HAZARDCOMMUNICATION危险化学品交流WHYHAZARDCOMMUNICATION为什么进行危险化学品交流•Isforyourprotection目的是为了保护您的安全和健康。.•Isawayforyoutogetinformationaboutchemicalhazardsintheworkplace.使您得到关于化学品危害的信息。•Determinesthedangersofthechemicalsyouuseonthejob.了解与您工作岗位有关的化学品危害。•Tellsyouwhatthehazardsareandhowyoucanprotectyourselffromthem.使您了解存在的危险和如何进行自我保护。Classifiedhazardous分类1.Toxic-Mostchemicalsaretoxicatsomelevelofexposure.Ifallowedtoenterthebodythroughthenose,mouth,orskintheycanmakeyousick.Fumes,dust,andvaporsfromtoxicmaterialscanbeespeciallyharmfulbecausetheycanbeinhaledandquicklypassedfromthelungsintotheblood,allowingthepoisonstocirculatethroughoutthebody.有毒物质:在一定的暴露程度下,大多数化学品都是有毒的。一旦通过鼻、口或皮肤进入身体,它们将会致病。有毒的烟雾、粉尘和蒸汽特别有害,因为它们能被吸入体内,并迅速得通过肺进入血液,从而使毒素进入身体的内循环。Classifiedhazardous分类2.Corrosive-Materialslikestrongacidsandbasescaneatrightthroughothersubstances-includingyourclothing.Ifsplashedontheskinoreyes,theycancauseseriousburns.Awaythesematerialsmakethemselvesevenmoredangerousisbybreakingdownintopoisonousgases.腐蚀性物质:强酸、强碱等能腐蚀其它物质,包括您的衣服。如果被溅到皮肤上或眼里,会导致严重的灼伤。更危险的是,这些物质还会挥发成有毒的气体。Classifiedhazardous分类3.Explosive-Somesubstancescanexplodewhentheyareexposedtoheatorflame.Includedinthisexplosivecategoryarematerialslikeflammableliquidsandcompressedgases,whichcanexplodeundercertainconditions.Thesematerialsrequirecarefulstorageandhandlingtoavoidinjury.爆炸性物质:一些物质受热或遇火种时会爆炸。这类爆炸性物质包括可燃液体、压缩气体等一些在特定条件下会发生爆炸的物质。这些物质需要小心存放和处理以避免事故的发生。Classifiedhazardous分类4.FlammableandCombustible-Thiscategoryincludesallmaterialsthatcatchfireeasily,burnrapidly,spreadquickly,andgiveoffintenseheat.Manymaterialsstoredandusedintheplantareflammable,includingmanysolventsandlubricants.可燃物质:这类物质容易着火,迅速燃烧蔓延并散发大量的热量。工厂里存放和使用的许多物质都是可燃的,包括溶剂和润滑油等。Classifiedhazardous分类5.Reactive-Thesematerialshavetobeisolated,storedinspecialcontainers,andusedwithextremecaution.somecanburnwhenexposedtoairorwater,andsomecanburnwhenmixedwithothersubstances.Itisimportanttorememberthatreactivesubstancesdon’thavetobenearheatorflamestoburn.Theycanburnspontaneously.Theycanalsogiveoffvaporsthataredangerousifinhaled.反应性物质:这些物质必须隔离,存放在特定的容器内,并十分小心地使用。一些反应性物质遇空气和水时会燃烧,而另一些反应性物质一旦和其它物质混合时会燃烧。切记反应性物质并非只有在遇热和遇火时才会燃烧。它们会自燃。它们所挥发出来的蒸汽一旦吸入体内也将十分危险。RoutesofEntry进入的途径1.Absorption:Occursthroughtheskinoreyes.吸收:这里指的是通过皮肤和眼睛吸收2.Ingestion-Ifweeatasubstancethatcontainsaharmfulmaterial,thatsubstanceentersourbodybywayofourdigestivesystem吞咽:如果我们吃下了含有有害物质的东西,那么这些有毒物质将通过消化系统进入我们的身体。RoutesofEntry进入的途径1.Absorption:Occursthroughtheskinoreyes.吸收:这里指的是通过皮肤和眼睛吸收2.Ingestion-Ifweeatasubstancethatcontainsaharmfulmaterial,thatsubstanceentersourbodybywayofourdigestivesystem吞咽:如果我们吃下了含有有害物质的东西,那么这些有毒物质将通过消化系统进入我们的身体。RoutesofEntry进入的途径3.Injection-Themostfamiliarexampleofinjectionisthatofshotsgiventoadministermedicine.注射:最熟悉的注射的例子就是注射针剂。针头穿透皮肤将针剂注入体内。注射也会意外发生。4.Inhalation-Itisalsopossibletobecontaminatedbytoxicsubstanceswhenwebreathethemintoourlungs.吸入:当我们呼吸时也有可能会把有毒物质吸入肺部。Overexposuretohazardousmaterialsinitsearlystagescan:危险化学品的过量危害在早期可能:1.Makeyoufeeldizzy使您感到头晕目眩2.Makeyoufeelsicktoyourstomach使您感到胃部不适3.Makeyoureyes,nose,andthroatirritate使您感到眼鼻和喉咙疼痛Overexposuretohazardousmaterialsinitsearlystagescan:危险化学品的过量危害在早期可能:4.Giveyouskinrashes.引起皮疹使您感到头晕目眩5.Makeyoufeelespeciallynervous,agitated,orsluggish.使您焦虑烦躁,行动迟缓HowtoProtectYourself如何自我保护1.Usetherequiredprotectiveequipmentanduseitproperly.正确使用规定的防护用具2.Keepworkareasandtoolsclean.保持工作场所和工具的清洁。3.Keepworkclothescleanandmakesuretheyareingoodcondition.Holesandtearsallowchemicalstocomeintocontactwiththeskin.保持工作服的清洁和良好。洞和裂口会使化学品进入并接触到您的皮肤。HowtoProtectYourself如何自我保护4.Neverwearclothesorsafetyequipmentthathasbeencontaminatedbyhazardousmaterials.千万不要使用受危险化学品污染过的衣服和安全防护用品。5.Removecontactlenseswhenenteringworkareaswherechemicalvaporsmaybepresent.如果进入可能有化学品蒸汽的工作场所,请请脱下隐型眼镜。6.Washaccordingtoinstructionsifanyhazardousmaterialsplashesonyou.一旦被溅到危险化学品,请根据指示进行清洗。HowtoProtectYourself如何自我保护7.Alwayswashbeforeapplyingmakeuporlotion,andbeforeputtingonrubbergloves.在化妆、按摩和戴上橡胶手套前,请先洗手8.Washattheendofyourshift.下班后请立即洗手。9.Smoke,eat,ordrinkonlyindesignatedareas.Neveraroundhazardousmaterials.Andbesuretowashfirst.只在指定场所喝水、进食和吸烟。不要无故靠近危险化学品。请先洗手。HowtoProtectYourself如何自我保护10.Disposeofallchemicals,contaminatedrags,etc.,accordingtorequiredprocedures--usuallyintoacoveredcontainerfordailydisposal.Butneverassumethatanycoveredtrashcontaineristobeused.Ifyouareunsureaskyoursupervisor.根据规定的程序处理化学品和受污染的物品,通常被置入每天进行处理的有盖的容器内。但是不要使用那些有盖的垃圾箱。如果您无法确定,请询问您的主管。11.Clothingwornwhilehandlingchemicalsatworkshouldneverbemixedwithhomelaundry.上班处理化学品时穿的衣服请千万不要和家庭的日常衣物混在一起。SafetyGuidelines安全指导RULE1.Payattentiontowarningsigns.Theytellyouwhenhazardousmaterialsarepresent,howseverethehazardis,andwhatyoushouldandshouldn’tdoaroundthem.Makesureyoupayattentiontowhatthesesignstellyou.Warningsignsalertyoutochemicalsthat:规定1、请注意警告标志。它们会提示您哪儿有危险化学品,其危险性有多大,在其周围哪些是可以做哪些是不允许做的。请千万注意这些标志提供给您的信息。警告标志提示您下列的化学品:•Presenthealthhazards对健康有害•Areflammable可燃•Arereactive反应性•Presentotherspecifichazards有其它特殊危害SafetyGuidelines安全指导RULE2.Readalllabelscarefully.Youshouldalwaysreadthel