《中华人民共和国民法通则》中英文对照

GeneralPrinciplesofTheCivilLawofThePeople'sRepublicofChina(AdoptedattheFourthSessionoftheSixthNationalPeople'sCongress,promulgatedbyOrderNo.37ofthePresidentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaonApril12,1986,andeffectiveasofJanuary1,1987)中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会第四次会议于1986年4月12日通过，1986年4月12日中华人民共和国主席令第37号发布，现予公布，自1987年1月1日起施行。Contents目录ChapterIBasicPrinciples第一章基本原则ChapterIICitizen(NaturalPerson)第二章公民（自然人）Section1CapacityforCivilRightsandCapacityforCivilConduct第一节民事权利能力和民事行为能力Section2Guardianship第二节监护Section3DeclarationsofMissingPersonsandDeath第三节宣告失踪和宣告死亡Section4IndividualBusinessesandLeaseholdingFarmHouseholds第四节个体工商户、农村承包经营户Section5IndividualPartnership第五节个人合伙ChapterIIILegalPersons第三章法人Section1GeneralStipulations第一节一般规定Section2EnterpriseasLegalPerson第二节企业法人Section3OfficialOrgan,InstitutionandSocialOrganizationasLegalPersons第三节机关、事业单位和社会团体法人Section4EconomicAssociation第四节联营ChapterIVCivilJuristicActsandAgency第四章民事法律行为和代理Section1CivilJuristicActs第一节民事法律行为Section2Agency第二节代理ChapterVCivilRights第五章民事权利Section1PropertyOwnershipandRelatedPropertyRights第一节财产所有权和与财产所有权有关的财产权Section2Creditors'Rights第二节债权Section3IntellectualPropertyRights第三节知识产权Section4PersonalRights第四节人身权ChapterVICivilLiability第六章民事责任Section1GeneralStipulations第一节一般规定Section2CivilLiabilityforBreachofContract第二节违反合同的民事责任Section3CivilLiabilityforInfringementofRights第三节侵权的民事责任Section4MethodsofBearingCivilLiability第四节承担民事责任的方式ChapterVIILimitationofAction第七章诉讼时效ChapterVIIIApplicationofLawinCivilRelationswithForeigners第八章涉外民事关系的法律适用ChapterIXSupplementaryProvisions第九章附则ChapterIBasicPrinciples第一章基本原则Article1ThisLawisformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandtheactualsituationinourcountry,drawinguponourpracticalexperienceincivilactivities,forthepurposeofprotectingthelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandlegalpersonsandcorrectlyadjustingcivilrelations,soastomeettheneedsofthedevelopingsocialistmodernization.第一条为了保障公民、法人的合法的民事权益，正确调整民事关系，适应社会主义现代化建设事业发展的需要，根据宪法和我国实际情况，总结民事活动的实践经验，制定本法。Article2TheCivilLawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinashalladjustpropertyrelationshipsandpersonalrelationshipsbetweencivilsubjectswithequalstatus,thatis,betweencitizens,betweenlegalpersonsandbetweencitizensandlegalpersons.第二条中华人民共和国民法调整平等主体的公民之间、法人之间、公民和法人之间的财产关系和人身关系。Article3Partiestoacivilactivityshall第三条当事人在民事活动中的地位haveequalstatus.平等。Article4Incivilactivities,theprinciplesofvoluntariness,fairness,makingcompensationforequalvalue,honestyandcredibilityshallbeobserved.第四条民事活动应当遵循自愿、公平、等价有偿、诚实信用的原则。Article5Thelawfulcivilrightsandinterestsofcitizensandlegalpersonsshallbeprotectedbylaw;noorganizationorindividualmayinfringeuponthem.第五条公民、法人的合法的民事权益受法律保护，任何组织和个人不得侵犯。Article6Civilactivitiesmustbeincompliancewiththelaw;wheretherearenorelevantprovisionsinthelaw,theyshallbeincompliancewithstatepolicies.第六条民事活动必须遵守法律，法律没有规定的，应当遵守国家政策。Article7Civilactivitiesshallhaverespectforsocialethicsandshallnotharmthepublicinterest,underminestateeconomicplansordisruptsocialeconomicorder.第七条民事活动应当尊重社会公德，不得损害社会公共利益，破坏国家经济计划，扰乱社会经济秩序。Article8ThelawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinashallapplytocivilactivitieswithinthePeople'sRepublicofChina,exceptasotherwisestipulatedbylaw.第八条在中华人民共和国领域内的民事活动，适用中华人民共和国法律，法律另有规定的除外。ThestipulationsofthisLawasregardscitizensshallapplytoforeignersandstatelesspersonswithinthePeople'sRepublicofChina,exceptasotherwisestipulatedbylaw.本法关于公民的规定，适用于在中华人民共和国领域内的外国人、无国籍人，法律另有规定的除外。ChapterIICitizen(NaturalPerson)第二章公民（自然人）Section1CapacityforCivilRightsandCapacityforCivilConduct.第一节民事权利能力和民事行为能力Article9Acitizenshallhavethecapacityforcivilrightsfrombirthtodeathandshallenjoycivilrightsandassumecivilobligationsinaccordancewiththelaw.第九条公民从出生时起到死亡时止，具有民事权利能力，依法享有民事权利，承担民事义务。Article10Allcitizensareequalasregards第十条公民的民事权利能力一律平theircapacityforcivilrights.等。Article11Acitizenaged18orovershallbeanadult.Heshallhavefullcapacityforcivilconduct,mayindependentlyengageincivilactivitiesandshallbecalledapersonwithfullcapacityforcivilconduct.第十一条十八周岁以上的公民是成年人，具有完全民事行为能力，可以独立进行民事活动，是完全民事行为能力人。Acitizenwhohasreachedtheageof16butnottheageof18andwhosemainsourceofincomeishisownlabourshallberegardedasapersonwithfullcapacityforcivilconduct.十六周岁以上不满十八周岁的公民，以自己的劳动收入为主要生活来源的，视为完全民事行为能力人。Article12Aminoraged10orovershallbeapersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductandmayengageincivilactivitiesappropriatetohisageandintellect;inothercivilactivities,heshallberepresentedbyhisagentadlitemorparticipatewiththeconsentofhisagentadlitem.第十二条十周岁以上的未成年人是限制民事行为能力人，可以进行与他的年龄、智力相适应的民事活动；其他民事活动由他的法定代理人代理，或者征得他的法定代理人的同意。Aminorundertheageof10shallbeapersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconductandshallberepresentedincivilactivitiesbyhisagentadlitem.不满十周岁的未成年人是无民事行为能力人，由他的法定代理人代理民事活动。Article13Amentallyillpersonwhoisunabletoaccountforhisownconductshallbeapersonhavingnocapacityforcivilconductandshallberepresentedincivilactivitiesbyhisagentadlitem.第十三条不能辨认自己行为的精神病人是无民事行为能力人，由他的法定代理人代理民事活动。Amentallyillpersonwhoisunabletofullyaccountforhisownconductshallbeapersonwithlimitedcapacityforcivilconductandmayengageincivilactivitiesappropriatetohismentalhealth;inothercivilactivities