Types-of-Writing

1EnglishWriting2WritingandEnglishWritingWritingisaprocessinwhichwritersareagentsresponsibleformakingclearassertions(forcefulstatementsorclaims)witheffectivesupports.Simplyspeaking,writing,asanimportantmeansofcommunication,meansconveyingamessageinlanguageintelligibletoaseeminglyabsentaudienceforapurpose.3TypesofWritingNarrationTonarrateistogiveanaccountofwhathappenedorishappening.Simplyspeaking,narrationisthetellingofastory,whichinvolvescharactersandongoingactions.4Innarration,thesentencesareusuallyorganizedaccordingtotimeorder.Togainagoodorder,sometimesweneedthehelpoftimeorderwords.5Kiteflyingbeganlongago.Forthousandsofyearspeoplehavesentkitessoaringintothesky.Recently,kiteflyinghasbecomepopular.Todayhobbyshopssellmanykindsofkites.Areyoureadynowtotrythissport?Atfirstyoumayfeelclumsy.Beforelongyouwillgainskill.Soonyouwilllearntocontrolakite.Somedayyoumayevenenterkiteflyingcontests.Example:6Description•Thekindofwritingthataimsatconveyingamentalimageofsomeobject,person,place,scene,throughaverbalaccountoftheirappearances,movements,actionsorchanges7•Descriptiontellshowsomethinglooksorfeelsorsounds.Ittalksaboutsuchfeaturesassize,shape,color,soundortaste.•Descriptionfollowsvariouskindsoforder,dependingonwhatisbeingdescribed.•Whenwedescribeaplace,weusuallyfollowspaceorder.8Example:Theclassroomislarge,cleanandwelllighted.Thewallsarepalegreen.Inthewallattheleftasyouentertherearethreelargewindows.Theteacher’sdeskisinthefront.Blackboardscovermostofthewallattheright.9•Whenwedescribeaperson,we’llhavetoselectthatperson’smostinterestingandmostoutstandingfeatures.Example:Themanwhoopenedthedoorinanswertomyknockwasanelderlyman,white-hairedandbent.Helookedatmeoverhisspectacles,whichwerefardownonhisnose.Inspiteofhisage,hisdarkeyeswerekeenandhisvoicewasclearandstrong.Inoticedthathewaswearingabright-coloredsportsshirt.10FourSub-typesofDescription---Describingaperson(appearance;mind;action;language)11---Describingaplace(appearance;location;surroundings;givingabriefaccountofitshistory,geographicaswellaseconomicpositionifnecessary)12---Describingascene---Describinganobject(shape,size,colorandfunction)13HowtoWriteaDescriptionA.Establish(Create)adominantimpressionB.Appealtothesenses(sight,hearing,smell,taste,touch)C.IncludedetailsandusespecificlanguageD.Arrangedescriptioninspatialorder,sometimesintemporalorderE.Usethephysicalandmentalpointofview14Practice1.OurLibrary2.HowISpentLastSunday15Exposition•Expositionisthewritingthatexplains.Itoftenanswersthequestionshow?Andwhy?•Itspurposeistopresentideasandtomaketheideaasclearaspossible.•Itoftenfollowslogicalorder.16Inexposition,thewriterismorelikelytoappealtotheaudience’sreasonsbyusingevidenceandlogicratherthantoappealtotheiremotions.Theexpositorywriterusuallymovesfromtopicsentencetosupportingdetails,fromgeneraltoparticular.17•Theexpositorywriterusuallydevelopshismaterialbyofferingexamplesasevidence,bycomparingandcontrasting,bymakinganalogies,byrestating,bygivingreasons,byclassifyinganddividinghissubject,byshowingcauseandeffect,bydefining,andbyarguingfrompremisetoconclusion.PracticeWriteaone-paragraphcompositionon“WeekendsMeanDifferentThingstoDifferentPeople”.18BasicPrinciplesofWritingHonesty(Behonest.)Clarity(Beclear.)Brevity(Bebrief.)VarietyVarietyinsentencelengthVarietyinsentencemovementSimplicity(Besimple.)Humor(Behumorous.)Imagination