Energy at NASA Past, Present and Future

NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•EnergyandPowerforNASA’sMissions•NASAGlenn’sLegacyinAlternativeandRenewableEnergy•CurrentActivitiesinAlternativeandRenewableEnergyNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•CrewedtransportationtoSpaceStation,MoonandMars•OperationsonMoonandMarssurfaceScience•Roboticmissionstoplanets,moonsanddestinationswithinsolarsystem•SpacecraftforobservationoftheEarth,SunandUniverseAeronauticsImprovedtechnologiesforfuturesubsonic,supersonic,hypersonicandrotarywingaircraftNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(launchedin1958)PASTEnergyfromtheSunforLongDurationMissionsMarsExplorationRoversJUNOMissiontoJupiterPRESENT&FUTUREInternationalSpaceStationNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(1958)usedMercuryprimarybatteryforlowpowertransmitterPASTPRESENT&FUTUREMarsExplorationRoversRechargableLi-IonSecondaryBatteryDesertResearchandTechnologyStudies(RATS)DemonstrationBatteryNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(1961)ShuttleOrbiterFuelCell(≥1981)ERASTHeliosPrototype(2001)Regenerativefuelcellpowersystemfornear-termlunarmissions(2020)TeledyneUpgradedMulti-kWBreadboardNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(2006)SNAP-3DemoUnitPolonium-poweredRTGmeetsthePresident(1959)Long-livedPowerIndependentofSunFUTUREPAST&PRESENTStirlingConvertordevelopedbySunpowerTechnologiesAdvancedStirlingRadioisotopeGenerator(ASRG)TitanOrbiterFlagshipMission(~2018)NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•Highenergydensitystorage•Highspeedmotor/generator•Magneticbearings•Integratedenergystorageandattitudecontrol•Motor/invertercontrolsFlywheelsEfficient,HighSpecificPowerEnergyStorageNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•EnergyandPowerforNASA’sMissions•NASAGlenn’sLegacyinAlternativeandRenewableEnergy•CurrentActivitiesinAlternativeandRenewableEnergyNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(1986)•1970:NASALewisestablishestheAutomotiveSystemsOfficefundedbytheEPA•Initialfocusistodevelopgas-turbinesascleaner-burningautomobileengines•LaterStirlingengineandelectric-poweredcarsweredevelopedanddemonstratedNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(100mdiameter–largestinworld)windturbinesontheislandofOahu,HawaiiWindTurbineTechnologyMod-0100kWExperimentalWindTurbineinSandusky,OhioNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NorthernAfrica),July1983IndonesianphotovoltaicsatelliteEarthsystem,Wawatobi,Sulawesi,Indonesia,May1985Tangaye,UpperVolta,Africa,April1979Schuchuli,Arizona,USA,1978TerrestrialApplicationsofPhotovoltaicsNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration:SolarStirlingpowersystemFreepistonStirlingtestcellStirlingCycle-basedPowerSystemsNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•EnergyandPowerforNASA’sMissions•NASAGlenn’sLegacyinAlternativeandRenewableEnergy•CurrentActivitiesinAlternativeandRenewableEnergyNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(amb)Examplebiofuelstock–saltwateralgaeandseedplantsthatgrowinsalt-richhabitats(Halophytes)Greenhouseforresearchofbio-materialproductiontechniquesAlternativeCoalandBio-derivedFuelsforAviationNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration•SystemrecentlyinstalledatGRCtoprovidefacilitypower–Connecteddirectlytoutilitydistributiongrid–Facilitypowercanbeobtainedfromtheutilitysystemasnormal–PVsystemissynchronizedwiththeutilitysystem–PVsystemprovidespowerforthefacility,andexcesspowerisprovidedtotheutilitysys