关系副词的用法

Unit5NelsonMandelaPeroid5GrammarTheAttributiveClauseⅡTheAttributiveClause2--RelativeAdverbs关系副词：在定语从句中，当表示时间、地点、原因的名词作先行词时，且先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词when,where,why.关系副词的用法关系副词指代先行词在从句中的成分When(=at/in/on/during等介词+which)Where(=in/at等介词+which)why(=forwhich)表时间时间状语表地点地点状语表原因原因状语关系副词-----when,where,why1.when表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如:time,day,year,week,month,morning,evening等）,在从句中作时间状语when可换成“at/in/on/during等介词+关系代词”。e.g.Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Myfatherwasbornintheyearwhen(=inwhich)WorldWarⅡbrokeout.2.where表示地点，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如:place,room,house,hotel,school,city等)，在从句当中作地点状语。when可换成“介词+关系代词”。如：•Thisisthefarmwhere(=onwhich)weworkedwhenwewereyoung.•Myfatherwasbornintheplacewhere(=inwhich)WorldWarⅡbrokeout.3.why表示原因，常用在先行词reason后,表示原因，在从句当中做原因状语，相当于for+whichThereareseveralreasonswhy(=forwhich)theboysshouldbepunished.Tomcouldn’tgivetheteacherthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.reason作先行词时关系词的使用I’mnotclearaboutthereasonforwhichhedidit.whyhediditthathedidit.先行词thereasonforwhichwhythat①Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing．②ThereasonwhyJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.③ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.下面我们学习一下关系副词when\where\why的用法Thehousewhichhelivesinneedsrepairing.Thehouseinwhichhelivesneedsrepairing.Thehousewherehelivesneedsrepairing．ComparinganddiscoveringThereasonwhyJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers.ThereasonforwhichJimwashappytohelpMandelawashelpingothers..ThedaywhenMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim.ThedayonwhichMandelatoldmewhattodoandhelpedhimwasthehappiestdayforJim4.关系副词的用法注意点(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用关系词that或省略。如：Thisisthefirsttime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.4.关系副词的用法注意点(2)当point,situation,case,position,stage,condition等词作先行词表示“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意思时，其后常由where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如：I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了Weareinapositionwherewemaylosealargesumofmoney.我们正处在可能损失一笔钱的境地。Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisphrasecanbeused?你能想到一种使用这个短语的情况吗？小结:关系词的选择1.找先行词2.先行词在从句中作什么成分（1）主语、宾语、表语、定语-----关系代词状语------关系副词（2）先行词前是否需要介词要----关系副词不要----关系代词I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.When/inwhich关系词及其用法小结关系代词指代在定从中省略否whowhomwhosewhichthat人作主语不省人作宾语可省人/物(的)作定语(+n)不省事/物作主语/宾语作宾语时可省人/物作主语/宾语作宾语时可省关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略that关系副词指代在定从中省略否whenwherewhy介词+which作时间状语介词+which介词for+which作地点状语作原因状语不省不省不省不可以省略辨析whichorwhere/when/why在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语whichorwhere/when/why1.Thisisthemuseum_______mymotherworked10yearsago.(workedinthemuseum地点状语)Thisisthemuseum_________wasbuiltin1950.(themuseumwasbuild)（museum主语）在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语wherewhich2.July1,1921wastheday________ourPartywasfounded(成立).(ourPartywasfoundedontheday作状语）July1,1921wastheday__________wewillnotforget.（wewillneverforgettheday作宾语）whenwhichwhichorwhere/when/why在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语及物动词3.Irememberthedays_________Ilivedinmyhometown.(Ilivedinmyhometownduringthedays作状语）Irememberthedays__________Ispentwithmygrandpa.（Ispentthedayswith..thedays作宾语）whenwhichwhichorwhere/when/why在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语4.Thehouse_______________we’regoingtovisitwasbuiltacenturyago.(visitthehouse)Thehouse_________________usedtobeatempleisaschoolnow.(thehouseusedtobeatemple)Thehouse_________heusedtolivewasflooded.(heusedtoliveinthehouse)(which/that)which/thatwhere5.Abookstoreisaplace_________youcangetbooks.(youcangetthebooksintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_________booksaresold.(booksaresoldintheplace)Abookstoreisaplace_____________sellbooks.(theplacesellsbooks)wherewhich/thatwhere6.Ican’tfindthecard_______Iwroteyouraddress.(Iwroteyouraddressonthecard)Ican’tfindthecard_____________Iwroteyouraddress.7.Thebox__________heputhisphotosisgone.(heputhisphotointothebox)Thebox_______________heiscarryingisheavy.(heiscarryingthebox)wherewhereonwhich(that/which)8.Thehotel_________westayedduringourholidaystandsbytheseaside.(westayedinthehotel)Thehotel______________standsbytheseasideisquitecomfortable.(thehotelstandsbytheseaside)wherewhich/thatwhichorwhere/when/why在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语9.Thereason_______hediditisnotclear.(hediditfor….reason作状语)Thereason________hegavetotheteacherisunbelievable.(hegavethereason(宾语)totheteacher)whywhichwhichorwhere/when/why在定语从句中作状语还是作主语/宾语