2017年中考英语考点总动员系列(解析版):专题19强调句

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强调句型讲解“强调”就是使句子的某一部分比一般情况下显得更加重要。英语表达中,要强调句子的某一成分,一般可用强调句型“Itis(was)+that(who)+句子的其余部分”。It在句中无意义,只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时,除可用that外,还可换用who(强调宾语指人时也可用whom)。使用强调句型时,应注意以下事项:一、去掉强调结构Itis(was)…that(who)…后,剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。试比较:1.Itisstrangethathedidn’tcomeyesterday.2.ItisyouandTomthatdidn’tcomeyesterday.显然,句1去掉Itis…that…后,句子结构不完整,是主语从句;句2去掉Itis…that…后,句子变为youandTomdidn’tcomeyesterday.仍是一个表意完整的句子,这是一个强调句。再如:1.Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay____matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this答案A。这是一个强调主语的强调句型,去掉强调结构,剩下的是Whatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaymatters.表意完整。2.Thatwasreallyasplandidevening.It’syears____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.whenB.thatC.beforeD.since答案D。由强调句型的判断方法可知,该句不是强调句型。It指时间,句意为:好几年我没有这么高兴了。since的意思是“自从那个时候起”。二、如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时,不可用when,where,why或how,而仍用that。试比较:Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentwhyhewaslate.(误),Itwasbecauseoftheaccidentthathewaslate.(正)。再如:1.Itwasnotuntilmidnighttheyreachedthecampsite.A.thatB.whenC.whileD.as答案A。该题强干扰项是B,考生容易因强调时间状语untilmidnight而误选。2.Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.(06辽宁)A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as答案A。该句强调时间状语从句afterhegotwhathehaddesired,题干意思是“得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要”。不要误选B。3.ItwasinNewZealand___ElizabethfirstmetMr.Smith.A.thatB.howC.whichD.when答案A。强调地点状语inNewZealand.三、注意强调句型的否定句和疑问句形式,在这方面很容易因弄不清句子结构而错选。如:1.Ijustwonder____thatmakeshimsoexcited.A.whyitdoesB.whathedoesC.howitisD.whatitis答案D。正常语序的强调句型容易看出,但要注意它的变体。如果把该题变换一下语序:itiswhatthatmakeshimsoexcited,不难看出这是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式,强调了疑问代词what,因为wonder后宾语从句,故用了陈述语序。2.Itwasnotuntilshegothome____Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before答案B。如果去掉强调结构,该句是一个“not…until”句型:Jenniferdidn’trealizeshehadlostherkeysuntilshegothome.要强调时间状语untilshegothome,这时要把主句中的否定词not放在was之后。四、强调主语时,that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语;be的变化只有is和was两种形式,如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形式时,就用Itis…,表达过去时的各种形式时,用Itwas….一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如:1.ItisIwho/thatamanEnglishteacher.2.Itistheboywho/thatspeaksEnglishbestintheclass.3.ItwasonSundaythathegaveGeorgethisticket.4.Itisthelittlegirlwho/thathasbrokentheglass.五、在复习中有可能把Itis/was…that句式都误认为是强调句型的几种情况:1、把具有实际意义的指示代词it后面接is/was…that误认为是强调句式。---Wheredidyougettoknowher?---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where答案D。该句易误作强调句型,所以A是强干扰项。这里whereweworked是定语从句,修饰thefarm。It指“与她相识”这件事。该题很容易受思维定势的影响而拒绝选D,因为平日教学老师一再强调,用强调句型时即使强调地点状语,也不能用where而用that。该句如果要用itwas…that强调句型的话,可改写为“ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.”2、把it指时间、天气、距离、环境等后接be的情形误以为是强调句型。Itwastwentymilesfromourcitytothevillage____theaccidenthappened.A.thatB.whenC.thenD.where答案D。本题貌似Itwas…that强调句型,其实不然。句中It表示距离,where引导地点状语从句。3、把Itis/was…that结构的主语从句误认为是强调句型。TheForeignMinistersaid,“____ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis答案D。如果选A和C,指示代词This和That在句中找不出指代的内容,选B意义不通。故选D。虽然选Itis后题干中出现了Itis…that结构,但这不是强调句型。很明显,题干中的that从句应是主语从句,所缺的是形式主语。4、____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomyA.AsB.ThatC.ThisD.It答案D。如果去掉Itis…that,中间的ourbelief就无法处理,因此该句不是强调句型,而是一个复合句,It是形式主语,that引导真正主语。强调句型Itis/was…that/who主要用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语或表语。如果要强调谓语动词,应该用代动词do及其变形does或did,这三种形式常用在谓语动词之前,以加强语气。它一般只能强调现在时与过去时。如:IdowishIcould.我真希望我能。Hedoeslookwell.他的确看起来气色很好。Youdidgivemeafright.你真把我给吓了一跳六、使用本句型的几个注意事项1.被强调成分是主语,who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。e.g.ItisIwhoamright.e.g.Itishewhoiswrong.e.g.Itisthestudentswhoarelovely.2.如果被强调的成分有同位语,同位语也应提前。Itwasfromhim,hischemistryteacher,thatPaullearnedtowatchcarefullyinclass.3.被强调成分是作主语的代词,用主格,是作宾语的代词,用宾格Itwashethathelpedmeyesterday.Itwasmethathehelpedyesterday.4.被强调部分既包括人又包括物,用that不用wholtwasthethingsandpeoplethattheyrememberedthattheyweretalkingabout.Itwaslastnight___Isawthecar.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which答案C.强调句的结构是:It+be+强调部分+that(who)+主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用who,其余用that。Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright___isofimportance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this解析:选C。考查强调句型,that是强调句型的结构词,句意是“重要的不是谁正确,而是什么是正确的。”1.---Wereallthreepeopleinthecarinjuredintheaccident?---No,___onlythetwopassengerswhogothurt.A.itwasB.thereisC.itwereD.therewas2.---Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?---___thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare3.Shewasabouttogoout____thetelephonerang.A.thatB.whereC.thenD.when4.Itwaswhathesaid___disappointedme.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.when5.____thatgoldisnotwidelyusedasaconductor导体?A.WhyisB.IsitwhyC.WhyisitD.Whyisthat6.---Ican’tfindMr.Smith.Wheredidyoumeethimthismorning?---Itwasinthehotel___hestayed.A.thatBwhichC.theoneD.where7.Itwasinthesmallhousethatwasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather___hespenthischildhood.A.thatB,whereC,whichD.who8.Itwas___itwasrainingsohardthatwehadtostayathomeallday.A.sinceB.forC.asD.because9.Isitthreehours____theboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?A.that;B.thatittakes;C.whichittakes;D.when;10.Itwaswithoutsayinggoodbye__herfatherlefther.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.inwhich11.Itisawinternight___hespentwithme.A.thatB.whereC.asD.when12Itistheyoungman___lookedfor___caughtthemurderer.A.that;whoB.that;theyC.they;thatDthey;which13.Itwas____myteacherworked____Iworkhard.A.where;thatB.where;whereC.that;thatD.that;where14.Itwasevening__wereachedthelittleto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