Softener

SoftenerAbstractThispaperbrieflyintroducesthedevelopmentandtheclassificationmethodsofsoftener.Theclassification,characteristics,applicationstatusandimprovementofsiliconesoftenerareintroducedintensively.Thepaperalsogivessomesuggestionsforthedevelopmentofsiliconesoftener.Softenerisakindoffiberthatcanchangethechemicalmaterialstaticfrictioncoefficient.Whenthestaticfrictioncoefficientchanges，havingasenseofsmooth，beingeasytomoveinfiberfabric.Whenchangingthecoefficientoffriction，micro-structurebetweenfiberandfiberiseasytomove，namely，fiberfabriciseasytobeoutofshape.Thecompetitivefeelingissoft.Thevarietyanddosageofsoftenerisforemostinallkindsofauxiliaries.Organicsiliconsoftenerisakindofsoftenerthathassuperiorperformance,outstandingeffectandextensiveapplication.Thiskindofsofteningistheemulsionormicro-emulsionofpolysiloxaneaswellasderivative.Itnotonlycanmakefabricsofter,butalsocanresisttowearandpollution.Furthermore,ithasbeenappliedwidelyforvarioussectorsbecauseitcostsloweranddoesnotpolluteenvironment.ThedevelopmentofthesoftenerThefabricsoftenerasconventionalafter-dyingconditioningauxiliariesisapplicationbeforemorethanhalfacentury,anddevelopsveryrapidly.Itdevelopsfromtheearliestofsurfactantclasssoftenertopolymerclasssoftener,frompolymerpolyethylenewaxtoorganicsiliconpolymer,andfromdimethylsiliconepolymertohydrophilicorganicsiliconsoftener,modifiedorganicsiliconsoftenerandsoon。ClassificationofSoftener2.1classificationofSoftenerbyrawmaterial(1)OrgansilicontypeThesmootheffectofthissoftenerisgood.Butthebiggestmalpracticeofthissoftenerisexpensive,thatcostsmore.Whenused,itiseasytofloatoil.Itisnotsuitabletodevelopingrowingcompetitionofmodernindustry.(2)FilmtypeThemainoffilmtypeisfattyacidsalt.Itismoreconvenienttobeused.Butthiskindofsofteningusesmorefilms,socostishigher.Henceitisnotsuitablefortheneedsthatreducingthecomprehensivecostandimprovingindustrialprofit.(3)D1821：Thatisdoubleeighteenalkyltwomethylammoniumchloride.Thebiggestdrawbackofthissofteningis：poorbiodegradation，gettingyellowseriously.Withtheincreasingawarenessofthepublicandrequirementsofenvironmentalprotectionquality，thiskindofproductcan'tmeettheneedsofthedevelopmentofthesociety.(4)EsterbasequaternaryammoniumsaltSoftperformanceofthiskindofsoftenerisstable,biodegradationisprominentanddosageissmall.Itcanmakeclothesfadeslowlyandhasthefunctionofsterilizationanddisinfection.Itcansaythisisthetrendoffuturesoftenerindustryproducingsoftening.(5)GeminicationicsoftenerThisproductisthespecialstructureGeminicationicsurfactant.Thespecialstructureresistsitsseparatedforceintheprocessoftheheadandorderlygathered.Itgreatlyincreasesthesurfaceactivity.Atthesametime,thisproducthasverylowercriticalmicellesconcentrationthanconventionalsinglealkylammoniumsaltanddoublealkyl.Asaresult,inthesamecircumstances,itgreatlyreducesthedosage.Itiswidelyusedforefficientsoftener,antistaticagent,leaveningagent,germicide,theammoniumsaltofcationicsurfactantsynergisticagent.2.2Accordingtothechemicalcompositiontoclassify(1)Thenon-siliconsoftener：longchainfattype,suchasfilm，filmessence;fattyacidamidetype;specialfattyacidester;specialalkylaminobeanieclass;seniorfatamidekindquaternaryaminecompounds;(2)Containingsiliconsoftener:epoxyandmodifiedpolyethersiliconeoil,aminomodifiedsilicone;(3)Naturaloilsandparaffinwax;2.3Accordingtotheappliedpropertytoclassify(1)Hydrophilic:polyetheraminomodifiedsiliconeoil;(2)Waterrepellency:aminomodifiedsilicone;(3)Complextype:film(softoil)andsiliconeoilarepreparedatacertainproportiontomakesoftener.(4)Smoothtype;(5)Softtype;(6)Blousedsilhouette;3.ClassificationandperformancecharacteristicsofOrganicsiliconsoftenerSofar,accordingtotheeffectiveingredients,organicsiliconsoftenercanbedividedintoinactiveorganicsiliconsoftener,activeorganicsiliconsoftenerandmodifiedsiliconsoftener.3.1inactiveorganicsiliconsoftenerThiskindofsoftenerismostlysimethicone;itcanmakethefabricbettersoftnessandthermostability.Becausethedegreeofpolymerizationisnothigh,soitcannotcrosslinkinganddoesn'treactonfiber.Soitcan'tdirectlyuseassoftenerandmustbemadefromsiliconeemulsionundertheactionofemulsifiertoapplytothefabric.Thiscanincreasethewashability.TheexampleistheDICSiliconsoftenerofJapan.Therefore,suchsofteneriscalledthefirstgenerationoforganicsiliconsoftener.3.2activeorganicsiliconsoftenerThissofteneruseshydroxyl(OH)toinsteadthelinearofDMPSandmakesithydrophilic.Thisisso-calledorganicsiliconhydroxylmilk.Ithasmorekindsofproducts.Notonlycanbeusedalone,butalsocanreactwithotherorganicsilicontoformmolecularfilmthatcannotdissolveinwater.Sothefabricthatissortedhascertaineffectofwaterproofandwashing.TheexampleisDowCorning1111andUltratexFSA.Soitiscalledthenextgenerationoforganicsiliconsoftener.3.3modifiedorganicsiliconsoftenerModifiedorganicsiliconsoftenerdevelopedinthe70s.Ithasbeenusedtodealwithmanyproducts.Atpresent,itcontinuestoberesearchedanddevelopedathomeandabroad.Throughbringingintovariousactivegroups,hydrophilyandwashabilityhasbeenenhanced.Duetovariousactivegroups,fabrichasdifferentstyles.Thiskindofsoften