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发电厂燃煤锅炉燃烧控制系统设计摘要在热电厂中，以单位机组为控制对象有：锅炉汽包水位控制、燃烧过程控制以及过热蒸汽温度，过热蒸汽温度控制又包括过热蒸汽温度控制和再热蒸汽温度控制。其中，热电厂锅炉的燃烧控制对整个发电过程的安全性与经济性起着重要的作用，所以对它高效率的控制是现在热电厂的一个重要任务。本文以一台工业控制机作为上位机，以西门子S7-300可编程控制机为下位机，系统通过变频器控制电机的启动，运行和调速。上位机监控采用WinCC设计，主要完成系统操作界面设计，实现系统启停控制，参数设定，报警联动，历史数据查询等功能。下位机控制程序采用西门子公司的STEP7编程软件设计，主要完成模拟量信号的处理，温度和压力信号的PID控制等功能，并接受上位机的控制指令以完成风机启停控制，参数设定，循环泵的控制和其余电动机的控制。关键词:热电厂；锅炉燃烧；单片机；控制Coal-firedpowerboilersburningsinglechipcontrolsystemdesignAbstractThermalpowerplantboilercombustioncontrolplaysanimportantroleinsecurityandeconomyoftheentirepowergenerationprocess,thecontrolofitshighefficiencythermalpowerplantisanimportanttask.Inthispaper,theanalysisandstudyoftheentirecombustionsystem,theboilercombustioncontrolsystem,mainsteampressurecontrolsystemandthefurnacepressureandcontrolsystemcontrolprogram,thenitscontrollawandparameterselectionandtuning.Instrumentselection,usingadvanceddigitalinstrument,andusingtheCygnalmicrocontrollerdesignanintelligentcombustioncontrolsystem,giventhehardwareandsoftwareflowchart.ThecontrollertothenewC8051F020MCUasthecore,theuseoffuzzyPIDalgorithmforcomputingandcontrol,notonlycanbeanalog,digitalsignalsamplingandprocessing,butalsotocompletethestatedetectionandcontrol,alarmandfaulthandlingfunctions.Thecontrolsystemhasafast,highprecision,highreliabilityandasimplehardwarestructure.Finally,youcanreachtheboilersafe,economicalandefficientoperation.Keywords:heatandpowerplant;boilercombustion;microcontroller;control目录摘要..................................................................................................................................................1Abstract.............................................................................................................................................1目录..................................................................................................................................................1第一章绪论.....................................................................................................................................21.1研究目的和研究意义.........................................................................................................21.2国内外研究现状.................................................................................................................3第二章热电厂的生产工艺及单元机组的自动控制系统...........................................................52.1热电厂的生产工艺.............................................................................................................52.2热电厂单元机组的自动控制系统.....................................................................................62.2.1汽包水位控制..........................................................................................................62.2.2炉膛负压控制..........................................................................................................82.2.3蒸汽压力控制..........................................................................................................92.2.4经济燃烧控制........................................................................................................10第3章硬件设计...........................................................................................................................113.1用户系统框图..................................................................................................................113.2锅炉系统控制的对象......................................................................................................123.3燃烧过程控制...................................................................................................................183.4锅炉控制系统设计...........................................................................................................183.5控制系统构成...................................................................................................................20第4章软件设计...........................................................................................................................234.1S7-300系列PLC简介.....................................................................................................244.2PLC编程语言简介..........................................................................................................264.2.1PLC编程语言的国际标准...................................................................................264.2.2复合数据类型与参数类型....................................................................................274.2.3系统存储器............................................................................................................284.2.4S7-300CPU中的寄存器......................................................................................294.3STEP7的原理..............................................................................................................304.3.1STEP7概述...........................................................................................................304.3.2硬件组态与参数设置...........................................................................................314.3.3符号表........................................