaleconomy4)majorcrops473.Industry1)theleadingindustrialcountryintheworld;2)Majorindustries:p284.Mainfeaturesofitseconomy1)Highlymonopolizedfeaturingbigcorporationsp272)Smallenterprisesareveryimportantandessentialp2848ChapterIVtheMainCities1.WashingtonD.C.7.Houston2.NewYorkCity8.SanFrancisco3.Chicago9.Boston4.LosAngeles10.Pittsburgh5.Philadelphia11.St.Louis6.Detroit49WashingtonD.C.1.ThepositionthecapitaltheheadquartersofallthebranchesoftheAmericanfederalsystem2.location.3.thename:4.theCap