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第二部分语法专项突破篇§1基础语法（八）动词和动词短语英语中考考点透视1考纲概览考点一：实义动词辨析动词＋宾语afford，enjoy，keep动词＋宾语＋宾补make，let，see，watch，have，hear，notice及物动词本身含有实际意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语give，buy，tell，write，read，teach，get，leave，offer，return更多动词详见《词汇册》◆不同动词辨析2考点透视本身含有实际意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语不可以直接接宾语，接宾语需在不及物动词后加上适当的介词或副词arrive，cry，die，fall，look不及物动词有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词study，fly，regret，try更多动词详见《词汇册》◆近义动词辨析类别词汇示例五个“拿”bring，take，carry，get与fetch详见本书P92四个“花费”spend，take，pay与cost详见本书P18四个“说”tell，talk，say与speak详见本书P13四个“看”watch，look，see与read详见本书P8四个“穿”dress，puton，wear与bein详见本书P14四个“参加”join，joinin，attend与takepartin详见本书P93三个“借”borrow，lend与keep详见本书P50三个“到达”reach，arrive与get详见本书P27三个“提供”give，provide与offer详见本书P28◆词义相对动词辨析单词对应词单词对应词buy买sell卖continue继续stop停止forget忘记remember记得doubt怀疑believe相信save节约waste浪费begin开始end结束ask询问reply回复come来go去fail失败succeed成功/win赢refuse拒绝satisfy满足不同动词辨析()1．(2019·泰州)Aftertheterribleexplosion(爆炸)inXiangshui,Yancheng,manypeoplefromcitiesaroundcametohospitalstoblood.A．devoteB．createC．donateD．celebrateC()2．(2019·武汉)—Haveyouchemistryforthecomingexam?—Yes.I'mquitereadyforit.A．repeatedB．copiedC．markedD．reviewedD()3．(2019·襄阳)—WhatdoesHuawei'snewestsmartphonelooklike?—It'swonderful!Youcanitinhalfjustlikeclosingabook.A．handB．passC．foldD．cutC()4．(2019·宜昌)—DidyoutheInternationalMarathoninLanZhouonJune2，2019?—Ofcourse.Howexciting!A．watchB．reviewC．supposeD．discoverA()5．(2019·安徽)—Hello，BeijingHotel.CanIhelpyou?—Yes，I'dliketoasingleroomfortwonights.A．enterB．moveC．bookD．provideC()6．(2019·连云港)Throughthestoriesbehindtheidioms，wewouldbeabletofullyChina'sculture，historyandtradition.A．understandB．searchC．compareD．imagineA()7．(2019·江西)You'llhavetothebooksbecausetherearen'tenoughforeveryone.A．packB．sellC．chooseD．shareD()8．(2019·山西)Parentsshouldletchildrenhomeandfindmoreabouttheworld.Afterall，birdsshouldflyfreelyinthesky.A．leaveB．enterC．reachA()9．(2019·南通)—Excuseme,canyouteachmehowtothisnewword?—Noproblem.Lookatmymouthandlistencarefully.A．proveB．pronozunceC．prepareB近义动词辨析()10．(2019·呼和浩特)—Jack，let'shaveapicnicafterschool.—Sorry.IhaveFranktoworkonthebiologyreportwithhim.A．advisedB．expectedC．suggestedD．promisedD()11．(2019·河南)Forhisson'sbirthday，Stevenistakinghimtothenewmovieasa.A．taskB．treatC．choiceD．visitB词义相对动词辨析()12．(2019·孝感)Hurryup!We'relate.Idon'twanttothestartofthefilm.A．catchB．getC．missD．loseC()13．(2018·东营)—I'vetriedhardatmyschoolworkbutstill.—Don'tbeupset.Sometimeslosingisonlyasignthatyoureallytried.A．failedB．worriedC．improvedD．succeededA考点二：感官动词辨析单词搭配示例feelfeelsmooth摸起来顺滑feelsick感到不舒服looklooknice看起来不错smellsmelldelicious闻起来美味smellsweet闻起来香seemItseemslike…好像……seemsterrible看起来糟糕soundsoundsweet听起来甜美soundsgreat听起来很棒tastetastegood尝起来不错()1．(2019·乐山)—Look，Linda.Theflowersinourclassroomcameoutinonenight.—Ican'tbelieveit.Theyarebeautifulandcolorful.Theygreat.A．soundB．smellC．tasteB()2．(2019·抚顺)Sometimesthesmoothsurfaceofthelakereallylikeamirror.A．soundsB．looksC．smellsD．tastesB()3．(2018·恩施)—HaveyouseenthemovieTitanic，WangWei?—Yes.Themusicinit.A．looksgreatB．soundsgreatC．feelsgreatB()4．(2018·重庆B卷)Thecakedelicious.I'dliketohaveanotherone.A．tastesB．looksC．soundsD．feelsA()5．(2018·抚顺)Thechickensoupdelicious.Ican'twaittohaveataste.A．tastesB．feelsC．soundsD．smellsD()6．(2018·黔东南)Thesoupwouldbetterwithmoresalt.A．eatB．soundC．tasteD．feelC考点三：情态动词辨析◆情态动词的基本用法情态动词意义及用法示例can(could)否定形式用can't(couldn't)表示现在或将来的能力，意为“能；会”MikecanspeakalittleChinese.迈克能说一点儿中文。表示请求许可，意为“可以”CanIborrowyourbike？我能借你的自行车吗？can(could)否定形式用can't(couldn't)could表示过去的能力；当could表示请求许可时，语气比can委婉IcouldrideabikewhenIwas6yearsold.当我六岁的时候，我会骑自行车。may(might)表示请求许可，意为“可以”，其一般疑问句的否定回答用mustn't/can't—MayIgooutandplayfootball？我可以去外面踢足球吗？—No，youmustn't.不，你不可以。might为may的过去式；表示请求许可时比may委婉MightIsmokehere？我可以在这儿吸烟吗？表示义务、命令或必要，意为“必须”，强调主观看法；mustn't表示禁止Youmustbecarefulnexttime.你下次得小心点。Youmustn'ttakephotoshere.你不能在这里拍照。mustmust引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答时用must或haveto；否定回答时用needn't或don'thaveto—MustIfinishthehomeworktoday？我今天一定要完成作业吗？—No，youneedn't/don'thaveto.不，没有必要。haveto意为“不得不”，强调客观需要Ihavetogetupearlytocatchtheearlybus.为赶早班公共汽车，我不得不早起。shall用于主语是第一人称的疑问句中，表示询问意见ShallIturnontheTV？我可以开电视吗？should意为“应该”，表示责任和义务Weshould/oughttohelpeachotherandlearnfromeachotherinourwork.我们应该在工作中相互帮助，相互学习。oughttohadbetter表示建议，意为“最好”You'dbetterstayathome.你最好待在家里。表示需要，主要用于否定句和疑问句Youneedn'tsaysorrytome.你不需要跟我说对不起。needneed引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答时用must，否定回答时用needn't—NeedIfinishmyhomeworknow？我需要现在完成作业吗？—Yes，youmust./No，youneedn't.是的，你一定要。/不，不必要。◆情态动词表推测的用法情态动词意义及用法示例can表推测时常用于否定句中，can't意为“不可能”Itcan'tbetrue.那不可能是真的。could表推测时常用于肯定句中，表示不确定的推测，意为“可能”Youcouldpasstheexam，sodon'tbesosad.你可能会通过考试，所以不要这么不开心。may意为“可能；也许”，表示把握不大的推测；maynot表示可能不Imaygotothetownnextweek.我下周可能去镇上。must表推测时常用于肯定句中，表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定”ThebookmustbeLily's.Hernameisonthecover.这本书一定是莉莉的，她的名字在封面上。情态动词的基本用法()1．(2019·温州)Wedon'tallowtakingmagazinesout，butyoucopythearticleyouneedonthemachineoverthere.A．canB．mustC．shouldD．wouldA()2．(2019·苏州)—Somepeopledon'tshowtheirtalentsattheverybeginning.—Iagree.EvenEinsteinreaduntilhewasseven.A．can'tB．mustn'tC．couldn'tD．needn'tC()3．(2019·淮安)—Willyoustayherefordinnerwithus?—Sorry，I.Mymotheriswa