通用工程英语听说教程(下)原文及翻译[精品文档]

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Unit11SiteInspection(2)U11/SectionASomeTipsforSiteInspection(P67-69)Thepreviousunitreferredtothegeneraltipsforhostingsiteinspections(工地检查),whilethisunitaimstointroducethegeneralideasofhowtoprepareinspectorsforcarryingoutsiteinspectionsmoreefficiently,especiallyhelpfulforthoseyounginspectorswhoarenotsoexperienced.上一单元提到了主持接待工地检查的一些通用技巧,而本单元旨在介绍检查员应该如何准备,以便更有效地执行工地检查工作的一些总体(工作)思路,这对于那些经验不足的年轻检查员来说尤其有帮助。Begoal-oriented目标明确Mostengineeringprojectsinvolvemanyconstructionproceduresanddifferentsites,so,inordertoimplementsupervisionandmaintaintheprojectquality,therearemanyobjectstobeinspectedonthesite,suchasthetemporaryfacilities,formworks,reinforcementworks,concreteworks,steelstructureworks,pipingandelectricalworks,roofingandwaterproofing,finishingworks,safetymanagement,andsoon.Sortouttheobjectsandstepsofinspectionsothatthecontractorcanprovidedirectassistanceandenoughinformation.大多数工程项目涉及很多施工程序和不同的施工工地,因此,为了实施工程监督,保证工程质量,工地上有很多项目需要检查,例如临时设施﹑(浇筑)模板﹑加固工程﹑混凝土工程﹑钢结构工程﹑管道和电气工程﹑屋顶和防水处理工程﹑终饰工程﹑安全管理工作等等。检查员要分类整理好被检查的对象,明确检查的各个步骤,以便承包商能够提供直接的帮助和足够的信息。Schedulegoodtiming(计划)安排好检查的时机Timethesiteinspectionflexibly,takingthedifferences—inspectinggoals,objects,andweather—intoconsideration.灵活安排工地检查时机,把不同的检查目标﹑检查对象以及天气的差异情况列入考虑范围。Iftheinspectionneedsthepreparationandtheassistanceofthecontractor,callthereceptiondeskaheadofschedule,givingthelatterenoughtimetogetready.Iftheinspectionaimstochecktheinstantconstructionstate,asuddeninspectionisworthconsidering,withoutinformingthecontractorbeforethat.如果检查需要承包商的准备和协助,请提前通知接待处(前台),给他们足够的时间准备。如果检查的目的是要检查即时施工状态,那么不提前通知承包商,值得考虑进行一次突击检查(或“进行一次突击检查是值得考虑的”)。It’sbettertocarryouttheinspectioninfairweatherbecausetheextremeweathermaybringaboutdowntime(停工期)oftheconstruction,especiallyforthoseoutdoorworking.最好在好天气时进行检查,因为极端天气可能会导致施工的停工,尤其是那些户外施工作业。Bearmedwithtestingdevices配备测试装置Itmaysoundlikeano-brainer,butbeingequippedwithnecessarytestingdeviceswillsaveyoufromthetroublesaskingforhelpwhenneeded.Whattotakedependsonthedifferentinspectingobjects.Butatapemeasure(卷尺)isamustnomatterwhatandwheretoinspect.Itiseasytotakebutcanworkwondersincheckingsteelbars,carpenterworkingandothersimpleworks.Whenamoreaccuratetestingisgoingon,thetotalstation,theodolite,orgradientershouldbeadopted.Undoubtedly,thecontractorwillbewillingtoprovidethosecomparativelymoresophisticateddevicesonthesitewhenaskedto.这听起来似乎很简单,但是装备这些必要的测试设备,可以在你需要寻求帮助时避免不必要的麻烦。要配备哪些装置取决于不同的检查对象。但是无论在哪里检查以及检查什么,卷尺都是必须的。虽然它很容易携带,但它可以在检查钢筋,木匠工作和其他简单工作中会产生奇效。当要进行更精确的测试时,应采用全站仪、经纬仪或水平仪。毫无疑问,当被要求时,承包商愿意在现场提供那些相对比较精密的设备。Observesafetyregulationsonworksite遵守工地安全规章制度Thesafetyregulationsontheengineeringworksiteshouldbestrictlyobservedbyalltheengineersandworkers,letalonetheinspectors.所有工程师和工人都应严格遵守工程施工现场的安全规程(规章制度)要求,更不用说检察员们了。Beforegettingclosetotheworksite,learnaboutthespecificsafetyregulationsofthetargetinspectingzone.在接近工地之前,要了解目标检查区域的具体安全规则。AsktheH.S.E.departmenttoprovidethesafetyhelmets,reflectivegear,protectiveshoesandsoon.Andthespecialinsulatingprotectivegearincludinggloves,bootsandovershoesareneededwheninspectingtheelectricalworks.要求健康安全环保部门(HS.E部门)提供安全头盔、反光装置、防护鞋等等。另外,在检查电气工程时,要求提供特殊的绝缘保护装置,包括手套、靴子和绝缘套鞋等。Keepadistancefromtheworkingtruckcranes,wheelcranes,towercranes,gantrycranes,etc.,toavoidunexpectedinjuryfromfallingobjects.要注意与正在工作中的卡车起重机、轮式起重机、塔式起重机、龙门起重机等等保持一定距离,以避免因坠落物体而造成意外伤害。Asktheprofessionaltechnicianstooperatethemechanicalorelectricalequipment.要求专业的技术人员来操作机械或电气设备。Becautiousaboutthegroundonthesite,preventingfromfallingdownwhenitistooslipperyandfrombeinghurtbythewood,nails,steelbarsandsoon.所伤要当心工地的地面,防止因地面太滑而摔倒,也要避免被木头、钉子、钢筋等所伤。Askdirectquestionsandbeobjective直接提问,保持客观Oncetheleadpersonfromthecontractorisidentified,keeptheoverallcontactwithhimduringtheinspection.Itisnotnecessarytobeatroundthebushbuttocuttothechase.一旦承包商确定了项目负责人,在检查期间,应与他保持全面联系。没必要说话时拐弯抹角兜圈子,而是要开门见山直入正题。Bestraightforwardtotheleadpersonwhenaskingfordesigndrawings,constructionrecords,testingreports,andotherdocumentsnotinvolvingconfidentialinformation.需要看设计图纸、施工记录、测试报告和其它未涉及机密信息的文件时,应直接坦率地告诉项目负责人。Asktheengineersorworkersdirectlyabouttheconstructionprogress,procedures,technicalrequirements,materialstandard,etc.,togetinformationinamoreefficientway.直接询问工程师或工人们关于施工进度,施工程序,技术要求和材料标准等等问题,从而更高效地获得信息。Pointouttheproblems,ifexisting,andsetthedeadlineanddemandsofrectification.Itmaybealittlecallousbutitwillturnouttobethemosthelpfulwayforbothsides.如果项目存在问题的话,指出存在的问题,并确定整改的期限和要求。这看上去显得有点不近人情,但它将会是对双方最有帮助的方式。Keeprecords保存记录Inordertorecordtheinspectionfindingsonthesite,theinspectorcannotedownthedetailsinvariousforms.Itisagoodideatoprepareasheetcoveringallthoseobjectstobeinspectedbeforegoingtothesite.Inaddition,onthisinspectionsheet,manyissuescanalsobeincluded,suchastheevaluationcriteria,evaluationgrades,problemsexisting,factorscontributingtotheproblems,rectificationinstructions,andrectificationdeadlines,etc.Acarefully-designedandcomprehensiveinspectionsheetcanbehelpfulfortheinspectortocarryouttheworkonthesiteandreporttheinspectionwhenfinished.为了记录在现场的检查发现,检查员可以用多种方式记录细节。在去现场之前,准备一个涵盖所有被检查对象的表格是一个好主意。另外,在这个检查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