沪教牛津版八年级下Unit-3-讲解及练习

第1页沪教牛津版八年级下Unit3讲解及练习基础知识：短语1.akindof......一种2.papercutting剪纸3.upto到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有4.setoff出发、动身5.tie....around拴....在...的周围6.apieceof一片、一条7.upanddown起伏、上下波动8.atthefrontof在...的前面9.throw...into把...扔进10.afterdark天黑后、黄昏后11.nomore不再、再也不12.lookup抬头看、查询13.bringup抚养、养育、教养14.millionof数百万15.make...from...用....做成16.allthetime一直17.turn...into把...变成18.puton上演19.cutout剪成20.bemadeof由...做成21.intheshapeof以......的形状22.closeto靠近23.getone’sattention得到某人的关注24.putup张贴、挂句型1.usedtodosth过去常常做某事2.usesthtodosth用...去做某事3.begoodatdoingsth擅长做某事4.getreadyforsth为...做好准备5.keepsb/sthadj使某人/某物....6.beusedtodosth被用来做某事7.beusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事8.makesb/sthadj使某人/某物....9.as+adj原级+as和......一样语法：被动语态1.Nonetsarerequiredforthistypeoffishing.这种捕鱼方式不需要网。2.CormorantfishingwasoncepratisedinlotsofplacesinSouth-EastChina...曾经中国东南部很多地方从事鸬鹚捕鱼业......3.Amusicshowwillbeheldintheschoolhallat4p.m.onTuesday,4May.5月4日星期二下午4点，将在学校大厅举行音乐表演。说明：句1是一般现在时的被动语态，句2是一般过去时的被动语态，句3是一般将来时的被动语态。英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1.基本构成be+过去分词Footballisplayedallovertheworld.足球风靡世界。Isitmadeofbamboo?它是用竹子做的吗？第2页2.基本变法WeVisitedthatfactorylastsummer主动语态主语谓语宾语其余部分Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer被动语态主语谓语宾语其余部分宾语提前做主语，主语变为介词by的宾语，谓语变为be+过去分词，时态根据主动语态来确定。3.省去by的几个条件(1)不知道、没必要或不想说出动作的执行者。Riceisgrownwellthere.(2)强调说明动作的承受者IwassenttoteachthemEnglish.(3)汉语中有“据说、大家说”等Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.4.各种时态的被动语态(1)一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are+过去分词IamoftengivengiftsbyTom.ThethingsonshowareallmadeinChina.Istheroomcleanedeveryday?(2)一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词Jimwasaskedtogothere.Thevisitorswerestoppedfromleavingthetopofthemountainbytheheavysnow.(3)一般将来时的被动语态willbe+过去分词或者am/is/are+过去分词Lotsoftreeswillbeplantedonthehillnextyear.Thechildrenwon’tbeallowedtogooutatnight.Isthebridgegoingtobebuiltbytheworkersnextyear?5.特殊情况：复合宾语的被动语态感官动词和使役动词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时必须加上to.主动：Thebossmadeherworkfor10hoursaday.被动：shewasmadetoworkfor10hoursaday.练习：1.---Didn’tyouseethesigh“NoParking!”ontheright?---Sorry,Ididn’t.ButnowIknowparking_______here.A.wasn’tallowedB.isn’tallowedC.won’tallowD.doesn’tallow2.Annie_____totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithus.A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.hasinvited3.---Anewpark_______inourhometownnextyear.----Really?Ourhometownmustbemorebeautiful.第3页A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.isbuilt4.---Excuseme,I’mlookingforBetheBestofYourself.----Sorry.Thebookyouaskforis______out.A.issellingoutC.issoldC.wassellingD.willbesold5.Eachyearquitealotoffood______aroundtheworld.It’sreallytimeforustodosomething.A.waswastedB.iswastedC.wastedD.willbewasted6.Flowers_____alongtheroadlastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted7.Itissaidanewmuseum_______inourcitynextyear.A.buildsB.isbuildingC.willbebuiltD.wasbuilt8.---DoesshelikesingingEnglishsongs?---Yes,she_____tosingEnglishsongsinherroom.A.oftendoesB.isoftenheardC.oftenhearsD.oftenheard练习：一、根据提示完成单词1.Whatdoesyourmotherlooklike?Canyoud_______her?2.Tomoftentakesexercise,soheisveryf______.3.Youneedapairofs_______tomakepapercuttings.4.Theflightwillr_______Beijingat9:00.Let’spickherupattheairport.5.Mygrandfatherisaf_______.Hemakesalivingbyfishing.二、用所给词语的适当形式填空6.Tomoftenpractises_________(speak)Chinesewithhisfriend.7.Therearetwo__________(fisherman)ontheboat.8.Glassis_________(made)intobottles.9.Youngtreesrequire__________(plant)inSpring.10.Ilikethekiteverymuch.It’svery________(love).三、单选11.Halfanhour______,theyreturnedschool.A.lateB.afterC.laterD.in12.---Frog,Moyan’snovel,please.---Sorry,it______justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.A.hadbeensoldoutB.issoldoutC.hassoldoutD.wassoldout13.Today,theforestshavealmostgone;wemuststoppeople_____downtoomanytrees.A.tocutB.cutC.fromcuttingD.fromcut14.______peoplecometoJilintovisitMountChangbaieveryyear.A.MillionsofB.MillionofC.MillionsD.Million15.Iknow______aboutJapanese.Youmaygoandaskhim.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little16.---Yourclassroomisreallybrightandclean.---It____afterschooleveryday.A.iscleanedB.cleanedC.wascleanedD.cleans第4页17.---Howsoon______allthework_____?----Inaweek.A.will;finishB.is;goingtofinishC.will;befinishedD.are;goingtobefinished18.---Thebedlooksverynice.What’sitmade______?----Wood,anditismade_____Shanghai.A.from;inB.of;inC.from;onD.of;at19.---Lookatthe_______,madam.Theredskirtissmallerthantheblueone.---Yeah.Thereadonesuitsmebetter,Ithink.A.colourB.sizeD.weightD.price20.UncleWangusedto______anewspaperathomeaftersupper.Butnowheisusedto_____outforawalk.A.read;goB.reading;goC.reading;goingD.read;going四、完形填空Kitesaremadeofthinsticksandpaper.Mostpeoplehaveseenakiterideanddip(上下翻飞)inastrongMarch__21__orhaveflown__22__.ButnotsomanypeopleknowthattheChineseweremakingandflyingkiteseven__23__peoplewerewriting.Alongtimepassed,theChinesemadekitesto__24__inwars.Theywouldflythesewarkitesatnight.Thekiteswerefixed__25__theymadestrangesounds.Theenemies(敌人)were__26__andranaway.They__27__thosestrangesoundsweremadebyspiritsinthesky.TheChinesepeoplealsoflewkitesto__28__goodluckandtomaketheir__29__richandtall.Sometimestheywouldflythekites__30__water,pullinghooks(钩子)hungdowntocatchfish.()21.A.rainB.windC.cloudsD.snow