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译林出版社8年级上英语Unit3知识点1.Whatareyougoingtodo,Eddie？1）begoingto+动词原形，一般将来时，表示打算或计划做某事。be随句子主语的人称和数量变化而变化。We’regoingtobuyanewTVtomorrow.HeisgiongtoplayfootballwithhisfriendsthisSunday.2）一般将来时的其他表达形式为：will+动词原形，shall+动词原形。2.Youneedtoexerciseandkeepfit.1）need意为“需要”，可作实义动词和情态动词A．实义动词：need+名词/动词不定式Ineedmuchmoremoney.You’retoofat,youneedtoexercise.B．need+v.ing形式时表示被动意义Theflowersneedwatering.Yourclothesneedwashing.C．need做情态动词时，不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语；在句中放在谓语动词之前,谓语动词前若有助动词,则在助动词之前；疑问句中,则在主语之前。多用在否定句或疑问句中；无人称和数的变化；否定式构成是在后面加not。Youneednotattendthemeetingtomorrow.Youdidn'tneedtotellhimthenews;itjustmadehimsad.2）exercisev.锻炼、训练Youdon’texerciseenough.3）exercisen.“练习”和“早操”讲，是可数名词。IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youmustdomoreexercises.Theydomorningexerciseseverymorning.词汇运用：OurEnglishteacheroftentellsustodomany________(exercise)afterclass.3.Let’senjoyourselves.1）let’s引导的句子为祈使句，后面加动词原形Let’sgo!2）enjoyonesflf意为“玩的开心”，相当于haveagood/great/wonderfultime或者havefun.onesflf是反身代词，它包括ourselves我们自己；yourself你自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他/它/她们自己；itself它自己；himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己Theyenjoyedthemselvesduringtheholiday.3）反身代词的常用句型enjoyoneself---helponeselftoteachoneselfsth=learnsthbyoneselfhurtoneself伤到自己keepsthtooneself把…放在某人自己心里leavesbalonebyoneself把某人独自留下lookafteroneself=takecareofoneself照顾自己4）enjoysth./doingsth.,相当于like,loveMylittlesisterenjoysreadingpicturebooks.例题：---Hi,guys.Howwasyourpartyyesterday?---Wonderful!Wehadabigmealandenjoyed__________.A.themselvesB.myselfC.yourselvesD.ourselves4.Howwideisthebridge?1）特殊疑问句常以how,what开头。How+形容词(long,wide,tall,high)+be+主语?例如howmany,howmuch,howlong,howoften,howsoon....2）wideadj.宽的，宽广的，引申为范围大的，广泛的。Hehaswideknowledgeonthesubject.他对于那个问题有渊博的知识。3）wideadv.广泛的，张的很大的。Openyourmouthwide,sothatImayseeclearlywhat'swrongwithyourteeth.把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。4）widelyadv.wide通常表示范围或程度的极点,widely通常表示范围或程度的广大，常常不可丈量。Hehastravelledwidely.他曾遍游各地。翻译：①他把门开得大大的。Heopenedthedoorwide.②英语在世界范围内广泛使用。Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.5.Thebridgeismadeofsteel,isn’tit?1）bemadeof意为“由…制成”，强调从成品中可以看得出原材料。Thedeskismadeofwood.桌子由木头制成。2）bemadefrom也是“由…制成”的意思,强调从成品中看不出原材料。Paperismadefromwood.纸是由木头制成的。3）bemadein“由…制造”，强调产地ThiskindofmachineismadeinChina.4）bemadeby“被…（人）制造”，说明制造者是谁Thisshipismadebytheworkers.注意：bemadebyhand意思是手工制造bemadeupof由....组成5）该句是反义疑问句，前肯后否，前否后肯。例题1：用(up)of,from,by,in填空Mysweaterismade_________wool.Ourteachertoldusthatwaterwasmade________oxygenandhydrogen.例题2：①Fewofthemhurtthemselvesintheaccidentlastnight,________A.don’ttheyB.didn’ttheyC.didtheyD.dothey②Hissisterhadabadcough,______she?A.wasn’tB.doesn’tC.hadn’tD.didn’t5.Takecare!1）takecare保重，通常用于信件或告别语。2）take(good)careof=lookaftersb.(well)翻译：我会照顾你的孩子的。6.YesterdayKitty’steacherMr.WuinvitedmetojointheirschooltriptotheWorldPark.1）invitev.邀请invitesb.todosth.意为“邀请某人做某事”Iinvitedhimtojoinourclub.invitesb.tosp.意为“邀请某人去某地”Amyinvitedmetoherbirthdayparty.2）invitationn.邀请；邀请函；招待；招致，引诱Iappreciateyourinvitation.感谢你的邀请。3）join意为“加入、参加”，表示加入某个组织、党派或社会团体从而成为其成员。jointhepioneer加入少先队jointhearmy参军joinin也是“加入、参加”，多指参加比赛或活动，joinin=takepartin+活动，joinsbindoingsth加入某人做某事Whydidn’tyoujoininthetalklastnight?4）join,join,takepartin,attend区别：join指参加某团体或组织成为其中一员或参加活动，常加club,Party等。attend主要指“到场”或“出席”会议、宴会、典礼、仪式等，如：class,meeting等。takepartin指参加一项工作,在其中分担一部分,也指参加活动并积极工作，如activity等。例题：用join/joinin/takepartin/attend的适当形式填空。①We'regoingtovisittheflowershowtomorrow.Willyou__________us?②Howmanycountries_________thelastOlympicGames?③Hedidn't_______-schoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.④Alltheleaguemembers_______themeeting,atwhichtenstudents_______theleague.⑤Willyou_______us_______playingbasketball?7.Wefinallyarrivedatthepark.1）arriveat意为“到达”，arriveat+小地点（如村、镇、车站等），arrivein也是“到达”，arrivein+大地点（如国家、大城市等）2）arrive,get,reach区分都有“到达”的意思，arrive和get都是不及物动词，前者较正式，后者较口语化。两者之后均不可直接加宾语，但可接here,there,home之类表地点的副词作状语。Wegot/arrivedherelastnight.要表示“到达某地”，arrive要借助介词in或者at；而get其后需接介词to，Whenwegottothepark,itbegantorain.reach是及物动词，后面直接跟地点名词作宾语，reachNanjing到南京。Reach之后也可接here,there,home等词。例题：①---Whenwilltheplane___________?---Inanhour.A.reachB.arriveinC.gettoD.arrive②TheyarrivedShanghaiacoldmorning.A.in:inB.in:onC.at:onD.at:in8.Therearemodelsofmorethanahundredplacesofinterestfromallovertheworld.1）morethan=over超过Thiscityhasapopulationofmorethan1,000,000.这个城市人口超过一百万。2）数词用法①当前面有数词以及many，several等词修饰时，这三个词用单数形式，后面直接跟复数名词。Twohundredoldpeoplediedofcoldlastwinter.去年冬天200名老人被冻死。②当这几个词前面没有数词而后面有of时，则一定要用复数形式，表示数百、数千等笼统的数目概念。hundredsofdollars数百美元3）interest(使...感兴趣)是完全及物动词。Englishinterestshimalot.英文使他很感兴趣。4）interestedadj.人作主语interesting物作主语sb+beinterestedinsth.对....感兴趣Itriedtotellhimaboutit,buthejustwasn'tinterested.我想把这件事告诉他，可他简直不感兴趣。Iaminterestedinfindingthetruthofthestory.我对寻找这个故事的真实性很感兴趣。5）interest是名词，有复数形式，show/developinterestinsth.对....产生兴趣Musicanddancingarehisinterests.音乐和跳舞是他的兴趣。例题：①Several_______newbooksweresoldoutlastweek。A.ofthousandB.thousandsC.thousandofD.thousand②Thestoryis_______andallofusare_______init.A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interested;interestingD.interesting；interested9.Luckily,someclimbershelpedSimon.1）luckn