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Lesson4JourneytotheAntarctic一二三四一、南极洲是地球上最遥远最孤独的大陆,它严酷的奇寒和常年不化的冰雪,长期以来拒人类于千里之外。数百年来,为征服南极洲,揭开它的神秘面纱,数以千计的探险家,前仆后继奔向南极洲,表现出不畏艰险和百折不挠的精神,创造了可歌可泣的业绩,为我们今天能够认识神秘的南极作出了巨大的贡献。我们在欣赏南极美丽景色的同时,不会忘记对他们表示我们崇高的敬意。一二三四你心目中的南极洲又是什么样的呢?请勾选出你对它的印象,并写下你对它的更多的认识。It’sprobablythecoldestplaceontheEarth.Itmustbeverybeautiful.It’sprobablyflatandboring.Thesilencemustbeamazing.It’sanextremelydangerousplace.Therecan’tbemuchwildlifethere.答案:略一二三四二、从右栏中找出与左栏单词对应的英文释义1.cheerfula.theabilitytocontinuedoingsomethingforalongtimewithoutlosinginterest,especiallysomethingdifficult2.distantb.somethingthatyouwanttodoverymuch,usuallysomethingthatisdifficulttoachieve3.functionc.somethingthatyouhopetoachieve4.patienced.behavinginawaythatshowsyouarehappy5.ambitione.farawayfromtheplacewhereyouare6.goalf.toworkoroperateinthecorrectornormalway7.shockg.withouthope8.hopelessh.tomakesomeonefeelverysurprisedandupset,andunabletobelievewhathashappened答案:1.d2.e3.f4.a5.b6.c7.h8.g一二三四三、短语互译A.从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1.failtodosth.2.spend...doingsth.3.trytodosth.4.meettheendwith5.gooutside6.havegreatdifficultydoingsth.7.makerapidprogress8.getslowerandslower未能做某事花费……做某事试图做某事以……结束外出做某事有很大困难快速前进变得越来越慢一二三四B.从文中找出与下列汉语对应的短语9.继续做某事10.在途中11.用完,耗尽12.损坏,不能运转carryononone’swayrunoutofbreakdown一二三四四、阅读课文TheRACEtothePOLE,回答下列问题1.WhowasthefirsttostartthejourneytoAntarctic,CaptainScottorRoaldAmundsen?Andwhowasthefirsttoleave?______________________________________________________2.WhatwerethedifficultiesCaptainScott’steamencountered(遭遇)?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.WhydidCaptainScott’steamlosethegoaloftheirambition?______________________________________________________4.WhatmadeCaptainScottandhismenintoheroes?______________________________________________________CaptainScottwasthefirsttostart;Amundsenwasthefirsttoleave.Histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.BecauseAmundsenhadarrivedatthePolebeforethem.Theextraordinarycourageshownduringthejourney.1234567891.Duringthepolarsummerof1910—1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.在1910年到1911年的极地夏天,两队人马都在为来年的探险做食物储备。考点preparationn.准备,筹备InpreparationfortheOlympicGames,hetrainshardeveryday.为准备奥运会,他每天都刻苦训练。123456789【高考典句】Thefamilybeganmakingpreparationsimmediatelyafteroneofthememberssawtheboat.在其中一名成员看到船只后,这个家庭就立刻开始做准备。Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.对明天最好的准备就是今天做到最好。归纳:preparation表示“准备”的抽象动作时用作不可数名词,可与介词for连用,inpreparation意为“在准备中”,inpreparationfor意为“为……做准备”;表示“准备/筹备”的具体工作时用作可数名词,且常用复数形式,常用搭配为makepreparationsfor,意为“为……做准备”。123456789活学活用语法填空(1)Allthepreparationsthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe’rereadytostart.完成句子(2)Heispractisingeveryday,theice-skatingchampionship.他每天训练,为夺取滑冰冠军做准备。(3)Plansforthenewschoolarenow.兴建新学校的计划正在准备中。forinpreparationforinpreparation1234567892.First,histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。考点breakdown损坏,不能运转ThebusItookbrokedownhalfway,soIwaslate.我乘坐的公共汽车在半路上坏了,所以我迟到了。Wheneverthemachineshavebeenputinworkingorder,they’llkeepondoingthejobstheyhavebeen“told”todountiltheyareturnedofforbreakdown.机器每当进入工作状态,就会一直做着它们被要求做的工作,直到电路断开或坏了为止。123456789考点延伸(1)阅读下面的句子,体会breakdown的含义。①Negotiationsbrokedownafteronlytwodays.仅仅过了两天谈判就破裂了。含义:失败;破裂②Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.她因工作压力(大)身体垮掉了。含义:(身体)垮掉③Policehadtobreakdownthedoortogetintotheflat.警察不得不破门进入公寓。含义:砸破123456789④Ittakesalongtimetobreakdownprejudices.消除偏见需要很长时间。含义:消除⑤Thequestioncanbebrokendownintotwoparts.这个问题可以分成两个部分。含义:划分⑥Foodisbrokendowninthestomach.食物在胃部得到分解。含义:分解123456789(2)与break相关的其他重要短语breakaway(from)逃脱,脱离breakin闯入;打断breakinto闯入breakout爆发(详见本单元第3课)breakthrough突破breakup打碎;终止,结束123456789活学活用完成句子(1)Ifourcar,wewouldhavebeenhereontime.如果我们的车没有抛锚的话,我们就会准时到这里了。(2)Thefirefightershadtotogetintotheburninghouse.为了能进入燃烧的房子,消防队员不得不破门而入。翻译下列句子(3)Shebrokedownintearswhensheheardthenews.________________________________________________________(4)Thetalkshavebrokendown.________________________________________________________hadnotbrokendownbreakdownthedoor听见那消息时她悲伤地流泪了。会谈已宣告失败。1234567893.TheywereshockedwhentheysawtheNorwegianflag.当他们看到挪威国旗时,感到非常震惊。考点shockvt.震惊,惊骇Sheknewhowmuchthebadnewswouldshockme.她知道那个坏消息会使我多么震惊。Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.=Iwasshockedtoseehowmyneighbourstreatedtheirchildren.看到我的邻居们这样对待他们的孩子让我感到震惊。123456789考点延伸(1)派生词:shockedadj.震惊的,感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的,令人惊讶的Theywereshockedtohearofthebadnews.他们听到这则坏消息很震惊。【高考典句】Soscientistshavecomeupwithashockingidea.所以科学家们提出了一个令人震惊的想法。(2)阅读下面的句子,体会shock的词性及含义。Itwasashocktolearnthathe’sbadlyill.听说他得了重病,真令人震惊。词性名词含义震惊123456789活学活用用shock的适当形式填空(1)IwassoattheperformancethatIdidn’tknowhowtodescribeit.(2)Thehousewasleftinastate.(3)Grandmotherthoughtitforgirlstowearjeans.shockedshockingshocking1234567894.Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.队员们很快就筋疲力尽了,食品也快吃完了。考点runoutof用完,耗尽Doyourhomeworkbeforeyourunoutoftime.在你还有时间时,做你的家庭作业吧。It’sacitywhereeveryth