情态动词表示推测和可能性

 情态动词近几年的考查趋势:有效信息越来越隐蔽;情景越来越生动真实;考查的角度越来越细化综合化。情态动词近几年的考查要点:1.情态动词的基本用法。2.情态动词表示推测和可能性,3.“情态动词+havedone”。4.情态动词的特定用法。2/28/2020一情态动词表推测;二情态动词+havedone；三解题技巧2/28/2020Let'sreadandtranslatethesentences!①Shecouldn't/can'tbesostupidtodothat.②Imaybebusyfromtomorrowon.③Youmustbetiredafterworkingsolong.④Sheshouldn'tbeoutinsuchanearlymorning.她不可能去做那种事吧。从明天起我可能会忙起来。你工作这么久以后肯定累了吧。她不会这么一大早就出去。一、情态动词表推测1.肯定的推测一般用must,should,oughtto,may（might）或could（不用can），其中，________的语气最强，译为“肯定”、“准是”、“想必是”；_______________的语气次之，译为“很可能”、“应该”，指按常理推测；____________________的语气最弱，译为“也许”、“可能”。mustshould/oughttomay（might），could①----AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?----I’mnotsure.I___gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might②---Hi,tom.Anyideawherejaneis?—She_______intheclassroom.Isawherjustnow.A.shallbeB.willbeC.mustbeD.canbe③Accordingtothespeed,thecar________arriveatShanghaibeforeitgetsdark.A.shallB.shouldC.mustD.needshould表推测时，“按道理该如此”，一般句末有时间状语，或有语境暗示。①It's8o'clocknow.Heshouldbeintheofficenow.②Hi,Mum!I'monthebus.Ishouldbehomeinabouttenminutes.注：can有时也用于肯定句中表示推测，主要用于表示理论上的可能性(即从理论上看是可能的，但实际未必会发生)，或表示“有时”之意。如：Evenexperiencedteacherscanmakemistakes.____________________________________________Foodpoisoningcancausedeath._______________________________________即使是有经验的教师也可能出错。食物中毒可导致死亡。1.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometime.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would2.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_____behereatanymoment.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must2.否定推测分为两种情况：1）语气不很肯定时，常用maynot,mightnot，译为____________________2）否定语气较强时，则用__________，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，与__________的意思刚好相反。可能不、也许不can’tmust1.--IsJohncomingbytrain?--Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need2.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,it_______behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot3.疑问句中的推测，往往用can或could。Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony？A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must翻译：布什先生做什么事都很准时，他怎么会开幕式迟到呢？二、情态动词表推测时的时态问题以must为例1、推测现在的事,结构是：eg.Hegoestoschoolwithabigbageveryday.Hemustbeastudent.2、推测正在进行的事：eg.Thelightisoffnow.Hemustbesleeping.3、推测过去的事：eg.LihuatookalotofphotosinLondon.Hemusthavevisitedthecity.mustdo/bemustbedoingmusthavedone/been说出下列结构的含义musthavedonecan'thavedonemay/mighthavedonecanhavedone肯定做过某事不可能做过某事也许做过某事（肯定句）也许做过某事(疑问句）解决情态动词表推测的题目思路是：1、判断句式，2、看推测的把握有多大,3、看推测的事情什么时候发生。小综合练习1.—IthinkHelenisathome.—No,she_____be,forshephonedmefromtheairportjustfiveminutesago.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.oughtnot2.-Goodmorning.IgotanappointmentwithMissSmithyesterday.-Ah,you______beMr.Peter.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.can3.Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?There______betwelve.A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.shall4.Heisagoodsportsmansohe_____winthematchevenheisinjured.A.canB.mightC.succeededtoD.wasableto5.Althoughthistask____soundeasy,greatcareisneeded.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should6．---WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.---They_____bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need7.—Thereisnolightintheroom.—_____hebesleeping?A.MustB.ShallC.CanD.Will8.Hurryup,he_____foryouattheschoolgatenow.A.maybewaitingB.mayhavewaitedC.mustbewaitingD.mightwait9.Thiscakeisverysweet.You______alotofsugarinit.A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput10.——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.A.maystealB.mighthavestolenC.muststealD.musthavestolen11.-Shelooksveryhappy.She__havepassedtheexam.-Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might12.She___haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’tmusthavedonecan'thavedonemay/mighthavedonecanhavedoneshould(oughtto)havedoneshouldn't(oughtn'ttohavedonecouldhavedoneneedhavedoneneedn'thavedone二、“情态动词+完成式”表对过去的猜测表虚拟1.“should（oughtto）+完成式”表示____________________________。“shouldn’t（oughtn’tto）+完成式”表示某种行为______________________________。本应该做某事而实际上没有做不该发生但却发生了①Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat②—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold2.“could+havedone”表示__________________但结果没能做成，含有遗憾的意味。本来能够做成某事Wecouldhavefacedthedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?注意：canhavedone表示过去可能做过某事WherecanMaryhaveputtheemptybottles?Youneedn’thavewalkedup;you_______________thelift.A.couldhavetakenB.couldtakeC.canhavetakenD.cantake3.“needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示_________________而实际上做了某事。Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I______thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken本来不必做某事1.She_____thebooksometimeinthepast,orshecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsowell.A.canhaveB.musthavereadC.shouldreadD.needreading2.Tomwentonfoot,buthe_____bybus.A.mightbegoingB.shouldgoC.couldhavegoneD.oughthavegone小综合练习3.Mary_____thehospitalsosoon,forshehadnotgotrecovered.A.hasleftB.didn’tleaveC.musthaveleftD.shouldn’thaveleft4.Therewasplentyoftime,soshe_____.A.mustn’thave