句子类型简单句并列句复合句Ⅰ.简单句1.Thingschanged.2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.5.Ifoundthebookeasy.主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语‹›主+谓+宾+宾补Nobodywent.Shebecameadoctor.Thecarcaughtfire.Iwillwriteyoualongletter.Iwilllethimgo.Practice‹›主+谓主+谓+表主+谓+宾主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语主+谓+宾+宾补句子成分Thecutegirl,theloveofhislife,canmakehimhappyeveryday.主定谓状宾(表)同位语补Ⅱ.并列句Thisismeandthesearemyfriends.Theymuststayinwater,ortheywilldie.It’snotcheap,butitisverygood.Itwaslate,soIwenttobed.andorbutsoHeknockedatthedoor;therewasnoanswer.You’realive!Andshe’sdead.名词性从句状语从句定语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句Ⅲ.复合句Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Hesaidthathedidn’tlikeher.定语从句定语:修饰名词、代词的词或短语,译为.....的Thelittlegirlneedsabluepen.定语从句:修饰名词、代词的句子,放在被修饰的词后,译为.....的Theboywhoalwaysforgetstodohishomeworkismybrother.定语从句三要素:1.先行词(被修饰的词):人、物、时间、地点、原因、句子2.关系词:人who/whom/that/whose;物which/that;时间when;地点where;原因why;句子which/as3.从句一、修饰人:先行词在从句中做主语,关系词不能省,作宾语则可省例:1.Iranintothegirlwho/thatsecretlymakeeyesatmeinclassyesterday.2.Heistheteacher(who/whom/that)Iadmire.3.Ihatethosegirlswhosenostrilsarebig.4.Theroomwhosedoorwasbrokenismyclassroom.5.SheisthefriendwithwhomIcansharesecret.whom/whoIcansharesecretwith1.他就是那个托福考80分的学生。2.刚和你聊天的那个外国人是我的学生。3.家里有钱的孩子都没有吃过苦。Thekidswhosefamiliesarerichneverexperiencehardships.二、修饰物:例4.Footballisagamewhich/thatislikedbymostboys.5.Thisisthecomputer(which/that)heboughtyesterday.翻译:我今天早上在离学校100米远的那家餐馆吃早餐。Ihadbreakfastintherestrauntwhichis100mawayfromourschoolthismorning.你昨天借给我的那本书不见了。Thebookwhichyoulentmeyesterdaydisappeared.•只能使用that,不用which/who的情况:•(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。•Allthathesaidistrue.•(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,many,much等词修饰时。•Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.•(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。•Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.•(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。•Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.•(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。•Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatheremembered.•(6)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时•Thiswillbethelastchancethathecanget.这将会是他得到的唯一机会。•(7).当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时。•Whichisthebookthatheboughtfromthelibraryyesterday?•哪本是你们昨天从图书馆借的书?三、修饰时间状语when=介词+which例:6.Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichIfirstcametoNewOriental.IfirstcametoNewOrientalonMarch,3rd.翻译:我和女朋友相聚的日子终于快要到了。Thedaywhen/onwhichIwillmeetwithmygirlfriendiscoming.我依然记得我们一起度过的那一天。Istillrememberthedaywhich/thatwespenttogetherWespentadaytogether..四、修饰地点例:7.Thehousewhere/inwhichIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.翻译:沈阳是我出生的地方。我去年买的那个房子很漂亮。Thehousewhich/thatIboughtlastyearisbeautiful.Universityistheplacethatteachesusknowledge.Universityistheplacewherewecanlearnknowledge.Weliveintheworldwhereallpeoplewantsuccess.五、修饰原因•例:8.Isthisthereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedouroffer?•翻译:我不知道她不高兴的原因。限制性定语从句:对不确定的先行词加以限制,表示“……的人(或东西)。例:Themanwhorobbedhimhasbeenarrested.非限制性定语从句:对已知先行词补充说明,用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句拿掉以后,对剩下的部分并没有多大的影响。不能用that,why引导。Peter,whohadbeendrivingallday,suggestedstoppingatthenexttown.翻译:1.学校旁边的酒店提供非常好的服务。Thehotelthatisneartheschoolprovidesgoodservice.2.假日酒店在学校旁边,它提供非常好的服务。TheHolidayInn,whichisneartheschool,providesveryservice.3.亲密敌人是由徐静蕾导演的,是一部成功的商业片。DearEnemy,whichisdirectedbyXu,isasuccessfulcommercialmovie.4.徐静蕾最近导演的那部电影是一部成功的商业片。ThefilmthatisdirectedbyXuisa七、As,Which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个句子区别:as引导的从句可放句首;which不能放句首例:1.Asisknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2.Hewasnotunconscious,whichcouldbejudgedfromhiseyes.翻译:1.如上所述,工作经验对年轻人来说很重要。Asissaidbefore/above,workexperienceisveryimportantfortheyoung.2.Angelababy收到了哈佛大学的邀请函,这对她来说是个巨大的惊喜。定语从句在托福写作中的应用翻译:1.只有那些个人素质突出、能够在不同的环境下都表现良好的毕业生,才可能在应聘中脱颖而出。Graduatedstudentswhohavegoodqualitiesandperformwellindifferentsituationscandistinguishthemselvesfromothersinjobinterviews.•2.广告引诱青少年们去追求奢侈的生活方式,这不仅不现实,而且还容易将青少年引入歧途。Advertisementswhichtemptteeanagerstopursueluxiouslifeisnotonlyunrealisticbutalsomayleadteenagersastrayeasily.3.很多学生通宵玩游戏,这不仅影响他们的学习,还容易引发各种疾病。Manystudentsplaygamesforthewholenight,whichnotonlyaffecttheirstudybutalsocausevariousdiseases.定语从句总结1.意义2.分类3.关系词Morepractice1、找一份可以满足你所有要求的工作很花费时间。2、那些受父母溺爱的孩子容易被生活的困难击倒。3、来自同龄人的压力是学生无法远离麻烦的一个原因。4、有些人强烈反对动物权益保护者提出的建议。Tips:强烈反对:bestronglyagainst动物权益保护者:animal-rightsactivists提出:setforth;putforward建议:proposal;suggestion;advice5、积极的生活方式是使人不会发胖的关键要素。Tips:积极的生活方式:thewholesomelifestyle使人不会:prevent…from…关键要素:keyfactor发胖:getoverweight.7、生活在小城镇里的人通常会有一种非常舒适的生活方式。Tips:小城镇:smalltown舒适:comfortable生活方式:lifestyle8、老板必须持有职业的态度,这种态度为所有雇员作出榜样。Tips:职业的:professional态度:attitude为……树立榜样:setsanexamplefor…雇员:employee9、既令人愉快又必要的事和既不令人愉快又不必要的事几乎都不存在。Tips:事情:things既…又…:both…and愉快:enjoyable不愉快:unenjoyable必要:necessary不必要:unnecessary存在:exist11.家长应该培养孩子们学会独立,这对孩子将来的发展非常有好处。10、我们生活在一个人人都想获得成功的世界里。Tips:想要:wantto获得成功:tobesuccessful经典的定语从句11、天助自助者。12、不去翻动的书本不过是一块砖头。13、成功是一个从内心开始的过程。14、你一定要去做自己认为做不到的事情。15、不想当将军的士兵不是好士兵。16、没有不能走的路。17、谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。