NAL INSET - 世界银行

1CollectiveResponsibilitytoCapacityDevelopment:Kenya’sExperienceintheEducationSectorintheRecentPastAPresentationByProf.KaregaMutahi;PermanentSecretary,MinistryofEducationDuring2006LenCDForumatAICAD,Kenya2HistoricalBackgroundGoK’srecognitionoftheimportanceofhumancapitaldemonstratedbyHeavyinvestmentinthenecessaryhumanandinstitutionalcapacitydevelopmentfortheachievementofqualityeducation.sustainedandprogressiveefforttoputinplacestructurestowardsthisendsinceearly1960s3HistoricalBackgroundIntheEducationSector,therateofdevelopmentofneededcapacityhasnotbeencommensuratewiththedemandforeffectivemanagementineducationtheimplementationofprogrammes:ComprehensiveEducationSectorAnalysis(CESA)of1994MasterPlanforEducationandTraining(1997-2010)GoK/UNDPReportoncapacityandtraining,needsassessmentinMOE,etc.4HistoricalBackground•Ineffectivepolicysupport,lackofsuccessionmanagement,inadequatecapacityandcapacitydevelopmentprogrammesmadeeffective/efficientuseofavailableresourcesindeliveryofqualityeducationandtrainingdifficult5HistoricalBackgroundWellcoordinatedapproachtocapacitydevelopmentforefficientandeffectivedeliveryofqualityserviceshasbeenmadeabsolutelynecessaryduetotheDevelopmentofPovertyReductionStrategyPaperEconomicRecoveryStrategy,DeclarationofFPEin20036HistoricalBackgroundSuccessfulimplementationofFPErequired:WorkingoutmodalitiesforraisingandamalgamatingnecessaryresourcesBringingtogetheralleducationstakeholders,includingDevelopmentPartners(DP)Successfulformulationandapplicationofimplementationguidelineswasthusrealised7HistoricalBackgroundParticipatoryandconsultativeprocessthroughoutthecountryleadto:NationalConferenceonEducationandTraininginNovember2003GazettementofSessionalPaperNo.1of2005FormulationofKenyaEducationSectorSupportProgrammeinJuly,2005forrealizingthepolicyobjectives.8HistoricalBackgroundTheDonorstoEducationCoordinationGroup(1999/2000)EstablisheditsTORinrelationtoMOEvisionandmissionDPinvolvementinformulationofKESSPandimplementationofFPEMOE/DPjointM&EoftheimplementationofFPEencouragedDPtoendorseKenyatoreceiveFTIfunds,bringingincollectiveresponsibilityandmutualaccountability9HistoricalBackgroundLessonlearntandexperiencegainedfromtheon-goingdonorsupportedProgrammes/andpilotprojectsoncapacitydevelopmenthashelpedMOEdevelopowncapacityinInstructionalmaterialdeliveryIn-servicetrainingofteachers/headteachersandschoolmanagementcommittees(SMC)10In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)INSETofteacherstobuildcapacityforimprovedqualityofeducation,particularlyinthepoorly-performedareasofmathematicsandsciencesubjects;and,inresponsetosuchemergingissuesasHIV/AIDSandGender-responsiveteachinghasbeenincorporatedinKESSP11In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)MOE/JICAlaunchedtheStrengtheningofMathematicsandScienceinSecondaryEducation(SMASSE)INSETforsecondaryschoolteachersin1998Pilotedin9districts.SuccessfulimplementationandimpactleadtoaPhaseII,withnationalcoveragein2003.ExtendedtotakeonboardmathematicsteachersinDiplomaTTC,PTTCandTIVETinstitutions.12In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)TheMOE/DFIDschool-basedteacherdevelopment(SbTD),MOE/AKF/CIDAMOE/UNICEFMOE/USAIDOthersmallerpilotprogrammesbyNGOsandfaithbasedorganizations(FBO)13In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)MOE/Donorsupportedworkshopsandseminarssinceearly2004foreducationmanagers/administratorsonGeneralSWAPsResults-orientedmanagementPerformanceAppraisalSystem(PAS)14In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)FormulationofKESSPbyMOEandDevelopmentPartnersSWAPforKenyathatflexiblyincorporatedtheon-goingindividualprogrammeslikeSbTD,SMASSE,AFK/CIDA,UNICEFComplementcapacitybuildingintheeducationsectorsEffectivelyimprovedeliveryofeducationalservicesandeducationquality15In-ServiceEducation&Training(INSET)SomeKESSPIPstrategies,suchasteachereducation,secondaryeducation,ICT,TIVET,genderandhighereducationarestillbeingdeveloped.On-goingdiscussionsandconsultationsbyMOE/DPandotherstakeholdersonstrategiesforharmonizationofcapacitydevelopmentbasedontheon-goingandstipulatedKESSPinvestmentprogrammes16CapacityDevelopmentunderSWAP-KESSPImplementationofanyprogrammerequiresdevelopmentofrelevantpoliciesandimplementationcapacityonacontinuousbasis.17CapacityDevelopmentunderSWAP-KESSPPolicyandImplementationCapacityNeedtechnicalassistanceandsupport.PosemajorchallengesinaddressingtheParisDeclarationPromisingpilotedandbestpracticesneedtobeisolated,shared,adaptedandstrengthenedastheyarespreadforapplicationinimplementingeducationprogrammes.18CapacityDevelopmentunderSWAP-KESSPThedevelopmentandimplementationofFPEandSMASSEinKenyahaveprovidedvaluablelessonsworthdiscussingfurtherwithrespecttocapacitybuildinginasappertainstoaddressingParisDeclaration.Tremendouscapacityinmanagementofschoolprogrammes,financialmanagementinrespecttoinstructionalmaterialandinfrastructuredevelopmenthasbeenbuilt.19CapacityDevelopmentunderSWAP-KESSPSignificantcontributionbyout-sourced,consultancyworkingunderMOEleadership.However,unabletofullyinstitutionalizeandregularizecapacitydevelopmentmechanismsforcurrent