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八年级下册Units1、21.marry(v.)→________(adj.)已婚的→_________(n.)婚姻2.pollute(vt.&vi.)→________(adj.)污染的→_________(n.)污染3.health(n.)→_______(adj.)健康的→_________(反义词)(adj.)不健康的→________(adv.)健康地marriedmarriagepollutedpollutionhealthyunhealthyhealthily4.luck(n.)→______(adj.)幸运的→________(反义词)(adj.)倒霉的→_______(adv.)幸运地5.please(v.)→________(adj.)令人愉快的→__________(反义词)使人不愉快的，讨厌的→_______(adj.)高兴的6.develop(v.)→____________(n.)发展→_________(n.)开发者luckyunluckyluckilypleasantunpleasantpleaseddevelopmentdeveloper7.relax(vi.)→_______(adj.)轻松的→________(adj.)令人放松的8.advantage(n.)→____________(反义词)劣势，不利因素9.describe(vt.)→___________(n.)描写，描述，说明10.attract(v.)→_________(adj.)有吸引力的，引起注意的→__________(n.)吸引；向往的地方11.perform(v.)→__________(n.)表演者→_____________(n.)表演relaxedrelaxingdisadvantagedescriptionattractiveattractionperformerperformance12.magic(n.)→________(adj.)有魔力的13.excite(v.)→_______(adj.)感到兴奋的→_______(adj.)令人兴奋的→__________(n.)激动14.harm(n.)→________(adj.)有害的→_________(反义词)(adj.)无害的，不会导致损伤的magicalexcitedexcitingexcitementharmfulharmless15.help(n.&v.)→_______(adj.)有帮助的，有益的→________(adj.)无助的16.use(n.&v.)→______(adj.)有用的→______(adj.)无用的17.mean(v.)→________(n.)意思，意义→___________(adj.)有意义的→___________(adj.)毫无意义的；不重要的helpfulhelplessusefuluselessmeaningmeaningfulmeaningless18.success(n.)→_______(v.)成功→__________(adj.)成功的→____________(adv.)成功地19.experience(n.)→____________(adj.)富有经验的20.culture(n.)→________(adj.)文化的→__________(adv.)人文地，文化地succeedsuccessfulsuccessfullyexperiencedculturalculturally【品词自测】根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空①I_______hadaflattireonthewayhere.(luck)②Thebaby’sfirststepcausedgreat_______inthefamily.(excite)③Pleasetrynottouse_______things.(harm)④It’stoolate.It’s_______foryoutocontinue.(use)答案:①unluckily②excitement③harmful④useless1.与某人一起玩耍play_____sb.2.结婚get________3.在过去___thepast4.把……变成……turn...____...5.过去常常干某事used____sth.6在某种程度上；在某些方面__someways7.不时地，偶尔_____time__timewithmarriedinintotodoinfromto8.顺便问一下___theway9.服务中___service10.独自___one’sown=___oneself11.例如such___12.takeactiontodosth.________________13.infact_______________14.inall___________15.abit_______16.becauseof______byinonbyas采取行动干某事实际上；事实上总共，共计有点儿因为1.当我两岁时，我和父母一起搬到了这里，而且自那时起一直住在这里。ImovedherewithmyfamilywhenIwastwoyearsoldand__________here_____then.2.这家工厂过去常常向河里倾倒废物垃圾。Thefactory_______dumpitswasteintotheriver.havelivedsinceusedto3.丹尼尔和桑迪从未去过南山，他们想和米莉一起去。DanielandSandy_________________SouthHill.TheywanttogowithMillie.4.米莉和埃米已经去书店买一些旅游方面的书了。MillieandAmy___________thebookshoptobuysomebooksontravelling.5.她离开家已经一个月了。She_________________homeforamonth.haveneverbeentohavegonetohasbeenawayfrom现在完成时【见P141】1.openadj.未围上的；开阔的◆It’snicetohaveopenspaceandprettygardens.有开阔的空地和美丽的公园真好。①那位大夫笑着说：“张着嘴，说‘啊’。”Thedoctorsaidwithasmile,“Keepyourmouth_______andsay‘Ah’.”②Themanputthelittlecaseontheplaygroundand_______itcarefully.A.openB.opensC.openedD.toopen【自主归纳】open两种词性的用法(1)open作形容词，意为“未围上的；开阔的”，可作定语、表语或宾语补足语，其反义词为______(close/closed)。(2)open作动词，意为“打开，敞开”等，其反义词为_____。答案：①open②Cclosedclose2.includevt.包括，包含◆It’safamousthemeparkandincludesfourdifferentparks—MainStreetUSA,Tomorrowland,FantasylandandAdventureland.它是一个著名的主题公园，包括四个不一样的公园——美国小镇大街、明日世界、幻想世界和探险世界。①租金每月四百元，包括水电费。Therentis400yuanamonth_______waterandelectricity.②Theirnamesare_______inthelist.A.includeB.includingC.includedD.toinclude【自主归纳】include/including的用法辨析(1)include作及物动词,意为“包括，包含”，后面直接跟名词、代词或v.-ing形式，可列举事物。(2)including作介词,意为“包括”，后跟名词、代词或v.-ing形式。答案：①including②C3.successn.成功◆Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母。①Fora________(success)classhumourisindispensable(必不可少的).②AtthemomentthatShenzhouⅨwassentup________,whataboutyourfeeling?A.successB.successfulC.successfullyD.unsuccessfully③目前想做成生意的唯一办法是坚持住。(完成句子)Theonlywayto______________businessthesedaysistokeepatit.【自主归纳】success的用法总结(1)success作名词，意为“成功”。其形容词形式为_________，意为“成功的”；其副词形式为___________，意为“成功地”。(2)succeed作不及物动词，意为“成功”。succeed__...,意为“在……方面成功”；succeedin_____sth.，意为“成功地做某事”。答案：①successful②C③succeedinsuccessfulsuccessfullydoingin4.experiencen.经历◆Itwasareallydelightfulholidayandameaningfulexperience.它真是一个愉快的假日，一次有意义的经历。①Mr.Liuisan________(experience)teacher.Hehaswaystomakehisclasslively.②Pleasetellmethe________(经历)aboutyourtriptoBeijing.【自主归纳】experience的用法小结(1)experience意为“经历，阅历”时，作可数名词；意为“经验，体验”时，作不可数名词；(2)experience还可以作动词，意为“经历，体验”；experienced为形容词，意为“有经验的”，可作定语或表语。答案：①experienced②experience5.getmarried结婚◆Welivedtogethertill1965,whenIgotmarried.我们一起生活到1965年，我就结婚了。①—Whendidyourbrother________married?—In2003.Hehas________marriedfor10years.A./;beenB.get;/C.get;beenD./;/②Itisthreeyearssincetheygotmarried.(改为同义句)Theyhave________married________threeyears.【自主归纳】marry及其相关用法toto【轻轻告诉你】marry作及物动词，表示和某人结婚时，后面直接跟人作宾语，而不需要再跟介词with。答案：①C②been;for6.usedto过去经常，以前常常◆Thepollutionwasterriblethenbecausethefactoryusedtodumpitswasteintotheriver.那时污染很严重，因为工厂常常把废物倾倒在河里。①Heusedto_______comics,butnowheisusedto_______magazines.A.read;readingB.reading;readC.read;readD.reading;reading②Thiskindofclothisused_______dress.A.tomakingB.tomakeC.tobemadeD.making【自主归纳】答案:①A②B7.abit有点儿◆TheyhavemovedtootherareasinBeijing,andIfeelabitlonelyfro