基于总磷的长湖水环境容量核算

34620096ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol34No6June2009:2009-01-14:(1984-),,,:1674-6139(2009)06-0043-05王钪,卢进登,梁雄兵,陈红兵(,430062):在对长湖流域水资源状况水质现状水文条件调查的基础上,根据水质目标的要求,利用纳污水体的概率型水环境容量模型,对基于总磷的长湖水环境容量进行了核算结果表明:长湖的水环境容量是动态变化的,而模型的选取和参数的取值对概率型水环境容量的计算非常关键通过计算分析得到长湖磷的概率水环境容量为:19%丰水期:419t/a~459t/a;49%平水期:318t/a~419t/a;32%枯水期:118t/a~318t/a:概率型水环境容量;水质模型;总磷;长湖:X26:ATheCalculationonWaterEnvironmentalCapacityBasedonTPinChanghuWangKang,LuJindeng,LiangXiongbing,ChenHongbing(FactualtyofResoursesandEnvironmen,tHubeiUniversity,Wuhan430062,China)Abstract:ThethesisisadoptedtoChanghulakebasinwaterresourcestate,waterqualitycurrentsituation,foundationthatin-vestigateofhydrologyterms,andaccordingtotherequestofwaterqualitygoa,lcalculatestheenvironmentalcapacityofwaterbasedontheTPbytheexistingprobabilitytypeenvironmentalcapacityofwaterofreceivingthesewagebody.Theresultshowstha:tTheenvironmentalcapacityofwaterofgettingthelakeisdynamicchange,thechoosingofmodelamongthemandcalculationoftheprobabilitytypeenvironmentalcapacityoffetchingvalueoftheparameterarethekey.ThroughenvironmentalcapacityofprobabilitywaterofgettingtheChanghuLakephosphorusofcomputationalanalysisbeing,19%wetseason:419t/a~459t/a;49%periodwhenariverisatitsnormallevels:318t/a~419t/a;32%dryseasons:118~318t/a.Keywords:probabilitytypeenvironmentalcapacityofwater;watermode;lTP;ChanghuLake,,,,[1],,[2]2070,[3]2070[4],,,[5]1,100km2,21,N3022~3032,E11215~11230,,,844,,,,();,29km2,180km,46,,(1)4334620096Vol34No6June20091(m)(m)(km2)(108m3)(m)(km)(km)(km)K2723051224271352212916754218046,3050m,3250m,280m,19503338m,1983333m,2839m2m~3m305m,1225km2,271108m3320,280,40,,,,,22.12.1.1模型维数,,;,,,()2.1.2反应过程,,,,,,,()2.1.3模型类型,,,,,[6-7],2.2,,:Vdcdt=QCe-QC+Sc+r(c)V(1):V(m3)Q(m3/a)Ce(g/m3)C(g/m3)Sc()(g/a)r(c)(g/m3/a)(1),,,2.3,(Vollenweider)(Dillion)OECD[8]2.3.1沃伦威德模型W=SAZ(+QV):W()(t/a)A()(km2)S(mg/L)V()(m3)Q()(m3/a)(1/a)Z()(m)2.3.2狄龙模型W=(ASZQV)/(1+R):R(1/a)R=0426exp(-0271Q*)+0573exp(-000949Q*)Q*=Q/A2.3.14434620096Vol34No6June20092.3.3合田健模型W=SAZ(QV+d):d(1/a)d=10z2.3.12.4,,(Volle-nweider)(Dillion),,23:,,;,,:P=mn+1100%(1):P(%)nm,--,,;,23;,3,,,,,,[9-10](2),2TP(mg/L)00570100004601901155Redfield[11],(CH2O)106(NH3)16(H3PO4),,16:1,72:1,,,;,,16:1,,(TP)3.1,(1),,3150m~3326m,3029m~3150m,2839m~3029m(3);(2)(1)(1),,19%,49%,32%;(3)23;3(m)(km2)(104m3)3150~33263029~31502839~30291367~16061205~1367686~120540144~6622824640~401445279~2464014534620096Vol34No6June200923(4)232233(4)4(1/a)(1/a)083856165016~232558088014232558~323624099391323625~840336532,,,(GB3838-2002)([2000]10),005mg/L,2365(%)(m)(m)(km2)(104m3)(108m3)(1/a)(1/a)193150~3326430~6061367~160640144~6622826084083856165016~232558493029~3150309~4301205~136724640~4014415504088014232558~323624322839~3029119~309686~12055279~246400051099391323625~8403366t/a(%)(Dillion)(Vollenweider)19143~247419~459419~45949135~143318~419318~419320303~135118~318118~3183.3(1)(Vollenweider)d,;(2),,,419t/a~459t/a,318t/a~419t/a,118t/a~318t/a,20%~30%(3)(),V=AH,372108-588108m3,:(Dillion)(087t/a~1329t/a),(Vollenweider)(30869t/a~4205t/a);(4),:,,30%,004855mg/L;002611mg/L,,,:19%:419t/a~459t/a;49%:318t/a~419t/a;32%:118t/a~318t/a4634620096Vol34No6June20094,,,,,,,,:(1),,,;(2),;(3)--,,;(4),:19%:419t/a~459t/a;49%:318t/a~419t/a;32%:118t/a~318t/a:[1]喻良,刘遂庆,王牧阳.基于水环境模型的水环境容量计算的研究[J].河南科学,2006,24(6):874-876.[2]李鹏书,张文志.东江干流惠州市区段水环境容量计算及分析[J].人民珠江,2006(3):53-54.[3]张永良,洪继华,夏青,等.中国水环境容量研究与展望[J].环境科学研究,1988,1(1):73-81.[4]张永良,刘培哲.水环境容量综合手册[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1991,138-145.[5]鲍全盛,王华东,曹利军.中国河流水环境容量区划研究[J].中国环境科学,1996,16(2):87-91.[6]夏青.流域水污染物总量控制[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996.[7]张永良,洪继华,夏青,等.我国水环境容量研究与展望[MI.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1991.[8]金相灿.湖泊富营养化控制和管理技术[M].化学工业出版社,2001.[9]AndrewN.Sharpley,ChapraS.C.eta.l,ManagingAgriculturalPhosphorusforProtectionofSurfaceWaters:IssuesandOptions[J].J.Environ.Qua.l,1994,23:437-451.[10]Correl.lD.L.TheRoleofPhosphorusintheEutroph-icationofReceivingWaters:aReview[J].J.Environ.Qua.l,1998,27:261-266.[11]吴春艳.滇池水体磷污染的研究及其控制方法初探[D].东北农业大学硕士学位论文,2003,6:1-4.(上接第39页)42,K,,2002,,2002,2003,2002-2003,,,[4],,:(1),;(2),;(3),4,,,,,,,,,,[5]:[1]杨诗秀,陈裕瑞,邱汉城,等.中国新疆塔里木农业灌溉排水与环境保护第一期工程.渭干河子项目水盐监测技术报告[R].北京:清华大学出版社,1997,10.[2]薛禺群.地下水动力学原理[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1990.[3]杨诗秀,陈裕瑞,邱汉城,等.渭干河子项目.水盐监测技术报告[R].北京:清华大学出版社,1997,10.[4]严安.水文地质学基础[M].南京:河海大学出版社,1989.[5]五全九,叶海燕,马东豪,等.新疆渭干河灌区水盐监测成果报告[R].西安:西安理工大学出版社,2003,11.47