国概课后问题答案1-5章

¿ÎºóÎÊÌâ´ð°¸£¨Ó¢¹ú²¿·Ö£©¡¡¡¡Chapter1landandpeople¡¡¡¡1.whatarethedifferencesbetweenBritainandtheBritishIsles£¬GreatBritain£¬England£¬theUnitedKingdomandtheBritishCommonwealth£¿TheBritishIsles£¬GreantBritinaandEnglandaregeographicalnames£¬notheofficialnamesofthecountry£¬whiletheofficialnameistheUnitedKingdom£¬butthefullnameistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.TheBritishCommonwealthisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritian.¡¡¡¡2.DescribethegeographicalpositionofBritian£¿¡¡¡¡Britainisanislandcountry.ItliesinthenorthAtlanticOceanoffthenorthcoastofEurope.ItisseparatedfromtherestofEuropebytheEnglishchannelinthesouthandtheNorthSeaintheeast.¡¡¡¡3.WhereaboutsinGreatBritainaremostlyhighlandandlowland£¿¡¡¡¡ThenorthandwestofBritainaremainlyhighland£¬whilethesouthandsouth-eastaremostlylowlands.¡¡¡¡4.DoesBritainhaveafavourableclimate£¿why£¿Yes£¬ithasafavourableclimate£¬becauseithasamaritimetypeofclimate¡ª¡ªwintersaremild£¬nottoocoldandsummersarecool£¬nottoohot.Ithasasteadyreliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear.Ithasasmallrangeoftemperature£¬too.¡¡¡¡5.whatarethefactorswhichinfluencetheclimateinBritain£¿WhichpartofBritainhasthemostrainfallandwhichpartisthedriest£¿ThefactorswhichinfluencetheclimateinBritainarethefollowingthree£º1£©Thesurroundingwatersbalancetheseasonaldifferences£»2£©theprevailingsouth-westwindsbringwarmandwetairinwinterandkeepthetemperaturesmoderate£»3£©theNorthAtlanticDrift£¬awarmcurrent£¬passesthewesterncoastoftheBritishIslesandwarmsthem.¡¡¡¡Thenorthwesternparthasthemostrainfall£¬whilethesouth-easterncorneristhedriest.¡¡¡¡6.DescribethedistributionofBritain¡®spopulation.¡¡¡¡Britainhasapopulationof57million.Itisdenselypopulated£¬withanaverageof237peoplepersquarekilometre.Itisalsoveryunevenlydistributed£¬with90%ofthepopulationinurbanareas£¬10%inruralareas.Geographically£¬mostBritishpeopleliveinEngland.Ofthetotalof57millionpeople£¬47millionliveinEngland£¬14millionliveinLondonandSoutheasternEngland.¡¡¡¡7.WhatarethethreenaturalzonesinScotland£¿ThethreenaturalzonesinScotlandare£ºtheHighlandsinthenorth£¬thecentralLowlands£¬andthesouthernUplands.¡¡¡¡8.WhatisthedifferencebetweentheancestorsoftheEnglishandScots£¬WelshandIrish£¿¡¡¡¡TheancestorsoftheEnglishareAnglo-Saxons£¬whiletheScots£¬WelshandrishareCelts.¡¡¡¡9.WhatarethedifferencesincharacterandspeechbetweensouthernEnglandandnorthernEngland£¿HowdotheWelshkeeptheirlanguageandculturealive£¿¡¡¡¡TheWelshareemotionalandcheerfulpeople.TheScotsarehospitable£¬generousandfriendly.IrishareknownfortheircharmandvivacityaswellasforthebeautyoftheirIrishgirls.¡¡¡¡ThroughouttheyeartheyhavefestivalsofsonganddanceandpoetrycalledEisteddfodau.OntheseoccasionscompetitionsareheldinWelshpoetry£¬music£¬singingandartandinthiswaytheykeeptheWelshlanguageandWelshculturealive.¡¡¡¡10.WhatisthemainprobleminNorthernIreland£¿¡¡¡¡HundredsofyearsagoScotsandEnglishProtestantsweresenttoliveinNorthernIreland.SincethentherehasbeenbitterfightingbetweentheProtestantsandtheRomanCatholics.Theformerarethedominantgroup£¬whilethelatterareseekingmoresocial£¬pliticalandeconomicapportunities.ThebritishGovernmentandthegovernmentofIrelandarenowworkingtogethertobringpeacetoNorthernIreland.¡¡¡¡Chapter2TheOriginsofaNation¡¡¡¡1.WhatdoyouknowabouttheRomaninvasionofBritain£¿¡¡¡¡In55BCand54BC£¬JuliusCaesar£¬aRomangeneral£¬invadedBritaintwice.InAD43£¬theEmperorClaudiusinvadedBritainsuccessfully.Fornearly400yearsBritainwasundertheRomanoccupation.Thoughitwasneveratotaloccupation.BritishrecordedhistorybeginswiththeRomaninvasion.¡¡¡¡2.WhywastheRomaninfluenceonBritainsolimited£¿¡¡¡¡BritainwasundertheRomanoccupationfornearly400years.TheRomansbuiltmanytowns£¬roads£¬baths£¬templesandbuildings.TheymakegooduseofBritain¡®snaturalresources.Theyalsobroughtthenewreligion£¬Christianity£¬toBritain.However£¬althoughBritainbecamepartoftheRomanEmpire£¬RomaninfluenceuponBritainwasverylimited.TheRomanstreatedtheBritainsasasubjectpeopleofslaveclass.theyneverintermarried.TheromanshasnoinfluenceonthelanguageorcultureofordinaryBritains.¡¡¡¡3.WhoweretheAnglo-SaxonsandhowdidtheHeptarchycomeintobeing£¿¡¡¡¡TheAnglo-SaxonsreferredtothethreeTeutonictribeswhoinvadedBritaininthemid-5thcentury.TheywereJutes£¬SaxonsandAngles.¡¡¡¡Inthe7thcentury£¬theAnglo-SaxonsinvadedBritainandthethreetribessettledindifferentpartofBritainwhichwasdividedintomanysmallkingdomsofKent£¬Sussex£¬Wessex£¬EastAnglia£¬MerciaandNorthumbria.SotheyhavebeengiventhenameofHeptarchy.¡¡¡¡4.HowweretheearlyAnglo-SaxonsconvertedtoChristainity£¿¡¡¡¡TheAnglo-SaxonsbroughttheirownTeutonicreligiontoBritainwhentheyinvadedBritain£¬andChristianitywasonlyafringebelief.So£¬in579£¬PopeGregoryIsentSt.AugustinetoEnglandtoconverttheheathenEnglishtoChristianity.Augustinewasverysuccessfulinconvertingthekingandthenobility£¬andbecamethefirstArchbishopofCanterbury.Buttheconversionofthecommonpeoplewaslargelyduetothemissionaryactivitiesofthemonksinthenorth.Manysamllmonasteriessprangupthroughouttheocuntry.¡¡¡¡5.WhatcontributionsdidtheearlyAnglo-SasonsmaketotheEnglishstate