A Horse and Two Goats课文

Unit8AHorseandTwoGoatsWhatdoyouthinkmightcausemisun-derstandingincommunication?Whatfactorsareconsideredimportantinsuccessfulcommunication?Discussthefollowingquestions.Book3-Unit8Culturalnote:HinduGodsFactorsinSuccessfulCommunication1.Knowledgeofeachother’sbackgroundinformation(e.g.,whoarethey?Wherearetheyfrom?)2.Willingnessonbothpartiestonegotiatearesultfromtheconversation(e.g.,askingforclarification,offeringadditionalinformation,ormakingeffortsinvariousmeanssuchasbodylanguageofgestures,orfacialexpressions,etc.,tomakeone’smessageeasiertounderstand)3.Beingresponsivetoeachother(contributingtherequiredinformationrelevanttotheconcernsoftheotherparty,notmore,notlessinquantity)Book3-Unit8HinduGods:LordVishnuInthebasicHinduTrinityofBrahma,VishnuandShiva,theHindugodVishnuisthepreserverandprotectorofcreation.Vishnuistheembodimentofmercyandgoodness,theself-existent,all-pervadingpowerthatpreservestheuniverseandmaintainsthecosmicorderDharma.Book3-Unit8HinduGods:LordVishnu毗湿奴又称遍入天，印度教的另一位主神，被认为是宇宙的维护者，也是同恶魔作战的尖兵，他“有四手，分握轮宝，法螺，弓箭，莲花和仙杖。骑着大鹏金翅鸟（伽楼罗），肚脐上生一莲花，上坐梵天。”传说他有一千个称号，十个化身，分别为：鱼，龟，野猪，人狮，倭人，持斧罗摩，罗摩，黑天，佛陀，迦尔基。其中迦尔基为持宝剑，骑白马的救世主，肩付着与湿婆相同的任务即毁灭旧世界，建立新世界。而著名的鳊史诗《罗摩衍那》则是以毗湿奴的化身罗摩为主面，也可以看成是一曲毗湿奴的颂歌。AnOverviewofthe9PrincipalAvatarsofVishnuFirstincarnationofVishnu:MatsyatheFishSecondincarnationofVishnu:KurmatheTurtleThirdincarnationofVishnu:VarahatheBoarFourthincarnationofVishnu:NarasinghatheLionFifthincarnationofVishnu:VamanatheDwarfBook3-Unit8SixthincarnationofVishnu:ParasuramaSeventhincarnationofVishnu:RamEighthincarnationofVishnu:KrishnaNinthincarnationofVishnu:BuddhaTenthIncarnationofVishnu:KalkithehorsestilltocometotheearthattheendoftheKaliyugaorthepresentageofdecline.Book3-Unit8TextSummaryTextOrganizationQuestionforDiscussionDifficultSentencesDramaBook3-Unit8TextSummaryListentothetextandfillintheblankstocompletethesummaryofthetext.Thestoryisaboutan_________between__________________and_________________inIndia,neitherofwhom______________________________.Asaresult,theAmerican’sintentionof____________________________ismisunderstoodbytheIndianasanofferto________________.encounteranoldIndianvillageranAmericantouristunderstandtheother'slanguagebuyingthestatueofahorsebuyhistwogoatsBook3-Unit8TextOrganizationFirsthalfofthestorySecondhalfofthestoryFromthebeginningtoThen,heturnedtogo.(Para.11)FromTheotherseizedhisshoulder…(Para.12)totheendTheAmericantriedtostrikeaconversationaboutthestatueofthehorseheadmired,buttheoldmanmistookhimforapoliceofficerinvestigatingarecentmurderintheneighbourhood.Bothpartiestriedtoemploydifferentmeansofcommunicationtoworkouttheother’sintention.Butthemisunderstandingcontinuedandgotworse,finallyleadingtoahilariousendingwhentheAmericanwasleftalonewaitingwithtwothingoats.Book3-Unit81.Wheredidtheeventtakeplace?1)AmountainvillageinIndia,atthevillageentrance2)Thelocallanguage:Tamil,notEnglishasreadersmayassume1)Dowsing,notdoingmuch,orjustwatchingtwogoatsgrazeinthepasture2)Slowlife,boring,butapastoralstyle3)Notrich,poorvillageQuestionforDiscussion2.Whatwastheoldmandoingatthebeginningofthestory?Book3-Unit81)Apoliceofficer2)DressedinKhaki卡其色jacket,likeapolicemaninuniform3)Amurdernotlongagoinhisneighborhood1)Explainingeverythingatlength,utteringeachsyllablecarefully,pausingfromtimetotime2)Smilingpolitely,tryingtobefriendly3)Causingmoremisunderstandingthansuccessfulcommunication4.HowdidtheAmericantrytomaketheoldmanunderstandhimandwhatwastheresult?3.WhatdidtheoldmantaketheAmericantouristforatthebeginning?Andwhydidhethinkso?Book3-Unit81)Thehorse:asacredimage—afuturereincarnationasthetenthavatar2)Avatar——theGuardian,theRedeemer,tosavethevillagers,andpunishthewickedorevilsattheendoftheworld3)Thehorse:hopeoffutureblissandeternalhappinessforthevillagers5.Whatwasspecialaboutthehorseaccordingtotheoldman?Book3-Unit81)TheAmericanflourishedthe100-rupeenote,hiseyes,hispattingthegoatsonthebacks,etc.2)Hislong-timedreamtoexchangegoatsformoneyforhisprojectsFortheoldman:takingthegoatsawayinthatvehicleFortheAmerican:takingthehorsestatueawayinthatwagon7.WhatdidtheoldmanmeanbypointingatthewagonandwhatdidtheAmericanmeanbysayingYes,ofcourse?6.WhatmadetheoldmanbelievethattheAmericanwantedtobuyhistwogoats?Book3-Unit81)Nocommonlanguage(Languagebarrier)2)Lackofsharedinformationbetweenthem(TheAmericantouristhadnoknowledgeaboutthehorsestatue;hetookitasacommodity;buttheideaofsellingthehorsestatuewaslastthingthattheoldmanwouldthinkof.)3)Bodylanguageisausefulmeansofcommunicationinexpressingemotionssuchasanger,happiness,satisfied,orcomplacency,butverylimitedinitsinformativepowersuchasexpressingtheconceptofmurder,neighbourhood,avatar,agodcitizen,punishingtheevil,orgettinghelpforyou,etc.8.AnalyzethereasonsforthefailureofcommunicationbetweentheoldmanandtheAmericantourist.Book3-Unit8DifficultSentences在印度一个叫基瑞坦的小村庄的村口,屹立着一座魁伟的守护神。这座神像是一匹腾空跃起的骏马，它高昂着头，前蹄凌空，尾巴挥舞成圈。1.AttheentranceofthesmallIndianvillageofKiritan,therestoodamassiveguardianintheshapeofaprancinghorse,withhisheadheldhighproudly,hisforelegsintheairandhistailloopedupwithaflourish.havingth