同位语从句和定语从句的区别

同位语从句和定语从句的区别什么是同位语从句：在某些名词后面（如idea,news,hope,belief,thought,doubt等）可以用that或者其他连接词引起从句，用来解释前面名词的具体内容，这叫做同位语从句。Ihavenoideawheresheleftthebag.WeexpressedthehopethatwewouldvisitChinaagain.I’vecomefromMr.Linwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.Haveyouanyproofthatheisathief?Thenewsthatwearehavingaholidaytomorrowisnottrue.Therecanbenodoubtthatheisfitforthejob.Thencamethequestionwhereweweretogetthemachinesweneeded.Thethoughtoccurredtohimthatmaybetheenemyhadescaped.Thequestionwhetherhewillcomeornotisnotsettled.同位语从句和定语从句的几点区别1.同位语从句的先行词多数为抽象名词，比如idea,thought,question,hope,belief,truth,news,fact,doubt,message,order,chance,possiblity,proof,等等。而定语从句的先行词可以是很多n.或代词，有人，有物，有时间，有地点，有原因，抽象名词也可以成为定语从句的先行词。2.同位语从句能够解释先行词的具体内容，属于同等位置关系，而定语从句只能对先行词起到限定修饰作用，不能解释清楚其具体内容。如：Thenewsthathesucceededinthetestmadeushappy.Thenewsthathegotfromtheteachermadeushappy同位语从句定语从句3.同位语从句多数用that引导，that无成分，无意义，仅起到连接作用。而定语从句的that可以做主语，可以作宾语（此时可省），有时还能用which替换。Thetruththathewasathiefmadeussurprised.Thetruththathegotfromthepolicemadeussurprised.同位语从句定语从句=(which)4.同位语从句可以用whether引导，定语从句不行。whether有意义“是否”，但无成分。Thequestionwhetherhewillcomeornotisnotsettled.定语从句可以用whom,who,whose引导，而同位语从句不行，因为它的先行词是抽象名词，不是sb.5.when，where，和why引导定语从句时，先行词必须分别是时间名词，地点名词和reason.但他们引导同位语从句时先行词却不是这些。Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.Idon’tknowthetimewhenshewillbeback.Ihavenoideawheresheleftthebag.Idon’tknowtheplacewheresheleftthebag.ThequestionwhywemustlearnEnglishhasbeenaskedmanytimes.ThereasonwhywemustlearnEnglishhasbeenexplained.同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句6.同位语从句前面通常没有逗号。而定语从句有非限制性的。但要注意“同位语+定语从句”的这种句式。Meetingmyuncleaftersomanyyearsisanexcitingmoment,____Iwilltreasureforever.A.oneB.theoneC.thatD.aone分析：one=amoment,是同位语，后面的Iwilltreasureforever是省略了that（做vt.treasure的宾语）的定语从句。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，a和one不可以直接连用，故C、D不对。请看一个简单的例子：Heisagoodteacher,ateacherwhomwealllove.=……………………………..,onewealllove配套练习答案1—5DADDD6—10CCDDA11-15CACDA