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ThelostpurseAladylostherhandbaginthebustleofChristmasshopping.Itwasfoundbyanhonestlittleboyandreturnedtoher.Lookinginherpurse,shecommented,'Hmmm....That'sfunny.WhenIlostmybagtherewasatwenty-dollarbillinit.Nowtherearetentyone-dollarbills.'Theboyquicklyreplied,'That'sright,lady,ThelasttimeIfoundalady'spurse,shedidn'thaveanychangeforareward.'注释：bustle匆忙comment评论AclearconscienceListenandanwser:1.Thisstoryisabout___.A.SamBenthB.SamBentonC.Benth2.Didhefoundhiswalletoutsidehisfrontdoor?A.Yes,hedidB.No,hedidn’t3.Howmuchmoneywassenttotheownerintotal?A.100percentB.25percentC.75percent1.clearadj.无罪的；不亏心的；清晰地Aclearconscience问心无愧2.consciencen.道德；良心eg:不做亏心事，不怕半夜鬼敲门。Aclearconscienceneverfearsmidnightknocking.concientiousadj.凭良心的；诚实的3.walletn.钱包4.savingsn.存款savingbank储蓄银行savingaccount储蓄存款账户eg:他用存的钱买了这辆自行车。Heusedhissavingstobuythebike.5.villagern.村民；乡下人er表示人，类似的词很多。如：waiter侍者manager经理reporter记者6.percent百分之eg:我百分之百同意。Iam100percentinagreement.Thewholevillagesoonlearntthatalargesumofmoneyhadbeenlost.SamBenton,thelocalbutcher,hadlosthiswalletwhiletakinghissavingstothepost-office.1．Thewholevillagesoonlearntthatalargesumofmoneyhadbeenlost.主从复合句，that引导宾语从句。（1）village在这里为总称，指“村民”，thewholevillage指“全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）eg:这消息使全村的人兴奋。Thewholevillagewasexcitedbythenews.（2）learn在句中的含义为“获悉”、“得知”：我刚刚得知她病了。I'vejustlearntthatshewasill.3．SamBenton,thelocalbutcher,hadlosthiswalletwhiletakinghissavingstothepostoffice.简单句。while引导的现在分词作伴随状语…whilehewastakinghissavingstothepostoffice。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生的.他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。Helistenedtomusicwhilecleaningtheroom.如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：我打扫房间时，他在听音乐HelistenedtomusicwhileIwascleaningtheroom.Samwassurethatthewalletmusthavebeenfoundbyoneofthevillagers,butitwasnotreturnedtohim.Threemonthspassed,andthenonemorning,Samfoundhiswalletoutsidehisfrontdoor.Ithadbeenwrappedupinnewspaperanditcontainedhalfthemoneyhehadlost,togetherwithanotewhichsaid:'Athief,yes,'butonly5opercentathief!'4．Samwassurethatthewalletmusthavebeenfoundbyoneofthevillagers…must用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。WhenIarrived,hewasn'there.Hemusthaveleftearly.5．itcontainedhalfthemoneyhehadlost,我们既可以说halfthemoney，也可以说halfofthemoney，它们可以互相替代，但是money前都必须有the，因为是指特定的钱。再如：这面包有一半已变质了。Halfthebread/halfofthebreadwasbad.Twomonthslater,somemoremoneywassenttoSamwithanothernote:'Only25percentathiefnow!'Intime,allSam'smoneywaspaidbackinthisway.Thelastnotesaid:'Iam100percenthonestnow!'6．Intime,allSam'smoneywaspaidbackinthisway.含一般过去式的简单句。（1）intime可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”：我最终／总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。I'lltellyoueverythingintime.（2）inthisway表示“用这样的方式”：必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。Youmustpayattentiontoyourspelling.Inthisway,youcanbecomeagoodsecretaryintime.被动语态被动语态的基本形式为助动词be+及物动词的过去分词，即bedone。被动语态的不同时态是通过助动词be的时态变化来体现的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。在初中阶段要求掌握八种时态的被动语态和含有情态动词的被动语态，其具体变化为：一般现在时：am／is／aredone一般过去时：was／weredone现在完成时：have／hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone现在进行时：am／is／arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone一般将来时：shall／willbedone过去将来时：should／wouldbedone含情态动词：情态动词＋bedone一.被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。Wedon'tbelieveher.变被动Sheisnotbelievebyus.二.被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：Wheredidtheygrowvegetables？（改为被动语态）Where_____vegetables______?(答案:were,grown)三.带双宾语的两种被动语态形式：①把指人的间接宾用作被动句的主语，如：Shegavemeabook.→Iwasgivenabookbyher.②把指物的直接宾语用作被动句的主语，此时，间接宾语前需加介词to或for,如：1)Shegavemeabook.Abookwasgiventomebyher.2).Sheboughtmeapresent.Apresentwasboughtformebyher.练习:Hermothergaveheranewpen．（变被动）Anewpen__________________herbyhermother．wasgivento中考英语被动语态专项练习题1.Thenewcomputers___________tothevillageschoolaspresentslastmonth.A.aregivenB.gaveC.givenD.weregiven2.When__________thiskindofcomputer_________?---------Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung4Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended5Thepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown6Whattime___thedoor___everyday?A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close1.Lastyearvegetables______(grow)inthegardenbyTomandhe_____(sell)themhimself.2.She______(help)himwithhishomeworktomorrowevening.3.Howmanymagazines______(canborrow)inyourlibraryeveryweek?答案：weregrown/sold/willhelp/canbeborrowed5.－Who_____(save)herfatheryesterday?－He_____(save)bythatpoliceman.6.Thedoctor_____(sendfor)becausehisgrandpawasill.答案：saved/wassaved/wassentfor7._____paper______(make)ofwood?1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool（改为被动语态)Theirclassroom______often_______bythemafterschool.Is/made/arecleaned2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.(同上）Anewpen_____________________Tomlastweek.3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.(同上）English___________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.wasgivento/canbespoken4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.(同上）English____________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillpublishthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）Thesestory-books_____________________nextmonth.hasbeenlearnt/willbepublished情景替换不久，全班都知道了，有一大笔钱失窃了。我刚丢了钱包，十分沮丧。我确信肯定有同学捡到了，只是没有还给我。三周过去了，接着有一天早上，我在我的书桌内发现了我的钱包。它被包在一张报纸里，里面有我丢失的钱的一半和一张纸。上面写着：贼，没错，但只是半个贼。又过了两个礼拜，又有一些钱还了回来，还有一张纸条：只是四分