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【中考一轮复习课件】名词的数一、目标导学1.掌握不可数名词量的表示法；2.掌握常用名词复数的构成；二．重难点可数名词与不可数名词的区别及用法；名词专有名词特定的人或地点，首字母应大写例：NewYork,YaoMing普通名词可数名词不可数名词能够以数计算的事物的名词不能以数计算的事物的名词单数名词复数名词例：液体，气体等。milk,water,air…例：pen,student,flower…普通名词指一般的人或事物例：apple,pen,doctor金木水火土，肉面食茶布考点一：不可数名词不可数名词抽象类：friendship;love;happiness液体类：water;drink;juice肉类：meat;fish;pork;beef材料类：wood;metal;paper;rice;sand其他：information;news1.不可数名词不能直接被a,an或one,two等数词修饰。apaper(X)twobread(X)2.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，词同义不同。glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)–awork(著作)time(时间)–times(次数)chicken(鸡肉）-achicken(小鸡）易错点Summary(归纳小结)关于不可数名词量的表达1、不可数名词前可以用much,little,alittle等词修饰。_________salt______milk（一点儿盐/许多牛奶）2、some,any,alotof,lotsof既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。__________tea/__________oranges(一些/茶/橙子)__________money/__________plans（许多钱/计划）3、表示不可数名词具体的数量，可以用“不定冠词/基数词+计量词+of+不可数名词”。________news(一则新闻)__________paper(两张纸）______juice（一瓶果汁)__________tea(两杯茶）alittlemuchsomesomealotofalotofapieceoftwopiecesofabottleoftwocupsof即讲即练选择合适的答案填空（）1.Thereis___homeworktodotoday.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.fewD.afew()2.Eating___meatisgoodforourhealth.A.manyB.moreC.lessD.fewer()3.Wouldyoulike___coffee?No,thanks.A.someB.anyC.manyD.afew()4.Mom,mypantsaretoosmall,canyoubuyme_____A.anotheroneB.anotherC.oneD.anotherpairBCAD考点二：可数名词单复数名词单复数规则变化不规则变化规则变化cake-cakesdish-dishes,box-boxescity-citiesleaf-leaveshero→heroesphoto-photos规则变化1.一般情况下,直接在名词词尾加-s。cake-cakes2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。dish-dishes,box-boxes3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，把变y为i再加-es。city-cities4.以f或fe结尾的名词，先将f或fe变为v,再加-es。leaf-leaves5.以o结尾的名词,无生命的名词加-s,有生命的名词加-es。黑人（Negro→Negroes）英雄（hero→heroes）爱吃土豆（potato→potatoes）和西红柿（tomato→tomatoes）photo-photos,(1)单复数同形（三种动物两国人）fish–fishsheep–sheepdeer–deerJapanese–JapaneseChinese–Chinese(2)变oo为eetooth–teethfoot–feetgoose–geese(3)变man为menman–menwoman–womenpoliceman–policemenFrenchman–FrenchmenEnglishman–Englishmen请区别：German(德国人)–Germans(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)不规则变化(4)合成名词变复数a.将主体名词变为复数sisters-in-lawb.无主体名词时,将最后一部分变为复数boyclassmatesc.将两部分变为复数(仅woman,man作定语时）womendrivers给下列名词添上复数形式Map_boy_lesson_villager_picture_Fish______glass______watch______brush______Tomato______potato______hero______photo______zoo______piano______Family______beauty______Wife____half_____leaf______knife_____thief_____roof____Mouse____child______sheep_____people______Englishman__________policeman__________American__German__Canandian__Chinese_________Japanese__________Tooth_____foot____sssssesesesesesesessssfamiliesbeautiesroofswiveshalvesleavesknivesthievesmicechildrensheeppeopleEnglishmenpolicemensssChineseJapaneseteethfeet一、有些名词虽以-s结尾，但它们不是复数。如：physics物理maths数学politics政治news新闻二、“数词＋名词＋形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。如：a100-meterrace百米赛跑afive-poundnote一张五英镑的纸币asix-foot-deephole一个六英尺深的洞afive-year-oldgirl.一个五岁的女孩。(five-year-old不能说成five-years-old)巩固练习一、中考例题（1—11）二、Homework（1—8）（一）中考例题1.【2011河北】Cicienjoysdancing.It'soneofher______.A.prizeB.prizesC.hobbyD.hobbies2.【2013广西玉林】Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforourhealth.Iofteneatlettuce,broccoliand______.A.tomatoB.tomatosC.tomatoesD.potatoDc3.【2014贵阳】Lily，let'smakevegetablesalad.Howmany___doweneed?“Oneisenough.”A.orangesB.potatoC.tomatoes4.【2014广东】—Ihearyourunforhalfanhoureveryday.—Right,wehaveto.Itisoneofthe________inourschool.A.rulesB.plansC.hobbiesD.choicescA5.【2012山东东营1】Mr.Jacksonkeepslotsof_______onhisfarm.A.sheepB.chickenC.gooseD.pandas6.【2013黑龙江绥化】Isawsome___and____dancinginthestreetthedaybeforeyesterday.A.Germen;EnglishmenB.Germans;EnglishmansC.Germans;EnglishmenAc7.【2013广东1】—Mum,I’veheardthatwecan’teat______thesedays.Isittrue?—Takeiteasy.Itissafetoeatcookedmeat.A.chickenB.chickensC.achickenD.thechicken8.【2013广东梅州】—I’mverythirstynow.—Wouldyoulikesome______?A.teaB.fishC.noodlesD.potatoesAA9.【2013湖北黄冈3】—Whatwouldyouliketodrink,girls?—_____please.A.TwoglassofwaterB.TwoglassofwatersC.TwocupsofteaD.Twocupsofteas10.【2013四川遂宁】22.I’msohungry.Pleasegiveme_____toeat.A.threebreadB.threepiecesofbreadC.threepiecesofbreadsBc11.【2014呼和浩特1】—HowfarisitfromTianjintoChangsha？—Itisa_______flightfromTianjintoChangsha.A.2-hour-longB.2-hours-longC.2hours’longD.2hourlongAHomework（）1.Shewasveryhappy,She____inthemathstest.A.makesafewmistakeB.madeafewmistakesC.madefewmistakesD.makesfewmistake()2.Hegaveus____onhowtokeepfit.A.someadvicesB.someadviceC.anyadviceD.aadvice()3.What____lovelyweatheritis!A.\B.theC.anD.a()4.–Wouldyoulike______tea?--Nothanks,Ihavedrunktwo_____.A.any,bottlesoforangeB.some,bottlesoforangeC.many,bottlesoforangesD.few,bottleoforanges()5.Johnbought_____forhimselfyesterday.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoeC.twopairofshoesD.twopairsshoes()6.Ihaveread____oftheyoungwriter.A.worksB.workC.thisworksD.theworksCBABAD()7.Ifthesetrousersaretoobig.buyasmaller_____.A.setB.oneC.pieceD.pair()8.These_____weresenttothevillagestohelpthefarmersA.womendoctorB.womandoctorsC.womendoctorsD.womandoctorDC