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生理学重点词汇A暗适应Darkadaptation暗视觉ScotopicvisionB被动转运Passivetransport白细胞Leukocyte背侧呼吸组dorsalrespiratorygroup搏功Strokework变力作用Inotropicaction变时作用Chronotropicaction变传导作用Dromtropicaction比顺应性Specificcompliance补吸气量Inspiratoryreservevolume补呼气量Expiratoryreservevolume不完全强直收缩Incompletetetanus不感蒸发（不显汗）Insensibleperpiration编码（作用）Encoding边缘系统Babinski’ssign巴彬斯基征Limbicsystemα波阻断α-boockC出胞Exocytosis出血时间Bleedingtime刺激Stimulus超常期Supranormalperiod超极化Hyperpolarization超速驱动压抑Overdrivesuppression初长度Initiallength促红细胞生成素Erythropoietin,EPO促胰液素Secretin促甲状腺激素Thyroidstimulatinghormone,TSH促甲状腺激素释放激素Thyrotropin-releaxinghormone,TRH促性腺激素释放激素Gonadotropin-releasinghormone,GnRH促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素Corticotropin-releasinghormone,CRH促肾上腺皮质激素Adrenocorticotropin,ACTH促阿片-黑素细胞皮质素原（阿黑皮素原）Pro-opiomelanocrtin,POMC长度-张力曲线Length-tensioncurve长时性记忆Longtermmemory长时程增强Long-termpotentiation充盈期（相）fillingperiod(phase)充盈压Fillingpressure层流Laminarflow湍流Turbulence潮气量Tidalvolume肠抑胃素Enterogastrone肠-胃反射Enterogastricreflex肠致活酶Enterokinase产热Productionofheat传导Conduction传递蛋白Transducin传入侧支性抑制Afferentcollateralinhibition窗孔结构Fenestration重吸收Reabsoption操作条件反射Operateconditionedreflex催产素Oxytocin,OXT催乳素Prolactin,PRL雌二醇Estradiol,E2D单纯扩散Simplediffusion单收缩Singletwitch单位平滑肌Single-unitsmoothmuscle单核细胞Monocyte电-化学势Electro-chemicalpotential电压门控通道Voltage-gatedchannel电压钳Voltageclamp电紧张性扩布Electrotonicpropagation电突触Electricsynapse第二信使Secondmessenger低常期Subnormalperiod动作电位Actionpotential动脉血压Arterialbloodpressure动脉脉搏Atrerialpulse动-静脉吻合支Arteriovenousanastomosis动毛Kinocilium等长收缩Isometriccontraction等张收缩Isotoniccontraction等容收缩期Isovolumicsystole等容舒张期Isovolumicdiastole多单位平滑肌Multi-unitsmoothmuscle定向祖细胞Committedprogenitors定比重吸收Constantfractionreabsorption代偿性间歇Compensatorypause代谢Metabolism端压Endpressrure胆囊收缩素Cholecystokinin(CCK)胆盐Bilesalt胆盐的肠肝循环Enterohepaticcirculationofbilesalt对流Convection毒蕈碱受体Muscarinicreceptor短时性记忆Shorttermmemory蛋白激酶CProteinkinaseC,PKCE二酰油Diacylglycerol二氧化碳解离曲线CarbondioxidedissociationcurveF反馈Feedback反射弧Rdflexarc锋电位Spikepotential房室延搁Atrioventriculardelay非自律细胞Non-rhythmiccell非蛋白呼吸商Non-proteinrespiratoryquotient,NPRQ非突触性化学传递Non-synapticchemicaltransmission非特异投射系统Nonspecificprojectionsystem非联合型学习Non-associativelearning复活Reactivqtion肺循环Pulmonarycirculation肺通气Pulmonaryventilation肺内压Intrapulmonarypressure肺泡表面活性物质Alveolarsurfactant肺活量Vitalcapacity肺总量Totallungcapacity肺泡通气量Alveolarventilation肺扩散容量Pulmonarydiffusioncapacity肺牵张反射Pulmonarystretchreflex腹式呼吸Abdominalbreathing腹侧呼吸组Ventralrespiratorygroup分节运动Segmentationcontraction放能反应Exergonicreaction辐射原则Divergenceprinciple辐射Radiation发汗Sweating(perspiration)翻正反射Rightingreflex防御反应区DefensezoneG钙调蛋白Calmodulin肝素Heparin工作（心肌）细胞Working(cardiac)cell冠脉循环Coronarycirculation功能余气量Functionalresidualvolume管球反馈Tubuloglomerularfeedback光适应Lightadaptation感觉柱Sensorycolumn感觉失语症Xensoryaphasia感觉区Sensoryarea睾酮Testosterone,TH化学门控通道Chmicallygatedchannel化学感受性反射Chemoreceptorrdflex化学感受器Chemoreceptor后电位Afterpotential后负荷Afterload后放Atfterdischarge河豚毒Tetrodotoxin横桥Crossbridge横桥联接Crossbridgeattachment滑行学说Slidingtheory红细胞Erythrocyte缓冲神经Bufferneerves呼吸Respiration呼气Expiration呼吸运动Respiratorymovement呼吸困难Dysp(o)nea呼吸调节中枢Pneumotaxiccenter呼吸热量计Respirationcalorimeter呼吸商Respiratoryquotient回漏Back-leak回返性抑制Recurrentinhibition壶腹Ampulla海马环路Hippocmpalcircuit黄体生成素（间质细胞刺激素）Luteinizinghormone,LH(interstitialcellstimulatinghormone,ICSH)环-磷腺苷CyclicAMP,cAMPJ继发性主动转运Secondaryactivetransport绝对不应期Absoluterefractoryperiod极化Polarization局部兴奋Localexcitation局部神经元回路Localneuronalcircuit局部回路神经元Localcircuitneuron肌原纤维Myofibril肌小节Sarcomere肌凝蛋白（肌球蛋白）Myosin肌纤蛋白（肌动蛋白）Actin肌钙蛋白（原宁蛋白）Tropnin肌紧张Muscletonus肌梭Musclespindle集落刺激因子Colonystimulatingfactor,CSF浆细胞Plasmacell巨核细胞Megakaryocytes交叉配血试验Cross-matchtest交换血管Exchangevessel交互性突触Reciprocalsynapse静息心指数Restingcardiacindex静息张力Restingtension静脉回心血量Venousreturn静毛Stereocilia激肽释放酶-激肽系统Kallikrein-kininsystem激素Hormone解剖无效腔Anatomicaldeadspace基本电节律Basicelectricalrhythm基础代谢Basalmetabolicrate基础代谢率Basalmetabolicrate假饲Sham-feeding假怒Shamrage菊粉Inulin简化眼Reducedeye聚合原则Convergenceprinciple脊休克Spinalshock甲状腺素（四碘甲腺原氨酸）Thyroxin,3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodlthyronine,T4甲状腺球蛋白Thyroglobulin,TG甲状腺素结合球蛋白Thyroxine-bindingglobulin,TBG甲状旁腺激素Parathyroidhormone,PTH降钙素Calcitomin,CT焦度DiopterK跨膜信号传递Transmembranesignaling跨膜信号转换Transmembranesignaltransduction跨膜静息电位Transmembranereatingpotential快速（即早）基因Immediate-earlygene快速射血期（相）Rapidejectionperiod(phase)快痛Fastpain空间性总和Spitialsummation抗凝物质Anticoagulant抗利尿激素Antidiuretichormone可感蒸发SensibleperspirationL酪氨酸蛋白激酶受体Tyrosinekinasereceptor量子式释放Quantalrelease粒细胞Granulocyte淋巴细胞Lymphocyte淋巴液Lymph冷敏神经元Cold-sensitiveneuron滤过Filtration滤过裂孔隙Filtrationslitmembrane联合型学习Associativelearning裂脑Splitbrain卵泡刺激素Follicle-stimulatinghormone,FSHM膜片钳Patchclamp每搏输出量Strokevolume每分功（心脏）Minutework(heart)每分输出量Minutevolume(heart)每分通气量Minuteventilationvolume脉搏压Pulsepressure毛细血管前阻力Precapillaryresistance毛细血管后阻力Postcapillaryresistance毛细血管前括约肌Precapillarysphincter毛细血管Capillary慢痛Slowpain慢波睡眠SlowwavesleepN内环境Internalenvironment内因子Inintrinsicfactor内源性激活途径Intrinsicroute内皮舒张因子Endothelium-derivedrelaxingfactor(EDRF)内皮缩血管因子Endothlium-