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1Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?一、短语集锦1.bemadeof由......制作/制造2.bemadein在......制作/制造3.environmentalprotection环境保护4.bemadefrom由......制造/制作5.befamousfor以...闻名；为人知晓6.beproducedin在......生产7.beknownfor以.....闻名；为人知晓8.asfarasIknow据我所知9.pickbyhand手工采摘10.sendfor发送；派人去请11.allovertheworld全世界12.nomatter不论；无论13.eventhough即使14.avoiddoingsth避免做某事15.everydaythings日常用品16.findout查明；弄清17.goonavacation去度假18.papercutting剪纸19.suchas例如20.turn...into把......变成......21.sendout发出；放出；发送22.becoveredwith被......覆盖23.riseinto上升到；升入24.puton张贴25.assymbolso作为......的象征f26.fairytale童话故事27.beusedfor被用于....二、重点解析：1.everyday与everydayeveryday是形容词，意为“每天的；日常的”，用来修饰名词。everyday意为“每天”，在句中通常作时间状语。用everyday或everyday填空(1)Youcanfindthatthesentenceiswidelyusedinour____________life.(2)David'sfathertakesexercise______________.2.bemadeof表示“由……制造”，通常表示从成品中可以看出原材料bemadefrom意为“由……制成”(看不出原材料);bemadein＋地点意为“在……（地方）制成”；bemadeby意为“被……制成”。3.beknown/famousfor与beknown/famousasbeknown/famousfor表示“作为……而出名”，后跟出名的原因。beknown/famousas表示“以……而出名”，后跟出名时的职业、身份或地位等。4.begood+介词begoodfor对…有好处begoodat擅长于=dowellinbegoodwith和…和睦相处begoodto对…友善=befriendlytoDrinkingmilkeverydayis________yourhealth.A．goodtoB．good2withC．goodforD．goodat5.nomatterwhat“无论什么”=whatevernomatterwho“无论谁”=whoevernomatterwhere“无论什么地方”=wherevernomatterwhen“无论什么时候”=whenevernomatterhow“无论怎样”=howeverWhateveryoulike,Iwillbuyitforyou.=__________________youlike,Iwillbuyitforyou.6.turninto=changeinto变成turnon打开/turnoff关上turnup开大，调高/turndown开小/调低7.英语中表示“花费”的表达（1）sbspend时间/金钱onsthsbspend时间/金钱(in)doingsth（2）sb.paymoneyforsth（3）sth.cost(sb.)+money(注意：cost的主语一定是物，过去式是cost。)（4）Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth练习：1.Theyspendtoomuchtime______thereport.A.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write2.--Whatbeautifulshoesyou’rewearing!Theymustbeexpensive--No,theyonly______l0yuan.A.spentB.tookC.paidD.cost3.--Willyouplease______formydinnerPeter?--Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take4.Itwill_____metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay5.完成那项工作花了他半个小时。It__________________halfanhourtofinishthework.6.Howmuchdoestheticket________fromShanghaitoBeijing?A.costB.tookC.spendD.pay7.Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan't________toomuchtime________that.A.take;doingB.spend;doingC.spend;fordoingD.take;todo三、被动语态（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成3被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shallbe＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing＋spoken现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.（六）特殊情况1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.→（1）AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.→（2）PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.一、典型例题（）1．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.4AareheldBwereheldC．areholdingD．willho1d（）2.Intheartshow，alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings．A．isgivingBisgivenCwillgiveDhasgiven（）3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teachesB.isteachingC.hastaughtD.istaught（）4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________asPeople'sWriter.A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards（）5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used（）6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleaned（）7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it____.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．A．pollutedBwaspollutedChaspollutedD．waspo11ute（）8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotecttheearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted（）9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen（）10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted（）11.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown（）12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.