Grammar一般过去时的被动语态1

Tellsomethingabouthowteawasinventedbyaccident.OnedayShenNongwasboilingdrinkingwateroveranopenfire.Someleavesfromateaplantfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.Itwasquitedeliciousandoneoftheworld’sfavoritedrinkwasinvented.LuYu“thesaintoftea”mentionedShenNonginhisbookChaJing.Thebookdescribeshowteaplantsweregrownandusedtomaketea.Italsodiscusseswherethefinesttealeaveswereproducedandwhatkindsofwaterwereused.TellsomethingaboutLuYuandhisChaJing.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcenturies.InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Tellsomethingabouthowteaspreadtoothercountries.完成下列句子。1.拉链是什么时候被发明的？___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被发明。It_______________in1893.wasinventedWhenwasinvented3.它是由谁发明的？___________itinvented______?4.它是由惠特科姆•贾得森发明的。It_______________WhitcombJudson.5.茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？___________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringWhowasby7.热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。It’s_______________reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedfor9.贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。Thetelephone________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedby一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was/were+及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。1.肯定句：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他.e.g.Thebridgewasbuiltthreeyearsago.这座桥是三年前修建的。2.否定句：主语+was/werenot+及物动词的过去分词+其他.e.g.Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegamesatfirst.开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。e.g.Wasthispicturedrawnbyyoursister?这幅画是你妹妹画的吗？3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词+其他?肯定回答Yes,主语+was/were.Yes,itwas.否定回答No,主语+was/were+not.No,itwasn’t.4.特殊疑问句：疑问词（不作主语）+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by短语)+其他?e.g.Whenwasthebridgebuilt?1.有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动结构时介词或副词不能去掉。e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.→Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.【拓展】2.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.Iwasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.Ane-dictionarywasgiventomeyesterday.3.主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep…）没有被动语态。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?布朗先生发生了什么事？5.含复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的主动结构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。如：主动结构：Ifoundhimlyingonthefloor.被动结构：Hewasfoundlyingonthefloorbyme.I.根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。1.Mymothercleanedtheroomthismorning.(改为被动语态)Theroom____________bymymotherthismorning.2.Wasthemodelplanemadebyyourbrother?(补全肯定答语)_____,it_____.Yeswaswascleaned3.Thebagwasstolenlastweek.(改为否定句)Thebag_____________lastweek.4.Thecriminalwascaughtyesterday.(对划线部分提问)___________thecriminal________?wasn’tstolenWhenwascaughtII.将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。1.Weputoffthemeeting.Themeeting_________byus.2.Mothermademeanewskirt.Anewskirt___________mebyMother.3.Theyaskedmetohelpthem.I__________________.wasmadeforwasputoffwasaskedtohelpthemRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._______________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.__________________________________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?__________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.____________________________________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.____________________________________________________________________Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.1.You____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebroughtCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,sowe______thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedthedoor与lock之间为被动关系；而we与ring之间则为主动关系。Thetelephone______________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He__________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.thetelephone与invent之间存在被动关系；Mr.Bell与work之间是主动关系。In1875,Mr.Bell_________(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrumentsimilartoatelephone.Finally,thetelephone_____________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat_________(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone________(use)