第一章110kV变电站系统概述某110/38.5/10.5kV变电站,110kV分为两段母线,I段母线与一个最大输送容量为80MW的系统用平行双回线连接,II段母线与一个最大输送容量为50MW的系统通过单回线连接,110kV线路架空引入,主接线采用单母线分段接线形式。35kV有两段母线,I段和II段母线各有一条与系统相连的进线和一条出线。有两台110/38.5/10.5kV的主变,内桥接线,为了保证一类负荷不停电的要求,110kV侧备自投(BZT)是在110kV电源电压消失后动作,而35kV侧和10kV的BZT是在110/38.5/10.5kV主变压器差动保护或重瓦斯动作,35kV和10kV侧主断路器跳闸后才动作。站内10kV侧I段、II段母线上均设置10.5kV电力电容器组,作为全站无功功率补偿,10kV馈电回路向就近的电动机和配电变压器供电。下图为本设计的电气主接线图:第二章一次系统设计2.1变电站中主要参数的计算发电机、变压器、电路等参数均从《电力工程电气设备手册》和《电力工程电气设计手册》中查出。10kV线路均未标准配线,按短线路考虑,可忽略阻抗。所有元件的电阻不考虑,仅考虑电抗。对于35kV及以上线路应该有避雷线,故手册中规定X2=X1,X0=3X1。对于在Y侧中性点直接接地的变压器,取X1=X2=X3。SB=100MVA,UB=UAV=1.05Ue=121KVBI=1213100=0.477kA=477A一.系统(正,负,零序电抗均相等)⑴*max.SX1=0.1,*min.SX1=0.3⑵*max.SX2=0.2,*min.SX2=0.4⑶*max.SX3=0.1,*min.SX3=0.3⑷*max.SX4=0.2,*min.SX4=0.4二.110kV线路LGJ-150,X=0.403Ώ/km,X*=X2BBUS=0.403×2121100=0.00275/km⑴l=16.582km*)(X15=*)(X16=0.00275×16.582=0.0456*)(X25=*)(X26=0.0456*)(X05=*)(X06=0.0456×3=0.1368⑵l=14.520km*)(X17=0.00275×16.582=0.0399*)(X27=0.03991*)(X07=0.0399×3=0.1198三.三绕组变压器(正,负,零序电抗均相等)1.SFSZ8-31500/100,YN/YN/△-11,110±4×2.5﹪/35/10.5UK(1-2)﹪=10.47,UK(1-3)﹪=18,UK(2-3)﹪=6.33UK1﹪=21(UK(1-2)﹪+UK(1-3)﹪-UK(2-3)﹪)=11.07UK2﹪=21(UK(1-2)﹪+UK(2-3)﹪-UK(1-3)﹪)=-0.6UK3﹪=21(UK(1-3)﹪+UK(2-3)﹪-UK(1-2)﹪)=6.93*TX8=100%1KU×NBSS=10007.11×5.31100=0.3514*TX9=100%2KU×NBSS=1006.0×5.31100=-0.0190*TX10=100%0KU×NBSS=100936.×5.31100=0.222.SFSZ10-40000/100,YN/YN/△-11,110±8×1.25﹪/35/10.5UK(1-2)﹪=11.79,UK(1-3)﹪=21.30,UK(2-3)﹪=7.08UK1﹪=21(UK(1-2)﹪+UK(1-3)﹪-UK(2-3)﹪)=13.005UK2﹪=21(UK(1-2)﹪+UK(2-3)﹪-UK(1-3)﹪)=-1.215UK3﹪=21(UK(1-3)﹪+UK(2-3)﹪-UK(1-2)﹪)=8.18*TX11=100%1KU×NBSS=100005.13×40100=0.3251*X12=100%2KU×NBSS=100215.1×40100=-0.0304*TX10=100%0KU×NBSS=10093.6×5.31100=0.2045四.35kV线路1.LGJ-120/20,X=0.0379Ώ/km*X=X·(5.38110)2·2BBUS=0.379×225.38110×2121100=0.021132①l=2km*)(X116=0.02113×2=0.0423*)(X216=0.0423*)(X016=0.0423×3=0.1269②l=8km*)(X117=0.02113×8=0.1690*)(X217=0.1690*)(X017=0.169×3=0.5072.LGJ-95/20,X=0.386Ώ/km*X=X·(5.38110)2·2BBUS=0.386×(5.38110)2×2121100=0.02152①l=10km*)(X114=0.02152×10=0.2152*)(X214=0.2152*)(X014=0.2152×3=0.6456②l=1.8km*)(X115=0.02152×1.8=0.0387*)(X215=0.0387*)(X015=0.0387×3=0.1161五.10kV线路1.电容器:750kvar,BFF-11/3-750-1W,C=59..2μFω=2πf=2π×50=314.16XC=C1ω=2.5916.3141016=53.7684Ώ*CX18=XC·(5.10110)2·2BBUS=53.7684×(5.10110)2×2121100=40.305432.发电机:12000kw,QF2-12-2汽轮发电机,cosφ=0.8,Se=15MVA(12MW)因为该发电机属于容量为50M以下的汽轮发电机,所以:X1﹪=14.5,X2﹪=17.5,X0﹪=17.5*)(FX123=100%X1·eBSS=0.145×15100=0.9667*)(FX223=100%2X·eBSS=1005.17×15100=1.1667*)(FX023=100%3X·eBSS=1005.17×15100=0.53.厂用变压器:①S9-500,高压10kV,低压0.4kV,阻抗电压4%,Y,yn0,空载损耗1kW,短路损耗5kW,空载电流1.4%。*TX21=22510110100BBNNUS).(SU%.Uk=4×102×22212150510110..=5.9969②S9-1250/10,高压10kV,低压0.4kV,阻抗电压4.5%,Y,yn0,空载损耗1.72kW,短路损耗11.8kW,空载电流1.1%。*TX22=22510110100BBNNUS).(SU%.Uk=4.5×102×22212150510110..=2.69864.电动机:①YK1000-2/990P=1000kWUN=10kVIN=68A功率因数0.85②YK3200-2/1430P=3200kWUN=10kVIN=218A功率因数0.86效率95%5.站用变:S9-100/10,高压10kV,低压0.4kV,阻抗电压4%,Y,yn0,空载损耗290W,短路损耗1.5kW,空载电流2%。2.2短路电流计算计算短路电流的目的是,选择保护方式和确定保护装置的整定参数,因此,要求计算比较准确。为简单起见,这里只进行三相短路的计算,对于求两相金属性短路电流值时可将三相短路电流值乘以3/2即得。短路电流的计算步骤如下:根据系统图分别作出正序、负序和零序等效阻抗图。图中的阻抗值都为标幺值。说明:本图中运行方式I为最大运行方式,II为最小运行方式。正、负序等效阻抗图阻抗值运行方式运行方式阻抗值阻抗值运行方式阻抗值运行方式注:仅对d1、d2点做单相接地的短路电流计算,故简略成此图。零序等效阻抗图0.2045-0.03040.32510.22-0.0190.35140.0399*30.0456*30.40.20.30.1阻抗方式IIIIII阻抗方式d2d1一.110kV侧:SB=100MVA,UB=121kVIB=BBUS3=1213100=0.47716kA=477.16A1.d1点短路①最大运行方式下(所有系统、发电机、变压器及线路全部投入,切母联断开)1IX=(0.1+0.0228)//[0.3514+(09667+0.22)//(-0.019+0.2152+0.2)]=0.1032Id1I=BIIX11=477.16/0.1032=4623.64A②最小运行方式下:a.当发电机停运,且1#主变的2DL断开时,10KvI段单回线供电1IX=0.3+0.0456=0.3456Id1II=BIIIX11=477.16/0.3456=1380.67Ab.当发电机停运,且1#主变的1DL断开时(110进线断开)1IIX=0.4+0.2152-0.019+0.3514=0.9476IdIII=BIIIIX11=477.16/0.9476A=503.55A故最小运行方式下的短路电流为503.55A2.d2点三相短路:①最大运行方式(同上)IX2=(0.2+0.0399)//[0.3251-0.0304+0.169+0.1]=0.1683Id2I=BIIX21=477.16/0.1683=2835.18A②最小运行方式a.2#主变的2DL断开IIX2=0.4+0.0399=0.4399Id2II=BIIIX21=477.16/0.4399=1084.7A1b.2#主变的1DL断开,由35kVII段系统供电IIIX2=0.3+0.169-0.0304+0.3251=0.7637Id2III=BIIIIX21=477.16/0.7637A=624.8A故最小运行方式下的短路电流为624.8A二.35kV侧:SB=100MVA,UB=38.5kVIB=BBUS3=100/38.5×3=1499.66A1.d3点三相短路①最大运行方式IX3=[((0.1+0.0228+0.3515)//(0.9667+0.2)-0.019)//(0.2+0.2152)=0.1807Id3I=BIIX31=1499.66/0.1807A=8299.16A②最小运行方式a.发电机停运,且1#主变的2DL断开IIX3=0.4+0.2152=0.6152Id3II=BIIIX31=1499.66/06152A=2437.68Ab.发电机停运,且35kVI段进线断路器断开,且110kV单回线供电IIIX3=0.3+0.0456+0.3514-0.019=0.678Id3III=BIIIIX31=1499.66/0.678A=2211.89A故最小运行方式下的短路电流为2211.89A2.d4点三相短路①最大运行方式:IX4=(0.2+0.0399+0.3251-0.0304)∥(0.1+0.169)=0.179Id4I=BIIX41=1499.66/0.179A=8377.99A②最小运行方式:a.2#主变的3DL断开2IIX4=0.3+0.169=0.469Id4II=BIIIX411499.66/0.469A=3197.57Ab.35kVII段进线的DL断开IIIX4=0.4+0.0399+0.3251-0.0304=0.7346Id4III=BIIIIX41=1499.66/0.7346A=2041.46A故最小运行方式下的短路电流为2041.46A三.10kV侧:SB=100MVAUB=10.5kVIB=BBUS3=100/3×10.5=5498.74A1.d5点三相短路①最大运行方式:IX5=[(0.2+0.2152-0.019)//(0.1+0.0228+0.3514)+0.22]//0.9667=0.3004Id5I=BIIX51=5498.74/0.3004A=18304.73A②最小运行方式下a.发电机停运,1#主变的1DL断开。IIX5=0.4+0.2152+0.22-0.019=0.8162Id5II=BIIIX51=5498.74/08162A=6737.0Ab.发电机停运,1#主变2DL断开,110kVI段单回线供电IIIX5=0.3+0.0