英语动词词组

动词词组Verbphrases类别意义例句行为动词ActionVerbs系动词LinkVerbs助动词AuxiliaryVerbs情态动词ModalVerbs含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。如：putrunlaugh本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。如：belookget本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式。如：bedoesdid本身有一动的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。如:canmustmayShehassomebananas.Theyeatalotofpotatoes.I’mreadinganEnglishbooknow.Hisfatherisateacher.Twinsusuallylookthesame.Theteacherbecameangry.Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish.(否定）Weareplayingbasketball.（进行时态）Doyouhaveabrother?（疑问）Youcankeepthemfortwoweeks.MayIsmokehere?Wemustgonew.动词种类返回返回动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含意上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：1、根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(I)动词+副词(不及物)Harryturnedupafterthepartywheneveryonehadleft.(2)动词+副词(及物)Pleaseturneverylightinthehouseoff.动词短语2、熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同的动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①hearfrom收到…的来信，hearof听说。②lookafter照料，lookat看，lookfor寻找。(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时，意义上的差异。如：①ringback回电话,ringoff挂断电话,ringup打电话②putaway放好,puton穿，上演,putup挂起，举起。(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：lookfor寻找,callfor去取(某物)，去接(某人),askfor请求,waitfor等候,sendfor派人去叫。(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时，在意义上的差异。如：①breakout发生，爆炸,carryout进行，开展,goout熄灭,handout分发,letout放出,lookout当心,sellout卖完,setout出发,takeout取出,workout算出。②breakdown出毛病,comedown落下来,getdown下车,takedown取下,writedown写下。动词短语是考查的一个热点，从题设上看，主要有以下几个方式：1）同一个动词，后面加上不同的小品词（即介词或副词）；2）不同的动词，后面加上相同的小品词；3）动词不同，小品词也不同。最后一种应该是最难的，因为它考查面广，且灵活多变。动词短语在语言中具有极强的生命力和表现力。纵观近几年考试，集中考查的动词短语主要由make，take，set，give，put，carry，come，get，keep，look，cut等动词构成。常见高频动词短语1.breakbreakaway摆脱；逃跑breakdown（机器）出故障；中断；分解breakinto闯入；打断；突然中断breakoff中断；折断；突然停止breakout突然发生；爆发breakthrough突破；克服；挣脱而出breakup打碎；中断；分解breakin破门而入；打断（谈话）；2.bringbringabout引起；造成bringdown使倒下；使下降；使受挫折bringforward提出；提前（=putforward）bringintooperation实施；使生效bringout显示出来；出版；生产bringup提出；教育；培养；吐出bringback把---送回；使想起；恢复bringin引进；挣得3.callcallfor需要；要求；邀请calloff取消；停止callon看望；号召callup打电话；使人想起；召集callat访问callin请来；召集callback回电话；召回1.Wecalled____Mike'shouseyesterday.2.Allshipssailingontheoceanscall________helpbyradioinEnglish.3.I'llcall________myuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.4.Let'scall________adoctorforthelittlegirl.5.Manyofthesesongscalled________theworkerstotakeupthestruggle.6.Ishallcall_____himtomorrow.atforforinonon4.ComeComeat攻击;向...冲去comeabout发生comeacross偶遇；碰到；讲清楚comealong进展；成功；一道走comedown下降；病倒；传下来comeoff发生；举行；成功comeon快点；走吧；有进展comeout出来；结果是出版comeround/around再现；恢复知觉；改变看法comethrough经历；获得成功cometo苏醒；达到；总数为comeup发生；走上前去;(时间)快到comeupto达到（高度、程度）；符合comeupagainst碰到（困难）comeupwith赶上；提出•1.Icame_______himfirstinBeijing.•2.Come_____,tryitagain.•3.I'llhelpyoutooifanybeastcomes_____you.•4.Itisimpossibleforadeadanimaltocome_.•5.Theairplanecame_____inthatfield.downacrossonatto5.cutcutacross绕劲道穿过；超越；遮住cutback削减；终止；急忙返回cutdown削减；减少cutin插嘴；打断；突然出来cutoff切断；中断；隔绝cutout删掉；戒掉cutshort中断；打断；缩短1.Let‘scut_____theunimportantdetails．2.Theropeistwofeetlongerthanweneeded，sowecut_____theextralength．3.Thetelephoneoperatorcutus_____beforewehadfinishedourconversation．4.Thetelephoneoperatorcut_____andsaidthatIhadalreadyspoken3minutes．outoffInoff6.carrycarryon继续；坚持carryout执行；实施carrythrough帮助度过难关；完成；实现7.diedieaway渐弱diedown熄灭；平静下来dieof因----（病）死亡diefrom因----（外部原因）死亡dieout灭绝；绝种bedyingtodosth.迫切想做某事1.Hecarried_____theplanwithoutdifficulty．2.Perseverancewillcarryaman______．3.Iexpectmysontocarry_____thefamilytradition．outthroughon8.givegiveaway赠送；颁发；泄露；告发；失去giveout分发；公布；公开；用完（vi）;耗尽（vi）giveoff发出；放出giveup放弃；自首；将-----交给某人（tosb.）;对某人不报希望（onsb.）givein屈服；投降；让步；上交；呈交1.Inthosedays,heusedtogive_____apartofhisincometohelphisfriend.2.Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgive_____.3.Iftheyareburned,theygive_____poisonousgases.4.Whentheymadereadytoclimbthenextridge（山脊），theyfoundthattheiroxygenhadgiven______.outoffinaway9.gogoalong进展；陪同前往goby时间过去；经过；遵守godown下降；下沉；下跌gofor去；选择；想要；攻击（用语言）goinfor从事；爱好；参加（选拔赛、考试等）gointo研究；调查，从事gooff离开；爆炸；食品变坏；断电；熄灭；（与副词连用或用于疑问句）进行；发生goon继续进行；发生；上场goout离开；熄灭；过时goover浏览；仔细查看；检查；审查gothrough通过；经历（苦难）；仔细检查goup上升；增长；涨价1.Thecrocodilewent_____underthewater.2.Ifyouneverreadthenewspapers,you'llneverknowwhat'sgoing______intheworld.3.Theywent_____theirlessonstogetheratnight.4.Thepolicewent_______veryroomofthebuilding.throughoverondown10.getgetthrough浏览；翻阅；经历困难（痛苦）；做完某事getin收割；收获；收集；购买；买进；插话getover克服；战胜；熬过；做完；结束；走完geton继续；进行；上车getround传播；散播；说服某人；回避；避开getabout四处走动；传开getacross传达；使---让人理解getalong/on(with)进展；相处1.Thebankrobbersusedastolencartoget_____.2.Haveyougot_____thebookyoulenthim?3.Thismistakemaygethim_____difficulties.4.Ittookusonlyfourminutestoget_____theCustoms(海关).5.BeforeIcouldget_____aword,hehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits,...inthroughintobackaway有着共同介词的动词短语1.动词+about(8)bringabout引起,使发生careabout关心,对...有兴趣comeabout发生hearabout听说setabout着手,开始speak/talkabout谈论thinkabout思考worryabout为...担心2.动词+away(14)•blowaway吹走•breakaway摆脱•carryaway拿走,使入迷•clearaway清除掉,消散•dieaway逐渐消失•giveaway背弃,泄露•passaway去世•putaway收拾起来,存起来•sendaway让走开•takeaway拿走•throwaway扔掉•turnaway把...打发走•washaway冲走•wearaway磨掉,消耗3.动词+at(18)•aimat向...瞄准•callat拜访地点•comeat向...袭击•glanceat匆匆一瞥•glareat怒视•knockat敲门,窗等•laughat嘲笑•lookat看,注视•