第五章光电组件和模块技术目录5-1概述5-2光发射组件(TOSA)5-3光接收组件(ROSA)5-4光收发一体组件(BOSA)5-5光电模块5-6最新进展和未来发展5-1概述光电模块在STM-1ADM光通信系统中的位置HDB3编码HDB3解码去映射映射时隙指定/交叉E1E1-分插享用段/通道开销处理解扰码串/并段/通道开销处理扰码串/并STM-1光电模块光电模块O/E抽时钟网管电源E/O定时再生GaAs—ICGe-Si--ICSi-MOS—ICLSorULSGaAs—ICGe-Si--IC5-1概述光端机的技术发展和光电模块的产生StandardCompactPCIplatformMUXPWBOTBORBDEMUX+MUX/DEMUXPWBPWBORBOTRB+过去现在未来??5-1概述光电模块的基本结构光电模块定义:完成O/E、E/O变换且具有标准光接口和电接口的系统基本结构:光源(TOSA)+驱动电路、探测器(ROSA)+接收电路、接口、其它辅助电路、外壳分类方法结构用途国内外主要厂家5-2TOSA含义:TransmitterOpticalSub-Assembly光发射组件(TOSA)分类:同轴封装(TO-CAN)其它结构TO56LD、金属件、陶瓷套筒(sleeve)、陶瓷插芯(ferrule)5-2TOSATOSA的设计光学设计合适的耦合效率小的光反射传统的:低成本:5-2TOSA光学设计球透镜耦合效率~15%8°插芯陶瓷反射损耗~-50dB耦合台精度~0.8m非球透镜耦合效率~50%8°插芯陶瓷反射损耗~-50dB耦合台精度~0.5m5-2TOSA球透镜:•优点:工艺成熟,用量大,成本低•问题:耦合效率ŋ低•原因:球透镜的球差太大|X|=1/2(n2/(n2-1)2-1)·f·NA3对ф=1.5mm,n2=1.5的球透镜|X|∽1.7mmφfŋmax≦15%Pf(max)∽1.5mwLD|X|光纤N25-2TOSA非球透镜•优点:像差小,ŋ高•问题:工艺复杂,价格较高光纤LDŋ≥35%ŋmax∽53%5-2TOSA球透镜与光纤插芯耦合产品对比-非球透镜与NEC、巨康、SUMITOMO的同类产品的主要参数对比厂家型号Ith(mA)(CW)Vf(V)(Ith+20mA)η(W/A)(CW,5mW)λc(nm)(CW,5mw)MINTYPMAXMINTYPMAXMINTYPMAXMINTYPMAX镭波5151.11.60.350.4129013101330NECNX6306G10201.11.60.20.312801335巨康AC322010151.151.50.30.4129013101330SUMITOMOSLT11308151.21.6128013101340厂家型号Δλ(nm)(CW,RMS)Im(uA)(Vr=5V)Iop(mA)(CW,5mW)MINTYPMAXMINTYPMAXMINTYPMAX镭波2415040010002030NECNX6306G2006001000巨康AC3220231002230SUMITOMOSLT113025200产品对比-非球透镜对比NEC、巨康、SUMITOMO的同类产品的出纤功率/耦合效率,镭波产品达到国际同类产品的先进水平表中单位:光功率为mW,耦合效率为%厂家型号MINTYPMAX镭波5.0/45%5.2/50%6.4/53%NECNX6306G4.0/40%巨康AC32203.5/38%SUMITOMOSLT11304.0/40%5-2TOSA热设计DescriptionValueUnits0.2W0.5W1WHeightoflaserstripe0.50.50.5[µm]Widthoflaserstripe5050100[µm]Z-positionoflaserstripe111[µm]HeightofLD0.150.150.15[mm]WidthofLD0.50.50.5[mm]LengthofLD0.50.751.1[mm]Thicknessofsolder333[µm]Heightofheatspreader0.20.20.2[mm]Widthofheatspreader1.01.01.0[mm]Lengthofheatspreader1.11.11.5[mm]Thicknessofsolder/glue3/203/203/20[µm]Heightofbase1.71.71.7[mm]Widthofbase1.21.21.2[mm]Lengthofbase444[mm]baseheatspreaderdiodeMaterialk[W/m/k]Glue1GaAs46AuSn57.1AlN180CVDD1800Copper400Invar135-2TOSABaseBondingP=200mWP=500mWP=1000mWAlNCVDDAlNCVDDAlNCVDDCopperSolder35.026.430.724.925.122.6CopperGlue41.027.036.025.628.423.1InvarSolder97.484.091.682.474.370.0InvarGlue102.990.297.188.778.374.5Table3Themaximumtemperaturein°C.BaseofInvarorCopper,heatspreaderbondedtobasewithsolderorglue.Heatinputinallcases1W,thenominalpowerofthediodeisgiven.-热设计5-2TOSABaseBondingP=200mWP=500mWP=1000mWAlNCVDDAlNCVDDAlNCVDDCopperSolder15.06.410.74.95.12.6CopperGlue21.010.816.09.38.45.8InvarSolder77.464.071.662.454.350.0InvarGlue82.970.277.168.758.354.5Table4ThethermalresistanceinK/W.BaseofInvarorCopper,heatspreaderbondedtobasewithsolderorglue.Thenominalpowerofthediodeisgiven.-热设计5-2TOSABaseBondingP=200mWP=500mWP=1000mWAlNCVDDAlNCVDDAlNCVDDCopperSolder100%43%100%46%100%51%CopperGlue140%72%149%87%165%114%InvarSolder516%426%668%582%1070%986%InvarGlue553%468%720%641%1150%1075%Table5Therelativethermalresistance,AlNsolderedheatspreaderwithcopperbaseasreference.BaseofInvarorCopper,heatspreaderbondedtobasewithsolderorglue.Thenominalpowerofthediodeisgiven.-热设计5-2TOSAMNMXXYZ2020.70921.41922.12822.83823.54724.25724.96625.67626.385-热设计MNMXXYZ2021.66623.33224.99826.66528.33129.99731.66333.32934.995Figure2Thetemperaturedistributionofthepackage.200mWdiodeoncopperbasewithsolder.TotheleftAlNheatspreader,CVDDheatspreaderattheright.5-2TOSA-热设计5-2TOSA5-2TOSA机械设计耦合的精确定位–达到0.5m稳定的固定支撑–维持0.5m和模块的配合-无应力5-2TOSA-机械设计LD器件金属件套管插芯5-2TOSA耦合的精确定位和固定自动耦合系统YAG激光器TO封装LD耦合焊接系统5-2TOSATCS-MUTCS-MU-3L6.8+0/-0.1ØDØ1.62±0.01ØdØ1.246R0.1耦合的精确定位和固定L3.0~15.0±0.1ØD1.0~8.0±0.01ØdØ0.5~5.0±0.001说明额定极限值组件性能(FP)组件性能(DFB)管脚排列与极性图固定架选择图Hi-OptelTechnology激光器组件特点:固定架3125476返回5-2TOSA-机械设计5-2TOSATOSA工艺过程LD和LD管座固定调整耦合台点UV胶并照射插芯和插芯座固定入库末测老化YAG激光焊接5-2TOSATOSA的测试L-I-VIth30mA下Pf插拔30mA下△Pf连续3次≤0.2dBTOSA测试系统框图TrigSourceMeter2400DualPhotodiodeMeter2500IEEE-488InterfacePCSoftwareTECPDTECControl2510-ATSphereBD本系统适用于激光二极管中Chip,TO,Model各阶段的产品测试,其核心测试为L-I-V测试,根据不同用户的要求,可选配不同类型的积分球,温控器或数字多用表进行温控和其它参数的测试系统组成一台Model2400源表一台双通道光功率计2500一台带GPIB接口卡的PC为用户定做的专用程序5-2TOSATOSA的测试5-2TOSA•主要技术指标FP-TOSA光电参数符号最小值典型值最大值单位测试条件输出光功率LPF0.20.3-mWIF=Ith+20mAMPF0.81.0-mWIF=Ith+20mAHPF1.52.0-mWIF=Ith+20mA阈值电流Ith-1020mACW工作电流IOP-3060mA-工作电压VOP-1.11.5VIF=Ith+20mA中心波长1310nmλc128013101340nmIF=Ith+20mA1550nm148015501580上升、下降时间(10~90%)Tr/Tf-0.30.7nsIF=Ith+20mA监视电流Im0.10.5mAIF=Ith+20mA光谱宽度(RMS)1310nmΔλ-37nm-1550nm-375-2TOSA•DFB-TOSA主要技术指标光电参数符号最小值典型值最大值单位测试条件输出光功率PF1.52.0-mWIF=Ith+20mA阈值电流Ith-1020mACW工作电流IOP-3060mA-工作电压VOP-1.11.5VIF=Ith+20mA中心波长1310nmλc128013101340nmIF=Ith+20mA1550nm148015501580上升、下降时间(10~90%)Tr/Tf-0.30.7nsIF=Ith+20mA监视电流Im0.10.5-mAIF=Ith+20mA光谱宽度(-20dB)Δλ-1-nm-边模抑制比SMSR3040-dB-5-3ROSA含义:ReceiverOpticalSub-Assembly光接收组件(ROSA)分类:同轴封装(TO-CAN)其它结构TO46PIN-TIA、金属件、陶瓷套筒(sleeve)、陶瓷插芯(ferrule)5-3ROSAROSA的设计光学设计电路设计热设计机械设计PD的光敏面40~75mSM光纤芯径9m-0.5dB耦合容差~1.5m5-3ROSA-电路设计i、i1分别是1码和0码电平处噪声电流的RMS值;BER是误码率,为10-9时,Q=6;R是PIN-PD的光电转换效率;BWPD是PD带宽;RL是放大器的等效输入电阻;5-3ROSAW是i层厚度,Vsat是载流子最大漂移速度。