搜索
1被动语态姓名：____________时间：_____________编号：_________一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用被、受、给等词来表示被动意义。如：Heopenedthedoor.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）Thedoorwasopened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）1．一般现在时（am/is/are+done）Englishisspokenbylotsofpeopleintheworld.世界上的许多人都说英语。Theclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.学生们每天都打扫教室。2．一般过去时(was/were+done)Thecupwasbrokenbytheboy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。Mybikewasstolen.我的自行车被偷了。3．一般将来时(will/shallbe+done)Anewroadwillbebuiltnextyear.明年要修一条新马路。4．过去将来时(would/shouldbe+done)Ithoughtthousandsofpeoplewouldbehelped.我认为将有数千人得到帮助。5.现在进行时(am/is/arebeing+done)Theproblemisbeingdiscussednow.问题正在被讨论。6.过去进行时(was/werebeing+done)Themachinewasbeingrepairedatthistimeyesterday.昨天这时，机器正在被修理。7．现在完成时(have/hasbeen+done)Twohundredtreeshavebeenplantedbynow.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。8.过去完成时：(hadbeen+done)Hehadbeentoldmanytimesnottobelate.他被告诉好多次不要迟到了。三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.六、特殊情况1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.→（1）AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.→（2）PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.七、常见的句型结构：Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......）that......大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）......Itis(was)wellknownthat......众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat......被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat......务必记住......2（）1．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.AareheldBwereheldC．areholdingD．willho1d（）2.Intheartshow，alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings．A．isgivingBisgivenCwillgiveDhasgiven（）3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teachesB.isteachingC.hastaughtD.istaught（）4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________asPeople'sWriter.A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards（）5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used（）6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleaned（）7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it____.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．A．pollutedBwaspollutedChaspollutedD．waspo11ute（）8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted（）9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen（）10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted（）11.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshowB.wereshownC.isshownD.willbeshown（）12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（）13.---Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeen______thesedays.A.turnedupB.putupC.shownupD.fixedup（）14.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed（）15.—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?—Yes,ourclassroom______everyday.A.cleanB.cleansC.iscleanedD.Cleaned（）16．—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttellB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.wasn’ttold（）17．Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldownB.willbepulleddownC.willpulldownD.arepulleddown（）18．---Mywatch______.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islostB.isbrokenC.hasfoundD.hasstopped（）19．---DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?---No,I___________.A.amnotinvitedB.wasn’tinvitedC.haven’tinvitedD.didn’tinvite（）20．--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______?--Onceayear.A.does;holdB.was;holdC.is;heldD.did;hold（）21．OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)_______atthepriceof30.36millionHongKongdollars.A.sellB.soldC.issoldD.wassold（）22．TheThousand-handGuanyin____bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregardedB.areregardedC.hasregardedD.regards（）23．—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.paintedB.werepaintingC.werepaintedD.hadpainted（）24．---Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrowB,wasthrowC,mustthrowD