美式英语和英式英语差别

DifferencesBetweenAE&BEAmE&BrEI.Pronunciation1.[r]音：在英国英语中，r在元音后不卷舌，而在美国英语中则要卷舌，如horse,air,bird,work,north,actor,car,article,earth,firm,turn等。2.[a]音：在英国英语中发长音[:]或短音[]的地方，美国英语发成[a]，口形比[:]窄，且发音稍后，口形比[]宽，且发音稍前，介于[:]和[]之间，如dog,hot,pot,fox,rock,box,progress,possible,problem,body,shop,water等。3.[]音：在英国英语中，字母o和u或ou后面有r音，而r之后又有元音时，读作[]，而在美国英语中则读作[]，如hurry,hurry-scurry,hurricane,worry,current,courage,encourage等。I.Pronunciation4.[æ]音:在英国英语中发[a:]的地方，美国英语发成[æ]，如在擦音s之前，ask,past,fast,glass,last,basket,vast,task，在擦音f之前，draft,raft,half,after,laugh,calf,等，在擦音θ之前，path,bath，在鼻音n之前，command,demand,advance,plant,dance,answer,在鼻音m之前，example,sample等。5.[i]音：英国英语中非重读音节中的[ai]，美国英语读作[i]，如organization,realization,fragile,fertile,而在一些词中，英国英语读[i]，而美国英语则读[ai]，如advertisement等。I.Pronunciation6.[u]音：许多在英国英语中读[ju:]的词，在美国英语中读[u]，尤其当ew,u,ue,ui出现在s,d,t,n等擦音、塞音与鼻音之后，如new,news,nuclear,dew,duty,tutor,Tuesday,due,suit等。7.[t]音：在美国英语中，当[t]出现在两个元音之间、重读音节之后，发音短，不吐气，听起来十分像[d]，如writer,letter,water,matter,butter,bitter,lighter,little等。8.[l]音：在英国英语中，不清晰的[l]音只出现在元音之后，如full,dull，而在美国英语中，出现在两个元音之间、非重读音节之前时，l也发成不清晰的[l]音，如feeling,pulling,million,column等。II.VocabularyA.同义异词裤子:(AE)pants,(BE)trousers；监狱:(AE)jail,(BE)gaol；电影:(AE)movie,(BE)film；得病:(AE)sick,(BE)ill；借出:(AE)loan,(BE)lend；行李:(AE)baggage,(BE)luggage；电梯:(AE)elevator,(BE)lift；罐头:(AE)can,(BE)tin；水龙头:(AE)faucet,(BE)tap；II.VocabularyA.同义异词糖果:(AE)candy,(BE)sweets；铁路:(AE)railroad,(BE)railway；打电话:(AE)call,(BE)ring；沙发:(AE)couch,(BE)sofa；主持人:(AE)emcee,(BE)compere；零:(AE)zero,(BE)nought；休息日:(AE)day-off,(BE)off-day；软饼:(AE)biscuit,(BE)scone;饼干:(AE)craker,(BE)biscuit；II.VocabularyA.同义异词月落:(AE)moon-down,(BE)moon-set；旅行鞋:(AE)sneakers,(BE)tennisshoes;点名簿:(AE)class-book,(BE)roll-book；毛线衣(AE)sweater,(BE)jumper；汗衫:(AE)undershirt,(BE)vest；背心:(AE)vest,(BE)waistcoat；手提包:(AE)purse,(BE)handbag；公寓:(AE)apartment,(BE)flat；秋季:(AE)fall,(BE)autumn.II.VocabularyB.同词异义billion,美国英语指十亿,英国英语指万亿；overall,美国英语指宽松的工装裤,英国英语指与皮靴相配的紧身裤；tardy，美国英语指时间迟晚,英国英语指行动缓慢；dodger，美国英语指玉米饼或小传单,英国英语指滑头的骗子；ship,美国英语指任何形式的运输,英国英语指海运；guy,美国英语指任何普通人,英国英语指古怪荒诞的人。III.SpellingA.or/our美国英语用or,英国英语用our:color/colour;endeavor/endeavour;honor/honour;labor/labour;vigor/vigour;ardor/ardour;odor/odour;behavior/behaviour;III.SpellingA.or/ourfavor/favour;humor/humour;neighbor/neighbour;rigor/rigour;savor/savour;savior/saviour;vapor/vapour.III.SpellingB.er/re美国英语用er,英国英语用re:center/centre;fiber/fibre;liter/litre;meager/meagre;somber/sombre;III.SpellingB.er/re美国英语用er,英国英语用re:caliber/calibre;meter/metre;luster/lustre;specter/spectre;theater/theatre.III.SpellingC.se/ce美国英语用se,英国英语用ce:defense/defence;offense/offence;pretense/pretence;license/licence.III.SpellingD.og/ogue美国英语用og,英国英语用ogue:catalog/catalogue;dialog/dialogue;monolog/monologue;epilog/epilogue;prolog/prologue;demagog/demagogue.III.SpellingE.gram/gramme美国英语用gram,英国英语用gramme:program/programme;kilogram/kilogramme;centigram/centigramme.III.SpellingF.et/ette美国英语用et,英国英语用ette:cigaret/cigarette;quartet/quartette;omelet/omelette;epaulet/epaulette;pantalets/pantalettes.III.SpellingG.ction/xion美国英语用ction,英国英语用xion:connection/connexion;deflection/deflexion;inflection/inflexion.III.SpellingH.e/ae(oe)美国英语用e,英国英语用ae/oe:eon/aeonesthetic/aesthetic;estival/aestival;etiology/aetiology;anemia/anaemia;diarrhea/diarrhoea;III.SpellingH.e/ae(oe)encyclopedia/encyclopaedia;gynecology/gynaecology;hemorrhage/haemorrhage;maneuver/manoeuvre;edema/oedema;septicemia/septicaemia.III.SpellingI.lyze/lyse美国英语用lyze,英国英语用lyse:analyze/analyse;paralyze/paralyse.III.SpellingJ.ll/l美国英语用ll,英国英语用l:instill/instil;distill/distil;enroll/enrol;fulfill/fulfil.III.SpellingK.ize/ise美国英语坚持用ize形式，英国英语ise/ize都用，前者更为常见:civilize/civilise;organize/organise;recognize/recognise;memorize/memorise,在带ize/ise的单词中，有些只用ize:seize,capsize,有些只用ise:advise,surprise.III.SpellingL.其它承认:(AE)acknowledgment,(BE)acknowledgement；附件:(AE)annex,(BE)annexe；斧子:(AE)ax,(BE)axe；支票:(AE)check,(BE)cheque；通风:(AE)draft,(BE)draught；灰色的:(AE)gray,(BE)grey；犁:(AE)plow,(BE)plough；过去的:(AE)preterit,(BE)preterite；III.SpellingL.其它楼层:(AE)story,(BE)storey；运货车:(AE)wagon,(BE)waggon；崇拜:(AE)worshiping,(BE)worshipping；怀疑论者:(AE)skeptic,(BE)sceptic；轮胎:(AE)tire,(BE)tyre；睡衣:(AE)pajamas,(BE)pyjamas.III.Whatisthesymbolisminthenationalflag?Pattern.Color.HistoricalChange.Implication.TheUnionFlag/UnionJackAflagmadeupoftheindividualflagsofthreeKingdom'scountries•TheNationalFlagofEnglandistheflagofSt.George(thepatronsaintofEngland),aredcrossonawhiteground,whichwasintroducedbyRichardtheLionheartofEnglandin1194.ScotlandSt.Andrew•TheNationalFlagofScotlandistheflagofSt.Andrew(thepatronsaintofScotland),adiagonalwhitecross(calledasaltire)onabluefield.NorthernIrelandSt.Patrick•TheNationalFlagofIrelandistheflagofSt.Patrick(thepatronsaintofIreland),adiagonalredcrossonawhitebackground.England+Scotland•In1603,KingJamesVIofSco