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PartFive:RomanticisminEnglandChapter1theRomanticperiodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge’sLyricalBallads,andendin1832withSirWalterScott’sdeath.Romanticism:Itemphasizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual’smind.(人应该是独立自由的个体)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.TwomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realistic)andWalterScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔诗人，wholivedinthelakedistrict.WilliamWordsworth;SamuelTaylorColeridge;RobertSoutheyImportantevent:TheFrenchRevolutionPeterlooMasscareAmidthesesocialconflictsromanticismaroseasanewliterarytrend.Itprevailedinenglandduringtheperiod1798-1832.Generallyspeaking,theromanticistsexpressedtheideologyandsentimentofthoseclassesandsocialstratawhowerediscontentwith,andopposedto,thedevelopmentofcapitalism.Theworksofromanticistsisadissatisfactionwiththebourgeoissociety,theypaidgreatattentiontothespritualandemotionallifeofman.WalterscottmarkedthetransitionChapter2WilliamWordsworth威廉•华兹华斯1770~1850（与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。TheLakePoets）①LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集(withSamuelTaylorColeridge)Markedthebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcentury.②IWonderedLonelyAsACloud我好似一朵流云独自漫游Theme:1.Natureembodieshumanbeingsintheirdiversecircumstance.Itisnaturethatgivehim“strengthandknowledgefullofpeace”2.Itisblisstorecolledthebeautyofnatureinpoetmindwhileheisinsolitude.Comment:Thepoetisverycheerfulwithrecallingthebeautifulsights.Inthepoemonthebeautyofnature,thereaderispresentedavividpictureoflivelyandlovelydaffodils(水仙)andpoet’sphilosophicalideasandmysticalthoughts.③LinesComposedAFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey丁登寺赋④TheSolitaryReaper孤独的割麦女⑤ThePrelude序曲autobiographicalpoemChapter3ColeridgeandSoutheyTheLakePoets:SamuelTaylorColeridge塞缪尔•泰勒•科尔律治1772~1834①TheRimeoftheAncientMariner古舟子颂②Christabel柯里斯塔贝尔unfinished③KublaKhan忽必烈汗adream-poemArtisticfeatures:mysticism,demonismwithstrongimagination,astrangeterritory④FrostatNight半夜冰霜⑤Dejection,anOde忧郁颂⑥LyricalBallads抒情歌谣集(withWilliamWordsworth)RobertSoutheyTheFallofRobespierrewithColeridgeChapter4GeorgeGordonByron乔治•戈登•拜伦1788~1824（拜伦式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂热、浪漫，却充满了反抗精神。内心充满了孤独与苦闷，却又蔑视群小。恰尔德·哈罗德是拜伦诗歌中第一个“拜伦式英雄”。）“Byronichero”isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinciples.①DonJuan唐•璜Writteninottavarima,eachstanzacontaining8iambicpentameterlinesrhymedabababccChildeHarold’sPilgrimage恰尔德•哈罗德尔游记Writteninspenserianstanza,ababbcbbcCain该隐②WhenWeTwoParted当初我们俩分别SheWalksInBeautyChapter5PersyByssheShelley波西•比希•雪莱1792~1822PoeticDrama：PrometheusUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯Theme:thedramacelebraiesman’svictoryovertyrannyandoppressionlongpoem:QueenMab麦布女王Condemningtyrannyandexploitatuonandtheunjustwarwagedbytherichtoplunderwealth.Lookingforwardtoahappyfutureformankindbutrejectingthepathofrevolutionbyvoilence.RevoltofIslam伊斯兰的反叛TheCenci钦契一家ADefenceofPoetry诗辩TheNecessityofAtheism无神论的必要性anti-religiouspamphletLyrics:OdetotheWestWind西风颂Theme:Theauthorexpresshiseagernesstoenjoytheboundlessfreedomfromthereality.Comparethewestwindtodestroyeroftheoldwhodrivesthelastsignsoflifefromthetrees,andpreserverofthenewwhoscattertheseadsshichsillcometolifeinthespring.Thisisapoemaboutrenewal,aboutthewindblowinglifebackintodeadthings,implyingnotjustanarcoflife(whichwouldendatdeath)butacycle,whichonlystartsagainwhensomethingdies.Comment:PercyByssheShelley'sOdetotheWestWindiswritteniniambicpentameter.Itcontainsfivesonnetlengthstanzas,eachwithaclosingcouplet.Therhymingschemeformisababcbcdcdedee.Thetoneispoignant.Manywillagreethatthispoemisaninvocationforanunseenforcetotakecontrolandrevivelife.Artisticfeatures:Usingrerzarima(三行诗ababcbcdcdedefe…)ToaSkylark致云雀Chapter6JohnKeats约翰•济慈1795~1821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名诗句。)①Fourgreatodes:OdeonaGrecianUrn希腊古瓮颂OdetoaNightingale夜莺颂OdetoPsyche心灵颂OdeOnMelancholy忧郁颂②ToAutumn秋颂Theme:ThethemeofJohnKeats'poem,ToAutumn,isthatchangeisbothnaturalandbeautiful.Thepoempraisesthegloriesofthefallseasonbyusingalmosteverytypeofimagerytobothcharmandappealtothereader.Comment:Thespeakerinthepoemacknowledgesthattimepassesby,butalsoassertsthatthischangeusuallyyieldssomethingnewandbetterthanwhatcamebefore.Eachofthepoem'sthreestanzasrepresentstheevolvingoftwodifferenttypesofchange.Onetypeofchangeshowninthepoemisthechangeofperiodsinaday.Chapter7CharlesLambTheEssaysofEliaChapter8HazlittandLeighHuntWilliamHazlitt:Essay:myfirstacquaintancewithpoetsLeighHunt:Eaasyist,critic,poetHedevelopedthelightmiscellaneouseaasy.Chapter9DeQuinceyTheconfessionsofanEnglishOpium-EaterChapter10WalterScott沃尔特•斯科特1771~1832(历史小说之父”)Fatherofhistorynovels①RobRoy罗伯•罗伊②Ivanhoe艾凡赫FeaturesofWalterScott'shistoricalnovels:1hehasanoutstandinggiftofvivifyingthepast.Hecombinedhistoricalfactwithromanticimagination2historicaleventsarecloselyinterwovenwiththefatesofindividuals3heisconcernednotonlywiththelivesanddeedsofkings,statementsandotherhitoricalfigures,butisalwaysmindfu