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1政府工作报告REPORTONTHEWORKOFTHEGOVERNMENT——2019年3月5日在第十三届全国人民代表大会第二次会议上SecondSessionofthe13thNationalPeople’sCongressofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,March2019国务院总理李克强LiKeqiangPremieroftheStateCouncil各位代表：FellowDeputies,现在，我代表国务院，向大会报告政府工作，请予审议，并请全国政协委员提出意见。OnbehalfoftheStateCouncil,Iwillnowreporttoyouontheworkofthegovernmentandaskforyourdeliberationandapproval.IalsoinvitecommentsfrommembersoftheNationalCommitteeoftheChinesePeople’sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC).一、2018年工作回顾I.2018inReview过去一年是全面贯彻党的十九大精神开局之年，是本届政府依法履职第一年。我国发展面临多年少有的国内外复杂严峻形势，经济出现新的下行压力。在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全国各族人民以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，砥砺奋进，攻坚克难，完成全年经济社会发展主要目标任务，决胜全面建成小康社会又取得新的重大进展。Theyear2018wasthefirstyearforputtingtheguidingprinciplesofthe19thNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChinafullyintoeffect.Itwasalsothisgovernment’sfirsttoperform,inaccordancewithlaw,thefunctionsofoffice.Inpursuingdevelopmentthisyear,Chinafacedacomplicatedandchallengingdomesticandinternationalenvironmentofakindrarelyseeninmanyyears,anditseconomycameundernewdownwardpressure.UnderthefirmleadershipofthePartyCentralCommitteewithComradeXiJinpingatitscore,we,theChinesepeopleofallethnicgroups,guidedbyXiJinpingThoughtonSocialismwithChineseCharacteristicsforaNewEra,forgedaheadandovercamedifficulties.Theyear’smaintargetsforeconomicandsocialdevelopmentwereaccomplished,andinbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects,wemademajorprogresstowardadecisivevictory.——经济运行保持在合理区间。国内生产总值增长6.6%，总量突破90万亿元。经济增速与用电、货运等实物量指标相匹配。居民消费价格上涨2.1%。国际收支基本平衡。城镇新增就业1361万人、调查失业率稳定在5%左右的2较低水平。近14亿人口的发展中大国，实现了比较充分就业。Themaineconomicindicatorswerekeptwithinanappropriaterange.Grossdomesticproduct(GDP)grewby6.6percent,exceeding90trillionyuan.Economicgrowthmatchedelectricityconsumption,freighttransport,andotherindicators.Consumerpricesroseby2.1percent.Inthebalanceofpaymentsabasicequilibriumwasmaintained.Afurther13.61millionnewurbanjobswereadded,andthesurveyedunemploymentrateremainedstableatacomparativelylowlevelofaround5percent.Asabigdevelopingcountrywithapopulationcloseto1.4billion,wehaveattainedrelativelyfullemployment.——经济结构不断优化。消费拉动经济增长作用进一步增强。服务业对经济增长贡献率接近60%，高技术产业、装备制造业增速明显快于一般工业，农业再获丰收。单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.1%。质量和效益继续提升。Economicstructurewasfurtherimproved.Consumptioncontinuedtoplayanincreasingroleindrivingeconomicgrowth.Theservicesector’scontributiontogrowthapproached60percent.Growthinhigh-techindustriesandequipmentmanufacturingoutstrippedthatofotherindustries.Harvestswereagaingood.EnergyconsumptionperunitofGDPfellby3.1percent.Thequalityandreturnsofgrowthcontinuedtoimprove.——发展新动能快速成长。嫦娥四号等一批重大科技创新成果相继问世。新兴产业蓬勃发展，传统产业加快转型升级。大众创业万众创新深入推进，日均新设企业超过1.8万户，市场主体总量超过1亿户。新动能正在深刻改变生产生活方式、塑造中国发展新优势。Newgrowthdriversgrewrapidly.Anumberofmajorscientificandtechnologicalinnovationsweremade,liketheChang’e-4lunarprobe.Emergingindustriesthrivedandtraditionalindustriessawfastertransformationandupgrading.Businessstartupsandinnovationcontinuedtosurgenationwide,withanaverageofover18,000newbusinessesopeningdailyandthetotalnumberofmarketentitiespassingthe100millionmark.Newgrowthdriversarenowprofoundlychangingourmodeofproductionandwayoflife,creatingnewstrengthsforChina’sdevelopment.——改革开放取得新突破。国务院及地方政府机构改革顺利实施。重点领域改革迈出新的步伐，市场准入负面清单制度全面实行，简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革力度加大，营商环境国际排名大幅上升。对外开放全方位扩大，共建“一带一路”取得重要进展。首届中国国际进口博览会成功举办，海南自贸试验区启动建设。货物进出口总额超过30万亿元，实际使用外资1383亿美元、稳居发展中国家首位。Newbreakthroughsweremadeinreformandopeningup.InstitutionalreformsofboththeStateCouncilandlocalgovernmentswereimplementedsmoothly.Newprogresswasmadeinreforminkeyfields.Thenegativelistsystemformarketaccesswasputfullyintoeffect.Reformstostreamlineadministrationanddelegatepower,improveregulation,andupgradeserviceswereintensified,andourbusinessenvironmentrosesignificantlyininternationalrankings.Openingupwasexpandedonallfronts,andjointeffortstopursuetheBeltandRoadInitiative(BRI)madesignificantheadway.ThefirstChinaInternationalImportExpowasasuccess.WorkbeganonbuildingtheChina(Hainan)PilotFreeTradeZone.China’stotalvolumeoftradeingoodsexceeded30trillionyuan,anditsutilizedforeigninvestmenttotaledUS$138.3billion,rankingChinafirstamongdevelopingcountries.3——三大攻坚战开局良好。防范化解重大风险，宏观杠杆率趋于稳定，金融运行总体平稳。精准脱贫有力推进，农村贫困人口减少1386万，易地扶贫搬迁280万人。污染防治得到加强，细颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度继续下降，生态文明建设成效显著。Thethreecriticalbattlesgotofftoagoodstart.Weforestalledanddefusedmajorrisks.Themacroleverageratiotrendedtowardastablelevel;thefinancialsectorwasgenerallystable.Precisionpovertyalleviationmadesignificantprogress,withtheruralpoorpopulationreducedby13.86million,including2.8millionpeopleassistedthroughrelocationfrominhospitableareas.Pollutionpreventionandcontrolwasstrengthened,andPM2.5concentrationscontinuedtofall.Markedachievementsweremadeinecologicalconservation.——人民生活持续改善。居民人均可支配收入实际增长6.5%。提高个人所得税起征点，设立6项专项附加扣除。加大基本养老、基本医疗等保障力度，资助各类学校家庭困难学生近1亿人次。棚户区住房改造620多万套，农村危房改造190万户。城乡居民生活水平又有新提高。Livingstandardscontinuedtoimprove.Percapitadisposablepersonalincomegrewby6.5percentinrealterms.Thethresholdforindividualincometaxwasraisedandsixspecialadditionaldeductionswerecreated.Supportforbasicelderlycareandbasichealthcarewasstrengthened.Cl